1,721,328 research outputs found
Han lin shuo chang zhuan ji dai
No full textLive recording.Possibly reproduced from other commercial recording or radio broadcast (Pending for review)Electronic reproduction from Rulan Chao Pian Betamax collection.Performing group: 漢霖民俗說唱藝術團.Sung in Chinese.Performing group: han lin min su shuo chang yi shu tuan
Shuo Chang (说唱): Giving voice to and through Xinyao (新谣), a musical practice in Singapore
No full textSinging – as a natural human expressive outlet – is a phenomenon both assumed and understated and a few reasons are offered to account for this ambivalence. First, the act/tivity understood as ‘singing’ disguises its psychoacoustic reality as ‘voiced sounds’ (Sundberg 1991) as well as its secondary biological function (Vennard 1967, p. 37) in human endowment. Secondly, as sound ‘personifies’ (Ihde 2007, p. 21), ‘voiced sounds’ personify the confluence of individual and social identities. Finally, as a combination of sonorous and lyrical textuality, ‘voiced sounds’ interpret sonorous outcomes such that words, vowels, and phonemes are so many ways of singing the world (Merleau-Ponty 2004, p. 217).
Our study of新谣 (Xinyao) as a musical practice in Singapore (Groves 2001) examines the assertions of singing ‘as a natural human expressive outlet’. Following the accounts of a prominent voice in the practice for whom singing is 说唱 (shuo chang) – speech singing, we suggest an understanding of shuo chang first as voiced sounds and second as a practice involving voiced sounds.
Much of the research material for this paper was obtained with funds from a research grant awarded by the National Arts Council of Singapore in 2002.Published versio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Benefit of Using Contactless Smart Card for Parking Fee Collection
No full text非接觸式智慧卡在交通運輸系統應用範疇日漸廣泛，以台北市為例，悠遊卡自民國91年6月發行以來，使用範圍從台北捷運、聯營公車及路外停車收費，拓展至計程車收費與路邊停車收費。就停車收費而言，目前路外停車場已有超過20,000個格位使用悠遊卡票證系統，而路邊停車場則有3,000個格位使用悠遊卡計時器。然而，過去鮮少有文獻針對停車收費使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益進行量化分析與研究，故本研究將從使用者、社會環境與經營管理者三方面探討路外與路邊停車場使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益狀況。
本研究依據台北市停車收費現況建立使用非接觸式智慧卡之成本效益評估項目與計算公式，其中路外停車場使用者效益項目包括時間節省效益、燃料使用節省效益，而時間節省效益還可分為進出口時間節省效益、繳費時間節省效益；社會環境效益則僅考慮空氣污染成本節省效益；經營管理者效益則包含建置成本、營運成本與業外收益。至於路邊停車場則僅針對經營管理者部分作量化分析，其成本效益項目包含設置成本、營運成本、業外損失與營運收益。
本研究計算停車收費使用悠遊卡現況之總效益，其中路外停車場小汽車使用悠遊卡可獲得正效益，而對機車而言亦為正效益。路外停車場效益對象中，以使用者可獲得最多效益，其中又以使用者繳費時間節省效益所佔比例最高。若路外停車收費全面使用單一悠遊卡系統，則小汽車或者機車之總效益皆為正效益。本研究計算路邊停車場經營管理者使用悠遊卡現況之總效益，其計算結果亦為正效益，其效益來源為收銀人力釋出所創造之額外營收。The application of contactless smart card in transportation field is more and more general. Take Taipei City for example, the application field of contactless smart card expands from MRT, bus and off-street parking lots to the taxi and curb parking lots. For parking fee collection, there are over 20,000 off-street parking sections and 3,000 curb parking sections using contactless smart card for fee collection. However, there are only few references to research and analyze the quantification benefit of using contactless smart card for parking fee collection; therefore, the thesis will analyze the benefit of using contackless smart card for off-street parking lot and curb parking lot fee collection from the user, the socialenvironment and the operator.
The thesis built up benefit items and calculation formulas for using contactless smart card for parking fee collection. In the part of off-street parking lot, the user benefit contains entering and exiting time saving benefit and paying time saving benefit. The social environment benefit only considers the air pollution cost saving. The operator benefit contains building cost saving benefit, operating cost saving benefit, and non-operating revenue benefit. In the part of curb parking lot, the operator benefit contains building cost saving benefit, operating saving benefit,non-operating cost saving benefit, and operating revenue benefit.
