166 research outputs found
Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view
No full textThe aim of this study was to collect clinical information from owners of cats with hypersomatotropism (HS) distributed worldwide, assessing the impact of HS and its treatments on cats' quality of life (QoL) and survival time.Fil: Corsini, Andrea. Università di Parma; Italia. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Niessen, Stijn J. M.. University of London. Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Miceli, Diego Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Caney, Sarah. Midlothian Innovation Centre; Reino UnidoFil: Zeugswetter, Florian K.. Veterinarmedizinische Universitat Wien; AustriaFil: Sieber Ruckstuhl, Nadja S.. Universitat Zurich; SuizaFil: Arenas, Carolina. Anicura Hospital Veterinario Valencia Sur; EspañaFil: Fleeman, Linda M. Animal Diabetes Australia; AustraliaFil: Leal, Rodolfo O. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal. Universidade de Lisboa. Facultade de Medicina Veterinária; PortugalFil: Battellino, Martina. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Fracassi, Federico. Universidad de Bologna; Itali
sj-docx-2-jfm-10.1177_1098612X221098718 – Supplemental material for Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-jfm-10.1177_1098612X221098718 for Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view by Andrea Corsini, Stijn JM Niessen, Diego D Miceli, Sarah Caney, Florian K Zeugswetter, Nadja S Sieber-Ruckstuhl, Carolina Arenas, Linda M Fleeman, Rodolfo O Leal, Martina Battellino and Federico Fracassi in Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery</p
sj-docx-1-jfm-10.1177_1098612X221098718 – Supplemental material for Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jfm-10.1177_1098612X221098718 for Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view by Andrea Corsini, Stijn JM Niessen, Diego D Miceli, Sarah Caney, Florian K Zeugswetter, Nadja S Sieber-Ruckstuhl, Carolina Arenas, Linda M Fleeman, Rodolfo O Leal, Martina Battellino and Federico Fracassi in Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery</p
Impact of positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuver on healthy lungs in dogs assessed by functional and anatomical monitoring methods
No full textIntroduction Atelectasis is a common occurrence during anesthesia, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation and recruitment maneuvers (RM) can be used to mitigate this. However, both techniques may be associated with side effects in healthy lungs, and close monitoring is indicated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PEEP and RM in healthy dogs and to compare functional lung monitoring methods by electrical impedance tomography (EIT), volumetric capnography (VCap), and blood gas analysis with the gold-standard anatomical monitoring provided by computed tomography (CT). Methods and materials Nine healthy Beagle dogs underwent anesthesia and mechanical ventilation three times. After 35 min using zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), CT images, VCap, EIT measurements, and arterial blood gas samples were taken. Thereafter, either (1) ZEEP was continued, (2) PEEP initiated or (3) an RM was performed followed by PEEP. Ten minutes after changing the ventilation mode all measurements were repeated. Only one ventilation mode was employed during each anesthesia. Results During RM, we found a significant increase in the percentage of overaerated lung (V hyper ) ( p < 0.001), while the amount of normally aerated lung (V normal ), poorly aerated lung and non-aerated lung decreased ( p ≤ 0.001). VCap showed an increase in airway dead space (VD aw /VT) ( p = 0.002), and a decrease in alveolar dead space (VD alv /VT alv ). For PEEP, an increase in airway dead space ( p = 0.003) was found. For both groups, the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled per breath (VTCO 2,br ) decreased ( p = 0.001), and EIT showed a shift of the center of ventilation to the dependent lung areas ( p = 0.021 and p = 0.046, respectively). Oxygenation was superior in RM compared to ZEEP ( p = 0.033). The arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide decreased in RM ( p = 0.012). Positive associations were found between V hyper and VD aw /VT ( p = 0.004), V hyper and VD aw /VT ( p = 0.004), V hyper and V normal with VTCO 2,br ( p = 0.002 for both). Negative associations were found between V hyper and VD alv /VT alv ( p = 0.004) and non-dependent silent spaces ( p = 0.050), and V normal with oxygenation ( p = 0.030). Conclusion While RM may be effective in improving gas exchange, it appears to be not benign in healthy lungs, and PEEP might be the preferable strategy to avoid lung collapse during anesthesia. Functional monitoring – EIT, VCap, blood gas analysis – does not detect changes corresponding to anatomical findings on CT
Remission of diabetes mellitus in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis. ANIMALS: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. METHODS: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission. RESULTS: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group 2, and 1/7 cats in group 3 had been treated with glucocorticoids. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Remission of DM in cats presenting with DKA is possible. Cats with DKA and remission have more components of a stress leucogram, pancreatic disease, and seemed to be treated more often with glucocorticoids than cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission
Use of insulin glargine in dogs with diabetes mellitus
No full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of insulin glargine in dogs with diabetes mellitus (DM). Twelve client-owned dogs with DM were included. All dogs received insulin glargine every 12 hours for at least six months, re-evaluations were performed after one, two, four, eight, 12 and 24 weeks and included clinical signs, blood glucose curves (BGCs) and measurement of serum fructosamine concentrations. Mean blood glucose concentrations were significantly lower after two weeks of treatment and remained significantly lower for the duration of the study. By week 24, polyuria/polydipsia had improved in 91 per cent of the dogs. No clinical signs that could have been caused by hypoglycaemia were observed. Based on BGCs and remission of the clinical signs for judging the success of the treatment, 58, 33 and 8 per cent of the dogs attained good, moderate and poor glycaemic control by week 24 of the study, respectively. Insulin glargine administered subcutaneously twice daily is a possible and safe method of treatment for dogs with naturally occurring DM. Although only a few studies are available on the use of other types of insulin in dogs, their success rate is somewhat greater than that with insulin glargine
Evaluation of symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism receiving long-term mineralocorticoid replacement therapy
No full textOBJECTIVES: To investigate kidney function by determining serum symmetric dimethylarginine (sSDMA) and serum creatinine (sCr) concentrations in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism (PH) receiving long-term mineralocorticoid replacement therapy.
