159 research outputs found
Interview with Lakshmi Raj Sharma, Author of The Tailor’s Needle
No full textInterview with Indian writer Lakshmi Raj Sharma, author of 'The Tailor's needle
Dilip Kumar: autor-aktor
No full textDilip Kumar has been praised for his sublime dialog delivery, for his restrained gestures, and for his measured and controlled underplay of emotions in tragic stories as well as in light-hearted comedies. His debut in 1944 with Jwar Bhata (Ebb and Tide) met with less-than-flattering reviews. So did the next three films until his 1948 film, Jugnu (Firefly), which brought him recognition and success. Unlike his contemporaries such as Raj Kapoor and Dev Anand, who propelled their careers by launching their own production companies, Dilip Kumar relied on his talent, his unique approach to characterization, and his immersion in the projects he undertook. In the course of his career that spanned six decades, Kumar made only 62 films. However, his work is a textbook for other actors that followed. Not only did he bring respectability to a profession that had been shunned by the upper classes in India as a profession for “pimps and prostitutes,” but he also elevated film-acting and filmmaking to an academic discipline, making him worthy of the title ‘Professor Emeritus of Acting’. Rooted in the theoretical framework of Howard S. Becker’s work on the “production of culture” and “doing things together,” this paper discusses Kumar’s approach to acting, character development, and the level of his involvement and commitment to each of his projects. The author of this article argues that more than the creative control as a producer or a director, it is the artistic involvement and commitment of the main actors that shape great works of art in cinema. Dilip Kumar demonstrated it repeatedly.Dilip Kumar był chwalony za wysublimowane prowadzenie dialogów, opanowaną gestykulację oraz za wyważone i kontrolowane wyrażanie emocji zarówno w opowieściach tragicznych, jak też w beztroskich komediach. Jego debiut w 1944 w Jwar Bhata (Odpływy i przypływy) spotkał się z niezbyt pochlebnymi recenzjami. Podobnie było z kolejnymi trzema filmami, aż do filmu Jugnu (Świetlik) z 1948 roku, który przyniósł mu uznanie i sukces. W przeciwieństwie do swoich rówieśników, jak Raj Kapoor iDev Anand, którzy napędzali kariery, uruchamiając własne firmy produkcyjne, Dilip Kumar polegał na swoim talencie, unikalnym podejściu do charakteryzacji i zaangażowaniu w projekty, których się podjął. W ciągu swojej sześćdziesięcioletniej kariery Kumar nakręcił tylko 62 filmy. Jednak jego praca jest podręcznikowa dla młodszych aktorów. Nie tylko przyniósł szacunek zawodowi aktora, traktowanemu przez indyjskie klasy wyższe jako zawód „alfonsów i prostytutek”, ale także podniósł aktorstwo filmowe i filmowanie do dyscypliny akademickiej, co uczyniło Kumara godnym tytułu emerytowanego profesora aktorstwa. Artykuł ten, zakorzeniony w ramach teoretycznych pracy Howarda S. Beckera nad „produkcją kultury” i „robieniem rzeczy razem”, omawia podejście Kumara do aktorstwa i rozwoju postaci oraz poziom jego zaangażowania w każdy ze swoich projektów. Autor tego artykułu przekonuje, że to artystyczne zaangażowanie i poświęcenie głównych aktorów kształtują wielkie dzieła sztuki w kinie bardziej niż kontrola twórcza producenta czy reżysera. Dilip Kumar wielokrotnie to zademonstrował
Social Indicators Research: A Retrospective Using Bibliometric Analysis
No full textSocial Indicators Research (SIR) publishes novel and groundbreaking research focusing on
social indicators related to quality of life and sustainability. Using bibliometrics, this study
aims to offer a retrospective of the major trends (e.g., publication, citation, and top contributing
authors, institutions, and countries) and intellectual structure of SIR. The retrospective
indicates that SIR, which has grown substantially in productivity and impact, attracts
contributions worldwide, notably from the USA, with 11 major themes revealed between
1974 and 2019. Using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression, this study also reveals
the factors that influence the citation count of SIR publications, namely article age, number
of author keywords, title novelty, title length, USA affiliation, and number of authors.