The thesis calculates the total benefit of using contactless smart card for parking fee collection. The total benefit of car users in the off-street parking lot is positive and the benefit of motorcycle users is positive, too. The users obtain the highest benefit in all benefit objects. The paying time saving benefit of users is the highest benefit item. If using fully contactless smart card system for parking fee collection, the total benefit is positive and higher then present state. The total benefit of curb parking lot is also positive. The benefit comes from the revenue added from the released corn collection staffs.致謝 i
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究範圍 2
1.4研究流程 2
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1智慧卡發展 7
2.1.1智慧卡緣起與種類 7
2.1.2非接觸式智慧卡特性 9
2.2非接觸式智慧卡效益 11
2.2.1使用者部分 11
2.2.2社會環境部分 15
2.2.3經營管理者部分 16
2.2.4小結 19
2.3停車場收費管理相關研究 19
2.3.1停車場分類與收費系統組成 19
2.3.2路外與路邊停車收費管理相關研究 23
2.4國內、外停車收費使用非接觸式智慧卡案例分析 25
2.5小結 33
第三章 研究方法與現況分析 35
3.1成本效益分析概念 35
3.2路外停車場現況與非接觸式智慧卡效益分析概念 39
3.2.1路外停車場現況 39
3.2.2非接觸式智慧卡應用於路外停車場停車收費之效益分析 42
3.3路邊停車場現況與非接觸式智慧卡效益分析概念 55
3.3.1路邊停車場現況 55
3.3.2非接觸式智慧卡應用於路邊停車場停車收費之效益分析 57
3.3.3小結 67
第四章 成本效益計算公式之建構 69
4.1路外停車場成本效益計算公式 69
4.1.1使用者效益 69
4.1.2社會環境效益 84
4.1.3經營管理者 87
4.2路邊停車場成本效益計算公式 92
第五章 個案分析 99
5.1路外停車場個案分析 99
5.1.1商業區型路外停車場－峨嵋立體停車場 99
5.1.2住宅區型路外停車場－龍門國中地下停車場 112
5.1.3混合使用型路外停車場－中山堂地下停車場 120
5.1.4個案比較與效益推估 126
5.1.5敏感度分析 132
5.2路邊停車場個案分析 137
5.2.1路邊停車場現況 137
5.2.2路邊停車場使用悠遊卡計時器現況效益計算 138
5.3各系統效益比較 140
第六章 結論與建議 143
6.1結論 143
6.2建議 145
參考文獻 147
圖 目 錄
圖1.1 研究流程 5
圖2.1 停車場分類 20
圖3.1 交通運輸系統影響對象 35
圖3.2 經濟效益評估流程 37
圖3.3 路外停車場悠遊卡使用率現況 40
圖3.4 使用者進場流程 45
圖3.5 使用者出場流程 46
圖3.6 使用者繳費流程 47
圖4.1 停車場入口等候過程 71
圖4.2 使用者效益計算流程 84
圖5.1 峨嵋立體停車場小汽車使用率 100
圖5.2 峨嵋立體停車場機車停車使用率 101
圖5.3 峨嵋立體停車場平日小汽車到達率 102
圖5.4 峨嵋立體停車場平日小汽車 102
圖5.5 峨嵋立體停車場假日小汽車到達率 102
圖5.6 峨嵋立體停車場假日小汽車離開率 102
圖5.7 峨嵋立體停車場平日機車到達率 103
圖5.8 峨嵋立體停車場平日機車離開率 103
圖5.9 峨嵋立體停車場平日機車到達率 103
圖5.10 峨嵋立體停車場假日機車離開率 103
圖5.11 平日小汽車使用者時間節省效益及到達率與離開率 105
圖5.12 假日小汽車使用者時間節省效益及到達率與離開率 105
圖5.13 平日機車使用者進出口時間節省效率及到達率與離開率 106
圖5.14 假日機車使用者進出口時間節省效率及到達率與離開率 106
圖5.15 龍門國中地下停車場平日與假日小汽車停車使用率 113
圖5.16 龍門國中地下停車場平日與假日小汽車停車使用率 114
圖5.17 龍門國中地下停車場平日小汽車到達率 114
圖5.18 龍門國中地下停車場平日小汽車離開率 115
圖5.19 龍門國中地下停車場假日小汽車到達率 115
圖5.20 龍門國中地下停車場平日小汽車離開率 115
圖5.21 平日小汽車使用者進出口時間節省效益及到達率與離開率 116
圖5.22 假日小汽車使用者進出口時間節省效益及到達率與離開率 117
圖5.23 中山堂地下停車場小汽車使用率 121
圖5.24 中山堂地下停車場小汽車到達率 122
圖5.25 中山堂地下停車場小汽車離開率 122
圖5.26 小汽車使用者進出口時間節省效益及到達率與離開率 123
圖5.27 時間價值對總效益值影響比較 133
圖5.28 時間價值對總效益比例影響比較 134
圖5.29 自動收費機平均服務時間對總效益值影響比較 135
圖5.30 自動收費機平均服務時間對總效益比例影響比較 135
圖5.31 進出口平均服務時間對總效益值影響比較 136
圖5.32 進出口平均服務時間對總效益比例影響比較 137
表 目 錄
表2.1 付費媒介之優缺點比較 11
表2.2 非接觸式智慧卡使用者效益 12
表2.3 非接觸式智慧卡使用者時間節省效益整理 13
表2.4 非接觸式智慧卡使用者燃料節省效益整理 14
表2.5 悠遊卡滿意度相關研究比較 15
表2.6 空氣污染節省效益整理 16
表2.7 經營管理者效益整理 17
表2.8 經營者行車人員成本節省效益整理 18
表2.9 經營者票證處理人事成本節省效益整理 18
