1,721,005 research outputs found
Features of cerebral small-vessel disease and their association with long-term outcome in ischaemic stroke patients
No full textCerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD) is a common disease causing slowly progressive disability and earlier death. In CSVD, the destruction of subcortical networks leads to cognitive impairment, mood disorders, gait instability, and motor deficits. All those weaken the ability to be independent of help. Imaging features of CSVD can be visible on brain scans years before the first clinical symptoms. The imaging features are: cerebral white matter lesions (WML), cerebral microbleeds (CMB), perivascular spaces, brain atrophy, and lacunar infarcts.
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the features of cerebral small-vessel disease and their association with long-term outcome in ischaemic stroke patients.
The six publications were sub-studies of the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory (SAM) study. The SAM cohort consists of 486 consecutive patients aged 55 to 85 years with ischaemic stroke who were admitted to Helsinki University Central Hospital. At 3 months, comprehensive clinical, neuropsychological, psychiatric, and radiological data were acquired. The cohort had a follow-up 21 years later using extensive national registers.
The findings of the six publications can be summarised as follows:
In post-stroke patients, the presence of WMLs was an indicator of ischaemic stroke recurrence up to 5 years after a first-ever ischaemic stroke and indicated a high risk of serious traumatic injuries, especially hip fractures requiring hospital treatment. After ischaemic stroke, patients with severe WMLs spent fewer days at home and became permanently institutionalised earlier, especially within the first 5 years.
In post-stroke patients, depression and especially depression-executive dysfunction syndrome were associated with a shorter interval to ischaemic stroke recurrence. Post-stroke dementia predicted the recurrence of ischaemic stroke at the long-term follow-up. Post-stroke dementia was a robust predictor of institutionalisation. Imaging and clinical features of CSVD were associated with unfavourable outcome events, like earlier recurrent stroke, traumatic injuries, and earlier permanent institutionalisation.Aivojen pienten suonten tauti on yleinen tauti, joka aiheuttaa hitaasti etenevää haittaa ja ennenaikaista kuolemaa. Pienten suonten taudissa subkortikaalisten verkkojen rappeutuminen johtaa kognitiivisiin häiriöihin, mielialahäiriöihin, tasapainovaikeuksiin ja motoorisiin puutosoireisiin. Kaikki nämä heikentävät omatoimisuutta. Pienten suonten taudin kuvantamislöydökset voivat näkyä aivokuvantamisessa jo vuosia ennen ensimmäisiä kliinisiä oireita. Kuvantamislöydökset ovat seuraavat: aivojen valkean aineen muutokset, aivojen mikrovuodot, perivaskulaaritilat, aivojen atrofia ja lakunaariset infarktit.
Tämä väitöskirjatyön tavoitteena oli, tutkia aivoverenkierron sairauksien ominaisuuksia ja niiden yhteyttä pitkäaikaisennusteeseen potilailla, joilla on ollut iskeeminen aivoinfarkti.
Väitöskirjan kuusi osatyöt olivat osa laajaa Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory (SAM)-tutkimusta. SAM-kohortti koostuu 486 perättäisestä 55–85-vuotiaasta Helsingin yliopistolliseen sairaalaan potilaista, joilla oli iskeeminen aivohalvaus. Kolmen kuukauden kohdalla tehtiin kertaalleen kattavia kliinisiä, neuropsykologisia, psykiatrisia ja radiologisia tutkimuksia. Kohorttia seurattiin 21 vuotta käyttäen hoitoilmoitusjärjestelmää, perusterveydenhuollon ja erikoissairaanhoidon potilastietojärjestelmiä, väestörekisterikeskuksen tietoja, ja kaupungin laitoshoitopäätöstietoja.
Kuuden osatöiden tiivistetyt tulokset olivat:
Potilailla, joilla oli aivohalvaus, valkean aineen muutokset ennustivat iskeemisen aivohalvauksen uusiutumisen jopa viiden vuoden ajan ensimmäisen iskeemisen aivohalvauksen jälkeen ja valkean aineen muutoksiin liittyi suurentunut riski saada sairaalahoitoa vaativia vakavia traumaattisia vammoja, erityisesti lonkkamurtumia. Iskeemisen aivohalvauksen jälkeen potilaat, joilla oli runsaasti valkean aineen muutoksia, viettivät vähemmän päiviä kotona ja joutuivat aikaisemmin pysyvään laitoshoitoon, erityisesti viiden ensimmäisen vuoden aikana.
