1,720,958 research outputs found
A comparative study on high-temperature air oxidation of Cr-coated E110 zirconium alloy deposited by magnetron sputtering and electroplating
Get PDFChromium coatings were deposited either by magnetron sputtering and electroplating on E110 zirconium alloy. The as-deposited Cr coatings showed dense microstructure, but different mechanical properties and adhesion behavior depending on the deposition technology. High-temperature oxidation was performed in air at 1100 °C for 40 min. The magnetron-deposited coatings had a stable oxidation behavior which was improved by increasing coating thickness. Surface activation of E110 alloy prior to Cr electroplating resulted in formation of the interlayer with a thickness of 7–12 μm between the coating and the alloy containing hydride and fluoride phases. It was shown that cracks and defects in this interlayer of the electroplated Cr coatings affected the coating adhesion and resulted in lower oxidation resistance compared to the magnetron-deposited coatings
Hot target magnetron sputtering for ferromagnetic films deposition
No full textThis work is an investigation on the operation parameters for Ni films deposition by magnetron sputtering from target working at temperatures higher than the Curie temperature due to magnetic phase transition of the sputtered target, which is partial heat-insulated from the water-cooled magnetron body. The ferro- to paramagnetic transition of the target results in decrease of discharge voltage and rise of discharge current. Thereby, discharge power increases under voltage control mode or hot Ni target sputtering can occur at lower pressures under power control mode. Heating of the Ni target and its ferro- to paramagnetic transition leads to stabilization of the discharge parameters. The changes of the discharge current and power decreased from 10.5% to 2.5% during a single sputtering process under voltage control mode. Moreover, a slight increase of the deposition rates of 20...25% was determined, when hot target sputtering was performed. The XRD assessment showed that Ni films deposited by hot target sputtering have a textured crystal structure with larger grain sizes and lower residual stresses in comparison with cooled Ni target sputtering. When passing from cooled to hot target sputtering, the type of film growth changes from zone 1 to zone T, and surface roughness of Ni films decreased
A comparative study on the properties of chromium coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering with hot and cooled target
No full textThis article reports on the analysis of energy flux density to the substrate and results of the detailed study of properties of Cr coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering with hot and cooled Cr targets. It was demonstrated that deposition rates of Cr films increase and particle flow density on the substrate changes by target sublimation. Heat radiation of the hot target leads to more rapid heating of the substrate and this energy flux has a main contribution in enhancement of total energy flux density on the substrate (from 0.06 to 0.43 W/cm2). As consequence, energy per deposited atom increases in 5.8 times for the hot Cr target sputtering even taking into account higher deposition rates. Cr films deposited by the cooled target sputtering have a (110) crystal texture, columnar microstructure, low surface roughness (∼2.66 nm) and hardness from 13.8 to 14.2 GPa. In the case of the hot target sputtering, the competitive crystal growth of (110) and (200) directions is observed, microstructure of the Cr films is denser and homogeneous, grain size increases up to 200–300 nm and film surface becomes coarse (Ra ∼11.75 nm), hardness of the Cr films drops by a factor of about 2
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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