249 research outputs found
Etnolingvistychne vyvchennja narodnoji kul'tury i problema definijuvannja
No full textETHNOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF SLAVIC FOLK CULTURE: THE PROBLEM OF DEFINITION; Aleksey Yudin; The article concerns problems which occur when so-called "cognitive definition" is used in analyses of modern discourses. In the first part of the article a historical survey of the development of Western and Eastern versions of Ethnolinguistics has been given. Attention was paid to the methodology used by Jerzy Bartmiński, the founder of the idea of the "cognitive definition". The influence of discourse on the semantics of ideologically important lexemes is shown. The author also examines other methodological questions which occur during the preparation of a contrastive axiological dictionary, and particularly the levels of analysis of textual material
Means of Creating the Media Image of a Candidate to the Post of Mayor through Contextual Argumentation (on the materials of the texts about the 2018–2019 elections in Moscow, Vilnius and Belgrade)
No full textIn political cultures of a number of countries, the creation of a politician’s media image is based on the fundamental principle of his/her work being formulated as the achievement of the goal of ensuring a nation’s well-being and a country’s development. The present article demonstrates concrete similarities and differences discernible in the construction of a politician’s media image in the Russian, Lithuanian and Serbian media discourses from a rhetorical perspective. The methodological basis of the investigation is provided by the ideas of the new rhetoric and Ch. Perelman and L. Olbrechts-Tyteca’s assumption concerning the fact that the speaker’s ideas are accepted (or not accepted) by the audience not depending on the degree of the strictness of logical propositions and conclusions, but rather on the fact of whether the hearers have adhered to the grounds given by the speaker. Consequently, a researcher analysing the ways text influences the consciousness of those receiving it may identify shared truths and value judgements. On the basis of the analysis of contextual argumentation used for the creation of the media image of the candidates for the post of mayor in the three media discourses, an attempt to establish shared truths and values as well as certain regularities in the process of media image creation characteristic of the Russian, Lithuanian and Serbian media discourses has been made
The right to keep and bear arms in the United States: State Courts precedents in the 19th century
No full textFrom Paradise to a Graveyard: Aleksey N. Tolstoy’s Representations of Places Between Literary and Ideological Discourses
No full textDer Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Darstellung und Rolle von europäischen Städten in ausgewähltenTexten des neo-realistischen russischen Autors Aleksej Nikolaevič Tolstoj, einem prominentenAkteur der russischen bzw. sowjetischen Literatur zwischen 1910 und 1945. Je mehrsich der Autor in seinen Texten mit Fragen nationaler Identität auseinandersetzt, umso wichtigerwerden seine Begegnungen mit anderen Kulturen, da sie ihm ermöglichen – oder ihnauch dazu zwingen, Russland aus der Perspektive eines Außenstehenden zu betrachten. DerFokus des Beitrags liegt deshalb auf Reisen Tolstojs nach Deutschland und Frankreich zwischen1908 und 1935. Die Darstellung der von Tolstoj besuchten europäischen Städte reicht dabeivon ausdrücklich subjektiven Beschreibungen, über die Bezugnahme auf literarische Topoi, bishin zur Instrumentalisierung für geo-kulturelle Ziele im sowjetischen Kontext. Im Laufe der Jahrewird ein deutlicher Wandel sichtbar: Der zunächst als produktiv wahrgenommene Kontaktmit europäischen Kulturen schlägt in eine tiefgreifende Entfremdung um. Allerdings erhält sichTolstoj in einigen privaten Texten einen gewissen „Bewegungsspielraum“, um eine andere Sichtauf Europa zum Ausdruck zu bringen als in seinen offiziellen Texten. Als theoretischer Rahmender Analyse dient Detlev Ipsens Definition von „Orten“ als Schnittpunkte individueller Wahrnehmungund kultureller Deutung. Die Synthese der Erfahrungsebene mit dem symbolischenPotenzial von Orten ist nicht zuletzt für die Anwendbarkeit auf sowohl literarische wie auchdokumentarische Texte wichtig. Der Begriff „Geokulturologie“ im Anschluss an Susanne Frankermöglicht dabei eine Annäherung an den Wandel von Tolstojs Sicht auf die besuchten Orte.The contribution explores the significance of European locations in the writings of Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1883–1945), a neo-realist writer and prominent figure between 1910 and 1945 of Russian respectively Soviet literature. The more the author deals with questions of national identity in his writings, the more important become his encounters with other cultures, as they give him the chance – or force him – to glance at Russia from an outside point of view. Presenting some of the author’s journeys to Germany and France between 1908 and 1935, this contribution demonstrates how his topographies of the visited European cities oscillate between explicitly subjective descriptions, references to literary topoi and an instrumentalisation for geo-cultural purposes in the Soviet context: Over the years, the first, allegedly productive encounter with European cultures changes into an experience of deep estrangement combined with the claim of the Soviet Union’s cultural superiority. Yet, there are other texts that give Aleksey Tolstoy “room for manoeuvre” to express a much more personal view on Europe than in his official writings. The theoretical framework of the analysis is based on Detlef Ipsen’s definition of places, underlining both the concrete experiential character as well as the meaning-making potential of places. For tracing Tolstoy’s changing interpretation of the visited places, Susanne Frank’s works on geo-kulturologija and its relation to geopoetics gave important impulses