Potilailla, joilla oli aivohalvaus, masennus ja erityisesti syndrooma jossa sekä masennus että heikentynyt toiminnanohjaus masennussyndrooma ennustivat aikaisempaa iskeemisen aivohalvauksen uusiutumista. Aivohalvauksen jälkeinen dementia ennustaa iskeemisen aivohalvauksen toistumista pitkäaikaisessa seurannassa. Aivohalvauksen jälkeinen dementia ennusti pysyvää laitoshoitoa.
Pienten suonten taudin kliiniset ja radiologiset ilmentymät ennustivat epäsuotuisia lopputulemia, kuten aikaisempaa aivohalvauksen uusiutumista, traumaattisia vammoja ja aikaisempaa pysyvään laitoshoitoon joutumista.ei saavutettav
EndoVAscular treatment and ThRombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Patients (EVA-TRISP) registry: basis and methodology of a pan-European prospective ischaemic stroke revascularisation treatment registry
No full textPurpose The Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients (TRISP) collaboration was a concerted effort initiated in 2010 with the purpose to address relevant research questions about the effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). The collaboration also aims to prospectively collect data on patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) and hence the name of the collaboration was changed from TRISP to EVA-TRISP. The methodology of the former TRISP registry for patients treated with IVT has already been published. This paper focuses on describing the EVT part of the registry. Participants All centres committed to collecting predefined variables on consecutive patients prospectively. We aim for accuracy and completeness of the data and to adapt local databases to investigate novel research questions. Herein, we introduce the methodology of a recently constructed academic investigator-initiated open collaboration EVT registry built as an extension of an existing IVT registry in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Findings to date Currently, the EVA-TRISP network includes 20 stroke centres with considerable expertise in EVT and maintenance of high-quality hospital-based registries. Following several successful randomised controlled trials (RCTs), many important clinical questions remain unanswered in the (EVT) field and some of them will unlikely be investigated in future RCTs. Prospective registries with high-quality data on EVT-treated patients may help answering some of these unanswered issues, especially on safety and efficacy of EVT in specific patient subgroups. Future plans This collaborative effort aims at addressing clinically important questions on safety and efficacy of EVT in conditions not covered by RCTs. The TRISP registry generated substantial novel data supporting stroke physicians in their daily decision making considering IVT candidate patients. While providing observational data on EVT in daily clinical practice, our future findings may likewise be hypothesis generating for future research as well as for quality improvement (on EVT). The collaboration welcomes participation of further centres willing to fulfill the commitment and the outlined requirements.Purpose The Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients (TRISP) collaboration was a concerted effort initiated in 2010 with the purpose to address relevant research questions about the effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). The collaboration also aims to prospectively collect data on patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) and hence the name of the collaboration was changed from TRISP to EVA-TRISP. The methodology of the former TRISP registry for patients treated with IVT has already been published. This paper focuses on describing the EVT part of the registry. Participants All centres committed to collecting predefined variables on consecutive patients prospectively. We aim for accuracy and completeness of the data and to adapt local databases to investigate novel research questions. Herein, we introduce the methodology of a recently constructed academic investigator-initiated open collaboration EVT registry built as an extension of an existing IVT registry in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Findings to date Currently, the EVA-TRISP network includes 20 stroke centres with considerable expertise in EVT and maintenance of high-quality hospital-based registries. Following several successful randomised controlled trials (RCTs), many important clinical questions remain unanswered in the (EVT) field and some of them will unlikely be investigated in future RCTs. Prospective registries with high-quality data on EVT-treated patients may help answering some of these unanswered issues, especially on safety and efficacy of EVT in specific patient subgroups. Future plans This collaborative effort aims at addressing clinically important questions on safety and efficacy of EVT in conditions not covered by RCTs. The TRISP registry generated substantial novel data supporting stroke physicians in their daily decision making considering IVT candidate patients. While providing observational data on EVT in daily clinical practice, our future findings may likewise be hypothesis generating for future research as well as for quality improvement (on EVT). The collaboration welcomes participation of further centres willing to fulfill the commitment and the outlined requirements
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