METHODS: Dogs with PH receiving a minimum of 12 months of either desoxycorticosterone pivalate or fludrocortisone acetate were included in the study provided that banked frozen serum samples were available for sSDMA analysis. sCr concentrations were retrieved from the medical records. In dogs still alive and presented for regular re-evaluations and in newly diagnosed patients, blood was prospectively collected for sSDMA and sCr determination.
RESULTS: Thirty-two dogs met the inclusion criteria. The treatment time ranged from 12 to 146 months after initial diagnosis (median, 55.5 months). The majority of dogs had normal sSDMA and sCr concentrations throughout the hormone replacement treatment. Both sSDMA and sCr concentrations were persistently elevated in three of 32 dogs. Further workup confirmed chronic kidney disease (CKD) in all three dogs.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, the prevalence of CKD could be higher in dogs with PH receiving long-term mineralocorticoid replacement treatment than in the general dog population. However, additional studies with a larger number of dogs are needed to confirm it
Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE): Cushing’s syndrome and hypoadrenocorticism—a modified Delphi-Method-based system to create consensus definitions
Full text linkProgress in clinical practice, research, and teaching needs a common language. Agreement among veterinary endocrinologists on definitions of concepts related to Cushing’s syndrome (CS) and hypoadrenocorticism is lacking. After a successful inaugural cycle on diabetes mellitus terminology, project Agreeing Language in Veterinary Endocrinology (ALIVE) held a second cycle, with simplified methodology, and brought together 10 experts of the European Society of Veterinary Endocrinology (ESVE) and the Society of Comparative Endocrinology (SCE). It employed a four-round modified Delphi Method to generate draft definitions and try and achieve consensus. A final round used an endorsement survey of the expert-generated definitions distributed to the ESVE and SCE memberships, seeking a simple majority endorsement. A minimum of 20% membership participation was sought. The 10 experts achieved 100% consensus on the definition of 35 adrenal disease-associated concepts, including disease definitions, diagnostic criteria, and test definitions, a disease classification system for CS and hypoadrenocorticism, and a clinical scoring system for CS. Definitions were subsequently assessed by 78 ESVE and SCE members (26% of combined memberships). All definitions achieved a simple majority, ranging from 83.1 to 100%. ALIVE proved effective in creating a body of terminology for adrenal disease in companion animals, which met the overall approval of a majority of those participating in the endorsement phase. The prospective use of these definitions could help improve comparability and standards for adrenal disease research, education, and clinics
Effect of hyperlipidemia on 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase, glucocorticoid receptor, and leptin expression in insulin-sensitive tissues of cats
Full text linkGlucocorticoid (GC) action depends on GC plasma concentration, cellular GC receptor expression, and the pre-receptor hormone metabolism catalyzed by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD). 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase exists in 2 isoforms; 11β-HSD1 converts inactive cortisone to cortisol, and 11β-HSD2 converts cortisol to cortisone. Increasing evidence in humans and experimental animals suggests that altered tissue cortisol metabolism may predispose to diabetes mellitus (DM). Once DM is established, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia may further maintain the abnormal metabolism of cortisol. To gain further insight in this regard, healthy cats were infused for 10 d with lipids (n = 6) or saline (n = 5). At the end of the infusion period, tissue samples from adipose tissue (visceral, subcutaneous), liver, and muscle were collected to determine mRNA expression of 11β-HSD1, 11β-HSD2, and GC receptor by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; blood samples were collected to determine plasma cortisol and leptin concentrations. Lipid infusion resulted in greater 11β-HSD1 expression and lower GC receptor expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and lower 11β-HSD2 expression in visceral adipose tissue and liver. Plasma cortisol did not differ. Leptin and body weight increased in lipid-infused cats. In spite of comparable circulating cortisol levels, up-regulation of 11β-HSD1 and down-regulation of 11β-HSD2 expression may result in increased tissue cortisol concentrations in fat depots of hyperlipidemic cats. Down-regulation of GC receptor may represent a self-protective mechanism against increased tissue cortisol levels. In conclusion, hyperlipidemia has a profound effect on 11β-HSD expression and supports the connection between high lipid concentrations and tissue cortisol metabolism
- …
