1,721,797 research outputs found
An Alternative Approach to Measure HDI
Get PDFThe popularly known Human Development Index (HDI) is obtained through linear averaging (LA) of indices in three dimensions - health, education and standard of living. LA method assumes perfect substitutability among the indices. We question its appropriateness and propose an alternative measure, which is the inverse of the Euclidian distance from the ideal. Following Zeleny (1974), we refer to this, as the Displaced Ideal (DI) method. Through an axiomatic characterization, the paper shows that the advantages in the DI method are the following. Uniform, as against skewed, development is rewarded. Through an ideal path, it signals a future course of action. These signify that a given increment in any one dimension, with other dimensions remaining constant, has a greater significance for the index at a lower level than at a higher level. In other words, stagnancy in the dimension that has a lower value is more serious than stagnancy in other dimensions. Finally, an empirical illustration has been done by taking the statistics in Human Development Report 2006. We strongly propose that the DI method be considered over the LA method in the construction of HDI.Displaced ideal, Euclidian distance, Ideal point, Linear averaging, Uniform development
An Alternative approach to measure HDI
Get PDFThe popularly known Human Development Index (HDI) is obtained through linear averaging (LA) of indices in three dimensions - health, education and standard of living. LA method assumes perfect substitutability among the indices. We question its appropriateness and propose an alternative measure, which is the inverse of the Euclidian distance from the ideal. Following Zeleny (1974), we refer to this, as the Displaced Ideal (DI) method. Through an axiomatic characterization, the paper shows that the advantages in the DI method are the following. Uniform, as against skewed, development is rewarded. Through an ideal path, it signals a future course of action. These signify that a given increment in any one dimension, with other dimensions remaining constant, has a greater significance for the index at a lower level than at a higher level. In other words, stagnancy in the dimension that has a lower value is more serious than stagnancy in other dimensions. Finally, an empirical illustration has been done by taking the statistics in Human Development Report 2006. We strongly propose that the DI method be considered over the LA method in the construction of HDI.Displaced ideal, Euclidian distance, Ideal point, Linear averaging, Uniform development
An Interactive Java Program to Generate Hyperbolic
Get PDFUniversity of Minnesota M.S. thesis. July 2015. Major: Computer Science. Advisor: Douglas Dunham. 1 computer file (PDF); vii, 70 pages.Artists have created various repeating patterns and they have been absorbed into various cultures across the world as art. Notable are the works of the Dutch artist M.C. Escher who was most likely the first to create such artistic patterns. In an age without technology, he mastered these designs through the tedious and time consuming handiwork. Later, several attempts were made by the researchers to generate these patterns through sub-patterns, called motifs, repetitively through a computer algorithm. Currently there are two programs -- a C++ program and a Java application that recursively replicate and create these hyperbolic tessellations. The focus of this paper is to enhance and extend the existing Java application by providing interactive capabilities and adding more complex hyperbolic curves namely hyperbolic circles and horocycles. It enables user to load an existing data file or create a new data file that defines the sub-pattern and other required information pertaining to the design. The program will take that information and generate the repeating hyperbolic pattern for the user. The user can also modify the pattern by using the rich user interface and save it as a data file.Chittamuru, Shiva Kumar. (2015). An Interactive Java Program to Generate Hyperbolic. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/174751
Human Development Trends since 1970: A Social Convergence Story
Get PDFThis paper uses a unique data set of the Human Development Index to describe long-run human development trends for 111 countries, from 1970 to 2005. The first part of the paper shows trends by region, period and index subcomponent. We find that 110 of the 111 countries show progress in their HDI levels over a 35-year period. HDI growth is fastest for low-HDI and middle-HDI countries in the pre-1990 period. The life-expectancy and education subcomponents grow faster than income. The assessment of HDI progress is sensitive to choice of measurement. The second part of the paper focuses on the differences between income and non-income determinants of human development. First, HDI growth converges, both absolutely and conditionally, when running HDI growth rates on initial levels of HD. Second, we find that the income and non-income components of HDI change have a near-zero correlation. Third, we look at determinants of the non-income components of the HDI. We find that income is not a significant determinant of HDI change once we include urbanization, fertility and female schooling. Fourth, we test the effects of institutions, geography and gender on HDI growth. We find that the most robust predictors of HDI growth are fertility and female schooling. We check this result using years of women’s suffrage as an instrument for changes in gender relations, and find that it is a significant predictor of HDI progress for the whole sample.human development, education, health and demographic trends, cross-country comparisons, measurement and analysis of poverty
Inverse cascade of magnetic helicity in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Get PDFThe nonlinear dynamics of magnetic helicity HM, which is responsible for large-scale magnetic structure formation in electrically conducting turbulent media, is investigated in forced and decaying three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. This is done with the help of high-resolution direct numerical simulations and statistical closure theory. The numerically observed spectral scaling of HM is at variance with earlier work using a statistical closure model [ Pouquet et al. J. Fluid Mech. 77 321 (1976)]. By revisiting this theory, a universal dynamical balance relation is found that includes the effects of kinetic helicity as well as kinetic and magnetic energies on the inverse cascade of HM and explains the above-mentioned discrepancy. Consideration of the result in the context of mean-field dynamo theory suggests a nonlinear modification of the α-dynamo effect, which is important in the context of magnetic-field excitation in turbulent plasmas
Shiva kumar D,
No full textAbstract: The Mysore city is second largest growing city in Karnataka state, India. In recent days industrialization is growing in very faster rate than any other activities. Due to industrialization, the pollution load for water, air and soil has increasing day by day. To find out the heavymetal pollution from the industries which they have adopted for their production purposes we carried out the research work by dissolving the extracted soil sample in tri acid mixture method. In the present study it reveals that the heavymetals concentration is at the nearby maximum level. The results shows that iron level ranges from 2.5gm/kg to 6.7gm/kg, copper varies from 6.8mg/kg to 20.3mg/kg, chromium occur in range of 6.6mg/kg to 22.0mg/kg, whereas zinc found in range of 66mg/kg to 121 mg/kg and nickel was found in a range of 10mg/kg to 18.1mg/kg
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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