Noteworthily, this study, which represents the inaugural review of SIR, should be useful for
readers to gain rich insights into the state of research on social indicators related to quality
of life and sustainability
Gender and Public Spending on Education in Pakistan: A Case Study of Disaggregated Benefit Incidence
No full textIt is generally believed that education is one of the basic rights of every human being, irrespective of sex, age, creed, religion, etc. Moreover, the target of universal primary education cannot be achieved without female access to educational opportunities, which contains several external benefits. In addition, access to educational opportunities assumes prime importance for empowerment of women. However, inequalities in access to education between males and females can be found in many countries across the world including Pakistan. According to conventional wisdom, a combination of cultural, social, and economic factors are responsible for placing young girls and women at a serious disadvantage vis-a-vis access to school and the prospect of completing their education. This disadvantage can be altered through public policies including gender sensitive public spending on education. The above assertion about the role of public policy is based on the theory of public finance1, which demonstrates that public expenditure on education can affect the population in a number of ways, which has significant gender dimensions. For example, government spending on primary education is likely to generate more income for women than spending on universities, for the simple reason that there are relatively more women primary school teachers than women university lecturers. Moreover, these expenditures provide subsidized educational services, which is a form of “in kind transfers”. These “in-kind transfers” improve the current well-being of the recipients, and enhance their longer-run income-earning potential. They can be considered as both current and capital transfers to the recipients, and therefore can be termed as the “benefit incidence” of public spending. The main concern of this paper is to assess the gender dimension of the benefitincidence”. The tudy has two basic objectives. First and foremost, it aims to investigate which income group actually benefits from the government’s subsidized.
Biochar: a sustainable solution for solid waste management in agro-processing industries [Latest Articles]
No full textAuthor Impact Factor: tracking the dynamics of individual scientific impact
No full textThe impact factor (IF) of scientific journals has acquired a major role in the evaluations of the output of scholars, departments and whole institutions. Typically papers appearing in journals with large values of the IF receive a high weight in such evaluations. However, at the end of the day one is interested in assessing the impact of individuals, rather than papers. Here we introduce Author Impact Factor (AIF), which is the extension of the IF to authors. The AIF of an author A in year t is the average number of citations given by papers published in year t to papers published by A in a period of Δt years before year t. Due to its intrinsic dynamic character, AIF is capable to capture trends and variations of the impact of the scientific output of scholars in time, unlike the h-index, which is a growing measure taking into account the whole career path.Peer reviewe
International Trade Law: A Comprehensive E-Textbook, Volume 8 Growth, Development, and Poverty (6th Revised Edition)
No full textThis book is Volume Eight of an Eight-Volume set. All of the Volumes are available in KU ScholarWorks. Links to all eight volumes are available in the Abstracts file in this record.
About the Author:
Born in Toronto of Indian and Celtic heritage, Rakesh (Raj) Kumar Bhala is a dual Canadian-U.S. citizen prominent in the fields of International Trade Law, Islamic Law (Sharī‘a), and Law and Literature. Raj is a University Distinguished Professor at the University of Kansas, School of Law (KU Law). He is published widely world-wide – authoring over 100 scholarly articles and 13 books, including the International Trade Law Textbook, which has been used at over 100 law schools around the globe. Ingram’s Business Magazine designated him as one of “50 Kansans You Should Know.”
Raj has testified before the U.K. Parliament, House of Commons, International Trade Committee, on trade and human rights. Media frequently call upon Raj. Across 65 consecutive months (from January 2017-October 2022), “On Point” was his column on International Law and Economics, which Bloomberg Quint / BQ Prime (Mumbai) published and distributed to approximately 6.2 million readers globally.
Raj is a Harvard Law School (HLS) graduate (Cum Laude). As a Marshall Scholar, Raj earned two Master’s degrees, from the London School of Economics (LSE) in Economics, and from Oxford (Trinity College) in Management (Industrial Relations). His undergraduate degree is from Duke (Summa Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa), where he was an Angier B. Duke Scholar and double-majored in Economics and Sociology. After HLS, Raj practiced at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, where he twice won the President’s Award for Excellence thanks to his service as a delegate to the United Nations Conference on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), along with a Letter of Commendation from the U.S. Department of State. He is a member of the State Department’s Speaker Program.
Raj has served in officer positions at the International Bar Association (IBA) and Inter-Pacific Bar Association (IPBA), on the Executive Board of Directors of the Carriage Club of Kansas City (including as Treasurer), and been on the Alumni Association Board of the University School of Milwaukee (USM), his high school alma mater. He is grateful to his USM teachers for a liberal arts education that made all good things possible. Raj loves fitness training, has finished 115 marathons, including the “Big Five” of the “World’s Majors” (Boston twice, New York twice, Chicago twice, Berlin, and London). He enjoys studying Shakespeare and (especially since becoming Catholic at Easter Vigil 2001) Theology – and watching baseball.Does participation in cross-border importation, exportation, and direct and portfolio investment enhance human well-being? In particular, does international trade stimulate economic growth and development, and does it alleviate poverty? These hotly debated controversies are the heart of Volume Eight.
To engage in this debate, it is necessary to understand Development Economics. That is the subject of Part One. How are “growth,” “development,” and “poverty” defined and measured? Armed with clear answers, this Part describes the classic theoretical models of economic growth, development, and poverty reduction. They include Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth, and the Fei-Ranis Labor Surplus Model. The potential role of trade in them is highlighted. Equally importantly, this Part also reviews the empirical record of the contribution of trade to growth, development, and poverty across the half-century following the end of the Second War and de-colonization. Thus, the records of countries that pursued export-oriented versus import-substitution policies are contrasted.
