1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Approches multiéchelles pour la segmentation de très grandes images : application à la quantification de biomarqueurs en histopathologie cancérologique.
No full textViewing and analyzing automatically sections of cancer tissue are major challenges to progress in the understanding of cancer development and to discover new indicators of response to therapy. The new microscopical scanners provide an essential assistance by supplying high-resolution color images of the whole histological slide. This allows us to overcome the issue of the distribution heterogeneity of the markers which have to be quantified. The size of these images, so-called virtual slides, can reach several gigabytes. The aim of this thesis is to design and to implement a segmentation method in order to isolate and to characterize the various stromal compartments on an ovarian carcinoma virtual slide. The two main difficulties to overcome are the size of images, which prevents us from processing them at once, and the choice of criteria to differentiate the stromal compartments. To address these problems, we developed a generic segmentation framework which combines a smart fragmentation of the image to a characterization of each stromal compartment, regarded as a texture. This characterization is based on a multiscale modeling of textures thanks to a hidden Markov tree model, applied to the wavelet decomposition coefficients. Rather than taking into account all types of stromal compartments at once, we chose to transform the multiclass problem into a set of binary problems. We also analyzed the influence of hyperparameters on segmentation (color representation, wavelet base and order and the number of resolution levels included in the analysis), which allowed us to select the most appropriate classifiers. Several methods of the best classifier decision combinations were then studied. The method was tested on more than twenty virtual slides. To assess the segmentation results, we have taken advantage of a testing protocol based on a stereological approach. Results on various test sets (synthetic images, small images, real images) are presented and discussed. The results obtained on virtual slides are promising, notably if we consider the variability of samples and the difficulty to identify precisely a compartment, even for an expert : about 60% of points are well classified (between 35 % and 80 % according to the slides).Visualiser et analyser automatiquement des coupes fines de tumeurs cancéreuses sont des enjeux majeurs pour progresser dans la compréhension des mécanismes de la cancérisation et mettre en évidence de nouveaux indicateurs de réponse au traitement. Les nouveaux scanners microscopiques apportent une aide essentielle en fournissant des images couleur haute résolution de la totalité des lames histologiques. Ceci permet de s'affranchir de l'hétérogénéité de distribution des marqueurs à quantifier. La taille de ces images, appelées lames virtuelles, peut atteindre plusieurs GigaOctets. L'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et d'implémenter une méthode de segmentation permettant de séparer les différents types de compartiments stromaux présents sur une lame virtuelle de carcinome ovarien. Les deux principales difficultés à surmonter sont la taille des images, qui empêche de les traiter en une seule fois, et le choix de critères permettant de différencier les compartiments stromaux. Pour répondre à ces problèmes, nous avons développé une méthode générique de segmentation multiéchelle qui associe un découpage judicieux de l'image à une caractérisation de chaque compartiment stromal, considéré comme une texture. Cette caractérisation repose sur une modélisation multiéchelle des textures par un modèle d'arbre de Markov caché, appliqué sur les coefficients de la décomposition en ondelettes. Plutôt que de considérer tous les types de compartiments stromaux simultanément, nous avons choisi de transformer le problème multiclasse en un ensemble de problèmes binaires. Nous avons également analysé l'influence d'hyperparamètres (représentation couleur, type d'ondelettes et nombre de niveaux de résolutions intégrés à l'analyse) sur la segmentation, ce qui nous a permis de sélectionner les classifieurs les mieux adaptés. Différentes méthodes de combinaison des décisions des meilleurs classifieurs ont ensuite été étudiées. La méthode a été testée sur une vingtaine de lames virtuelles. Afin d'évaluer les résultats de la segmentation, nous avons mis en œuvre un protocole de tests fondé sur une approche stéréologique. Les résultats sur différents jeux de tests (images synthétiques, images de petite taille, images réelles) sont présentés et commentés. Les résultats obtenus sur les lames virtuelles sont prometteurs, compte tenu de la variabilité des échantillons et de la difficulté, pour un expert, à identifier parfois très précisément un compartiment : environ 60% des points sont correctement classés (entre 35% et 80% selon les lames)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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