1,721,057 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Relationships between ozone and particles during air pollution episodes in arid continental climate
No full textFor human health, tropospheric ozone (O3), particles (PM2.5 and PM10, particles with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 and 10 μm), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most harmful air pollutants. We have investigated the simultaneity of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 occurrence by using data from 21 ground-based monitoring stations in a megacity of the Middle East, Tehran (Iran), between 2011 and 2022. In Tehran, the daily PM2.5 (21–45 μg m−3), PM10 (52–108 μg m−3) and NO2 (75–146 μg m−3) mean concentrations have largely exceeded the 24-h limit value established by the 2021 World Health Organization for the protection of human health, i.e., 15, 45 and 25 μg m−3, respectively, in particular for NO2. The ground-level daily O3 concentrations ranged from 26 to 47 μg m−3. Changes in aerosols burden (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10) affect surface O3 through changes in aerosol chemistry and photolysis rates. Following the dust events and for the days with PM2.5 and PM10 exceeding 50 and 100 μg m−3, respectively, we observed a reduction of surface O3 levels (- 30.0% and - 13.5%), concurrently to surface NO2 (+27.9% and +16.6%) levels increases compared to the non-dusty clear-sky days over Tehran city. Surface O3 formation is suppressed under high particulate matter (PM) levels in the atmosphere, in particular PM2.5, likely due to weakened photochemical reactions (lower solar radiation and air temperature), dilution effect, and heterogeneous chemical processes occurring onto the PM2.5 surface (reactive uptake of nitrogen oxides, NOx, and hydrogen oxide radicals, HOx). To achieve O3-PM co-improvement in cities, we recommend reductions in NOx emissions concurrently with significant reductions in PM and Volatile Organic Compounds emissions, for instance by suitable greening and re-naturing programs
Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and impacts on health in Rome, Italy
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on residents of Rome, Italy in terms of ischemic heart diseases (IHD), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), lung cancer (LC), stroke and the number of working days lost (WDL). Methods: In this study, we estimated human health impacts from long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 through application of linear RR and integrated exposure-response (IER) functions and the AirQ + software. Results: In 2014, on average 1189, 348, 43, 301 and 387 cases of IHD, COPD, LC, stroke and WDL, respectively could be avoided in Rome if the annual mean PM2.5 concentration was reduced from 15.6 to 10.0 μg m−3. In 2014, 27.67% of IHD, 15.9% of COPD, 9.5% of LC, 19.9% of stroke as well as 2.5% of WDL are attributed to the long-term exposure to PM2.5 concentrations exceeding 10 μg m−3. Conclusion: This may be achieved through adoption of stringent air pollution regulations and sustainable city planning. Increase in urban green infrastructures and improving road transportation will reduce PM2.5 levels in urban environment, thereby safeguarding human health from air pollution and improving citizens’ well-being
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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