Part Two spells out and critically analyzes the leading programs in International Trade Law designed to benefit developing and least developed countries: the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), a GATT-WTO exception to the most-favored nation (MFN) obligation. This Part also highlights one among many national-level, targeted preference schemes, namely, the U.S. African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). Unfortunately, GSP and AGOA have underrealized their full potential to help poor countries. This Part explains why they have not done so.
Volume Eight, and thus the eight-Volume set, conclude with a review and evaluation of the trade laws and policies of India. India is the world’s most populous country, the world’s largest democracy, and the world’s most religiously pluralistic country. Its trade regime, characterized by import substitution and protectionism in the decades after the 15 August 1947 British Partition of the Indian Sub-Continent, pivoted in 1991 to openness. But, the pivot is partial: India’s trade liberalization is inchoate, and its free trade agreement (FTA) program is only modestly ambitious. What might the future hold for India and, therefore, the world?
Overall, Volume Eight clearly manifests the interdisciplinary nature of International Trade Law through the pressing questions of inequality and injustice in the world trading system. Like the other seven Volumes of International Trade Law: A Comprehensive E-Textbook, this Volume is available Open Access, and thus freely, quickly downloadable
International Trade Law: A Comprehensive E-Textbook, Volume 5 Remedies (6th Revised Edition)
No full textThis book is Volume Five of an Eight-Volume set. All of the Volumes are available in KU ScholarWorks. Links to all eight volumes are available in the Abstracts file in this record.
About the Author:
Born in Toronto of Indian and Celtic heritage, Rakesh (Raj) Kumar Bhala is a dual Canadian-U.S. citizen prominent in the fields of International Trade Law, Islamic Law (Sharī‘a), and Law and Literature. Raj is a University Distinguished Professor at the University of Kansas, School of Law (KU Law). He is published widely world-wide – authoring over 100 scholarly articles and 13 books, including the International Trade Law Textbook, which has been used at over 100 law schools around the globe. Ingram’s Business Magazine designated him as one of “50 Kansans You Should Know.”
Raj has testified before the U.K. Parliament, House of Commons, International Trade Committee, on trade and human rights. Media frequently call upon Raj. Across 65 consecutive months (from January 2017-October 2022), “On Point” was his column on International Law and Economics, which Bloomberg Quint / BQ Prime (Mumbai) published and distributed to approximately 6.2 million readers globally.
Raj is a Harvard Law School (HLS) graduate (Cum Laude). As a Marshall Scholar, Raj earned two Master’s degrees, from the London School of Economics (LSE) in Economics, and from Oxford (Trinity College) in Management (Industrial Relations). His undergraduate degree is from Duke (Summa Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa), where he was an Angier B. Duke Scholar and double-majored in Economics and Sociology. After HLS, Raj practiced at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, where he twice won the President’s Award for Excellence thanks to his service as a delegate to the United Nations Conference on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), along with a Letter of Commendation from the U.S. Department of State. He is a member of the State Department’s Speaker Program.
Raj has served in officer positions at the International Bar Association (IBA) and Inter-Pacific Bar Association (IPBA), on the Executive Board of Directors of the Carriage Club of Kansas City (including as Treasurer), and been on the Alumni Association Board of the University School of Milwaukee (USM), his high school alma mater. He is grateful to his USM teachers for a liberal arts education that made all good things possible. Raj loves fitness training, has finished 115 marathons, including the “Big Five” of the “World’s Majors” (Boston twice, New York twice, Chicago twice, Berlin, and London). He enjoys studying Shakespeare and (especially since becoming Catholic at Easter Vigil 2001) Theology – and watching baseball.When countries lower tariff and/or non-tariff barriers through multilateral trade negotiations (MTNs) under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World Trade Organization (WTO), or free trade agreements (FTAs), they are left with one category of measures to protect domestic producers: trade remedies. Volume Five covers this broad, deep specialty of International Trade Law. Remedies fall into four categories: (1) against unfairly traded merchandise; (2) against fairly-traded merchandise; (3) against non-market economies; and (4) unilateral action.
Parts One, Two, Three and Four deal with remedies to combat unfair trade, namely, antidumping (AD) and countervailing duties (CVDs). Each of these Parts lays out the definition and elements of “dumping” and “subsidies.” The elements are technical, to be sure, but they are what International Trade Law practitioners “do” every day. Accordingly, all relevant case law is integrated into the AD-CVD material. Attention also is paid to fishing subsidies, in Part Four. World fisheries are depleted amidst subsidized commercial- scale international fleets (as from China), threatening the livelihoods of artisan fishermen and the protein-sources of hundreds of million around the world.
