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Can periodontal disease affect conception? A literature review
Get PDF: Today periodontal health is considered as an integral part of systemic health itself and no longer as a single factor. The literature recognizes that the presence of periodontal disease can represent a risk factor for numerous systemic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. In recent years, we have witnessed a progressive interest regarding the influence exerted by this condition on reproduction, as well as the possible repercussions on conception possibilities. Upon analyzing a limited number of studies available for the correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, it could be inferred that this condition can be equated to the presence of a real outbreak of infection and therefore exert its influence, not only through bacterial translocation in the bloodstream, causing the systemic dissemination of pathogens, but also through the production of cytokines and immunoglobulins by inflammatory mediators. This situation limits bacterial growth, but it could cause damage to the fetus, to the reproductive system, and could hinder conception attempts. Although further research is needed to better clarify the mechanism underlying the possible correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, the present article aims to review all the available literature on this topic. Lay summary: In recent years, interest regarding the influence of gum disease on conception has increased. Since serious gum disease (periodontitis) can be compared to an outbreak of infection, studies suggest that the bacteria that mediate inflammation do not remain confined only to the gum tissue, but can enter the bloodstream and spread, thus spreading the infection and having a whole-body effect. This situation could cause damage to the developing baby, to the reproductive system and could hinder conception attempts. Constant maintenance of oral health is definitely necessary. It is important for the professionals involved (gynecologists, obstetricians, dentists, etc.) to communicate and collaborate on these issues. Dentists could advise on the correct hygienic maintenance not only to pregnant women, but also to those who are planning a pregnancy in order to avoid the occurrence of unfavorable conditions
Evaluation of high‐power laser therapy as treatment of chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases—Dr Morankar
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Evaluating high power laser therapy (HPLT) as treatment for chemotherapy‐induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases‐ Dr Jin
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Oro-dental lesions in paediatric patients with coeliac disease: an observational retrospective clinical study
Get PDFBackground and aim of the study: investigating the correlation between coeliac disease and specific oral lesions. Methods: 114 paediatric patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: diagnosed celiac patients (CD group), patients with malabsorption without coeliac disease (non-CD group), and healthy patients as control. Lesions of oral hard and soft tissues were detected and analysed by Fisher's test and odds ratio calculations. Major results: a non-random correlation between the three groups and the rate of enamel defects was detected. The CD group showed more and more severe enamel defects compared to the non-CD group. Instead, a non-random association between the three groups and the number of mucous lesions was not observed. Furthermore, malabsorption patterns not related to the coeliac disease involved a relatively modest risk of specific enamel defects when compared to control. Conclusions: hypoplastic enamel defects of the permanent teeth could represent reliable indicators for the coeliac disease. The etiology of specific hypoplastic enamel lesions has to be mainly sought in the autoimmune response triggered by gluten, while the malabsorption would play only a minor role. Lesions of the oral mucous membranes should not be considered as specific risk indicators, however representing a non-specific marker of malabsorption
Evaluation of high power laser therapy (HPLT) as treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases
No full textBackground: Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy. Among the current methods used in OM management there is high power laser therapy (HPLT), the efficacy of which has been recently tested. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of HPLT applied to the treatment of OM in paediatric patients. Design: Fourteen onco-hematological paediatric patients treated with chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and affected by OM at different grades were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with a class IV laser device in four sessions for four consecutive days; the OM evaluation was carried out with the WHO-OTS scale, while the perception of pain was assessed by visual analogue scale. Photographs and information about the lesions and patient questionnaires were collected. Descriptive analyses and the Wilcoxon signed rank test test (non-parametric test) were used, with a statistical significance of α = 0.05 RESULTS: After a week from the beginning of the treatment, 57% of patients were completely healed, while the whole cohort experienced a drastic decrease in pain, falling from an average value of 5.8 to 1.1 (p = 0.0016). The average number of injuries per patient decreased from 7.4 to 3.1 (p = 0.008). Conclusion: HPLT appears to be a safe and innovative method for the management of OM. It reduces pain and severity of oral cavity injuries. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal parameters useful in OM treatment and to evaluate which methodology, between HPLT and the well-known LLLT protocol, is the most effective
Efficacy of Two Toothpaste in Preventing Tooth Erosive Lesions Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Get PDFPatients suffering from acid reflux due to endogenous causes are often affected by gastroesophageal reflux disease which, in the oral environment, causes lingual and palatal enamel erosion. As enamel does not have the intrinsic ability to repair itself, the application of alloplastic materials, such as toothpastes is suggestable. The aim of this “in vitro” study was to compare the effectiveness of two different toothpastes in preventing erosion due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. Six tooth elements from bovine jaws were prepared using a high-speed diamond bur and water irrigation. Acid attack simulation was carried out using a 15% HCl hydrochloric acid solution. After that, two different toothpastes with or without fluoride, were brushed at the sample surface using an electric toothbrush at standard position and force. SEM and profilometer analysis were performed. Statistically significant difference was found in average tooth surface roughness after using toothpaste with or without fluoride after the acid attack, as the former offered a greater remineralization. No difference was found in long-term prevention. Fluoridated toothpastes offer a greater degree of remineralization at a first acid attack, however, there is no difference in long-term prevention independently from the toothpaste type
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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