表2.10 國內外停車收費應用智慧卡之城市 25
表2.11 台北市歷年路邊停車收費管理沿革 29
表2.12 香港八達通卡計時器計費方式 31
表2.13 香港八達通卡與台北悠遊卡路邊停車計時收費方式比較 33
表3.1 方案評估方法整理 38
表3.2 台北市公有路外停車場收費方式與場數 39
表3.3 停車場進出口服務設施容量 42
表3.4 票證系統設備整理 51
表3.5 路外停車收費經營者成本效益整理 53
表3.6 非接觸式智慧卡對政府效益之分析 53
表3.7 台北市路邊停車場收費方式與格位統計 56
表3.8 路邊停車收費方式比較 58
表3.9 路邊收費系統設備成本整理 62
表3.10 路邊停車收費經營者成本效益整理 66
表4.1 等候理論輸入參數與輸出結果 72
表4.2 停車場入口等候系統輸入參數 72
表4.3 路外停車場進出口服務單元平均服務率與平均服務時間 74
表4.4 使用者時間價值 75
表4.5 各車種乘載率與佔有率 76
表4.6 平均承載率 76
表4.7 自動收費機等候系統輸入參數與輸出結果 79
表4.8 路外停車場自動收費機平均服務率與平均服務時間 80
表4.9 民國95年燃料使用效率與車種佔有率 81
表4.10 燃料使用轉換係數 81
表4.11 能源價格指數與燃料價格調整係數 83
表4.12 燃料使用量轉換係數 86
表4.13 空氣污染成本轉換係數值 87
表4.14 民國87年每單位燃料負擔空氣污染防制支出 87
表4.15 票證系統設備成本比例比較 89
表4.16 票證系統設備平均每年每格設置成本 89
表4.17 票證系統設備平均每年每格維護成本 90
表4.18 平均每年每格清分費用 91
表4.19 平均每年每格新卡銷售與加值服務佣金 91
表4.20 平均每年每格加值機場租收益 92
表4.21 平均每年每格代人工加值手續費收益 92
表4.22 路邊停車場每年每停車格經營者建置成本整理 94
表4.23 讀錶與收銀人員成本 95
表4.24 收銀車輛營運維護成本 95
表4.25 內控作業成本 96
表4.26 平均每年每停車格所需支付新卡銷售與加值服務佣金 97
表4.27 人力釋出效益 97
表5.1 峨嵋立體停車場基本資料 100
表5.2 峨嵋立體停車場平均悠遊卡使用率 101
表5.3 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位使用者效益 104
表5.4 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位使用者效益 104
表5.5 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位社會環境效益 107
表5.6 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位社會環境效益 107
表5.7 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位經營者效益 108
表5.8 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位經營者效益 109
表5.9 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位總效益 110
表5.10 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位總效益 110
表5.11 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位正負效益比較 111
表5.12 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位正負效益比較 111
表5.13 龍門國中地下停車場基本資料 113
表5.14 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位使用者效益 116
表5.15 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位社會環境效益 117
表5.16 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位經營者效益 118
表5.17 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位總效益 119
表5.18 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位正負效益比較 119
表5.19 中山堂地下停車場基本資料 121
表5.20 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位使用者效益 123
表5.20 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位社會環境效益 124
表5.21 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位經營者效益 124
表5.22 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位總效益 125
表5.23 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位正負效益比較 125
表5.24 個案分析停車場總效益與營運狀況整理 127
表5.25 個案分析停車場每年每小汽車停車格正負效益比較 129
表5.26 情境分析成本效益項目整理 130
表5.27 峨嵋立體停車場每年每小汽車格位之悠遊卡效益 131
表5.28 峨嵋立體停車場每年每機車格位之悠遊卡效益 131
表5.29 龍門國中地下停車場每年每小汽車格位之悠遊卡效益 131
表5.30 中山堂地下停車場每年每小汽車格位之悠遊卡效益 132
表5.31 情境分析結果整理 132
表5.32 敏感度分析時間價值參數 133
表5.33 路邊停車場每年每格經營者效益 139
表5.34 路邊停車場使用悠遊卡計時器前後成本比例對照 140
表5.35 各系統使用悠遊卡效益總值與比例 14
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