Electromechanical effect in freely suspended liquid crystal films
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Serguei V. Yablonskii, Toshiyasu Oue, Hidetaka Nambu, Aleksey S. Mikhailov, Masanori Ozaki, and Katsumi Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 64 (1999) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124325.Electromechanical effect in a freely suspended film based on 4-n-octyl-4´-cyanobiphenyl has been detected by means of light scattering at both the first and second harmonics of the exciting electric field. Experimental studies on voltage and frequency dependencies of the optical response are carried out. Organic solvent vapor is shown to strongly affect the electromechanical response. A feasible mechanism for the electromechanical effect is discussed
Despite its role in assembly, methionine 35 is not necessary for amyloid β-protein toxicity
No full textAuthor Manuscript 2011 June 1.An important component of the pathologic process underlying Alzheimer’s disease is oxidative stress. Met[superscript 35] in amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is prone to participating in redox reactions promoting oxidative stress, and therefore is believed to contribute significantly Aβ-induced toxicity. Thus, substitution of Met[superscript 35] by residues that do not participate in redox chemistry would be expected to decrease Aβ toxicity. Indeed, substitution of Met[superscript 35] by norleucine (Nle) was reported to reduce Aβ toxicity. Surprisingly, however, substitution of Met[superscript 35] by Val was reported to increase toxicity. Aβ toxicity is known to be strongly related to its self-assembly. However, neither substitution is predicted to affect Aβ assembly substantially. Thus, the effect of these substitutions on toxicity is difficult to explain. We revisited this issue and compared Aβ40 and Aβ42 with analogs containing Met[superscript 35]→Nle or Met[superscript 35]→Val substitutions using multiple biophysical and toxicity assays. We found that substitution of Met[superscript 35] by Nle or Val had moderate effects on Aβ assembly. Surprisingly, despite these effects, neither substitution changed Aβ neurotoxicity significantly in three different assays. These results suggest that the presence of Met[superscript 35] in Aβ is not important for Aβ toxicity, challenging to the prevailing paradigm, which suggests that redox reactions involving Met35 contribute substantially to Aβ-induced toxicity.Alzheimer's Association (Grant IIRG- 07-5833)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant AG027818
The Evolution of Music
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
Kovalius Tchemeris 2023, gen. nov.
No full textGenus Kovalius Tchemeris gen. nov. Type species: Kovalius logunovi sp. nov. fixed by monotypy in the present paper. http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B0AD6236-A517-477C-8BE4-786840205195 Diagnosis. Leiobuninae having the following characters: 1) body rounded, medium-sized, integument soft (Figs 1–2). 2) Supra-cheliceral lamella small, without armament. 3) Chelicerae normal, medium sized, first segment with ventral spine (Figs 5–6). 4) Рedipalps with setae only (Fig. 3), patellae with distinctly pronounced inner apophysis exceeding half the length of the patellae, tibiae with small inner distal apophysis (Figs 3, 7), tarsal claw toothed (Fig. 4). 5) Coxae smooth, with setae only, without rows of denticles or tubercles near anterior and posterior margins (Fig. 2), femora I and III thickened, femora I especially thickened and more heavily armored than other legs (Figs 1–2), all legs covered with trichomes, tibia of legs II with 4–5 pseudosegments; 6) Penis structure unique (Figs 8–10) and described in detail in Table 1. 7) Coloration characteristic for Leiobuninae (Figs 1–2). Relationships. To date, only two species of Nelima from the cave west and the North-West Caucasus only two representatives of Leiobuninae belonging to the genus Nelima Roewer, 1910 were known: N. doriae (Canestrini, 1871) and N. pontica Charitonov, 1941. The new genus Kovalius is a member of the subfamily Leiobuninae and is close related to the genus Nelima, and can be distinguished by the characters as follows: pedipalps with inner apophysis on patellae and tibiae, femora I noticeably thickened and more heavily armed than other legs, penis structure unique and strongly differs from Nelima (Table 1). Etymology. The new genus is named in honour of Dr. Alexander G. Koval, the Russian entomologist and biospeleologist (Saint Peterburg, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection), professional collector and author of a series of publications devoted to the cave fauna of the Caucasus and Crimea. Type species. Kovalius logunovi sp. nov.Published as part of Tchemeris, Aleksey N., 2023, Kovalius-a new genus of cave-dwelling harvestmen from the Caucasus (Opiliones Sclerosomatidae: Leiobuninae), pp. 486-494 in Zootaxa 5227 (4) on pages 486-487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/751898
Renovation and mereorganic continuity
No full textThe author clarifies nature of the property of merorganic continuity and demonstrates its applicability not only to the question of survival and personal identity, but also to the question of demarcation of reconstruction and restoration. The author also responds to the remarks and criticisms of Roman Kochnev and Konstantin Morozov related to the publication of his previous article
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