Part Five turns to remedies against fair trade. It explains why that counter-intuitive idea – fighting imported merchandise that is not dumped or illegally subsidized – makes sense in historical, economic, and political terms.
Part Six covers material that, with the November 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall, might have been dismissed as irrelevant thereafter. In fact, given the economic policies of China (and other countries), remedies against imports of merchandise originating in countries that do not play be market economy standards and rules, i.e., non-market economies (NMEs), remain relevant. Such remedies include modified metrics for AD-CVD, plus market disruption.
Part Seven is about the most controversial trade weapon in America’s trade arsenal: Section 301. This Part explains the theory and practice of why and how America acts on its own against foreign government acts, policies, or practices that are unreasonable or discriminatory, and burden or restrict U.S. commerce. Yes, Section 301 is an example of constructive ambiguity to deter possible “bad” behavior. But yes, the flexibility constructive ambiguity affords has led to major cases, indeed, trade wars, as between the U.S. and China.
Finally, Part Eight deals with a topic not well covered at any level of International Trade Law – multilateral, FTA, or national – namely, currency manipulation. How are foreign exchange rates set, how does foreign exchange (FX) trading work, and what are the criteria to determine when one country manipulates its currency to bolster its exports and disincentivize imports
International Trade Law: A Comprehensive E-Textbook, Volume 4 National Security (6th Revised Edition)
No full textThis book is Volume Four of an Eight-Volume set. All of the Volumes are available in KU ScholarWorks. Links to all eight volumes are available in the Abstracts file in this record.
About the Author:
Born in Toronto of Indian and Celtic heritage, Rakesh (Raj) Kumar Bhala is a dual Canadian-U.S. citizen prominent in the fields of International Trade Law, Islamic Law (Sharī‘a), and Law and Literature. Raj is a University Distinguished Professor at the University of Kansas, School of Law (KU Law). He is published widely world-wide – authoring over 100 scholarly articles and 13 books, including the International Trade Law Textbook, which has been used at over 100 law schools around the globe. Ingram’s Business Magazine designated him as one of “50 Kansans You Should Know.”
Raj has testified before the U.K. Parliament, House of Commons, International Trade Committee, on trade and human rights. Media frequently call upon Raj. Across 65 consecutive months (from January 2017-October 2022), “On Point” was his column on International Law and Economics, which Bloomberg Quint / BQ Prime (Mumbai) published and distributed to approximately 6.2 million readers globally.
Raj is a Harvard Law School (HLS) graduate (Cum Laude). As a Marshall Scholar, Raj earned two Master’s degrees, from the London School of Economics (LSE) in Economics, and from Oxford (Trinity College) in Management (Industrial Relations). His undergraduate degree is from Duke (Summa Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa), where he was an Angier B. Duke Scholar and double-majored in Economics and Sociology. After HLS, Raj practiced at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, where he twice won the President’s Award for Excellence thanks to his service as a delegate to the United Nations Conference on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), along with a Letter of Commendation from the U.S. Department of State. He is a member of the State Department’s Speaker Program.
Raj has served in officer positions at the International Bar Association (IBA) and Inter-Pacific Bar Association (IPBA), on the Executive Board of Directors of the Carriage Club of Kansas City (including as Treasurer), and been on the Alumni Association Board of the University School of Milwaukee (USM), his high school alma mater. He is grateful to his USM teachers for a liberal arts education that made all good things possible. Raj loves fitness training, has finished 115 marathons, including the “Big Five” of the “World’s Majors” (Boston twice, New York twice, Chicago twice, Berlin, and London). He enjoys studying Shakespeare and (especially since becoming Catholic at Easter Vigil 2001) Theology – and watching baseball.The significance of the link between trade and national security cannot be overstated. While it is a link dating to ancient times (as Volume One observes), in the post-Cold War era, it is fair to say trade policy is national security policy, or a part thereof, and vice versa. Thus, Volume Four is about the theory and practice of this link.
Part One covers border security in a post-9/11 world. After that terrorist attack, the function of the U.S. Customs Service – renamed Customs and Border Protection (CBP) – enlarged from clearance of merchandise (discussed in Volume Two) to protecting America’s borders. The job of CBP now includes ensuring only “good goods and good people” enter the U.S. customs territory. That is likewise the task of customs authorities around the globe. Here, again, the U.S. national-level measures have been studied in other countries, and at the World Customs Organization (WCO), as role models to one degree or another.
Part Two is about how “national security” is defined in theory and practice. Both the multilateral level, i.e., Article XXI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and Article V of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and the U.S. level, i.e., the array of Presidential authorities to deal with “national security” challenges, are reviewed. So, too, is the controversy as to whether World Trade Organization (WTO) adjudicators do, or even should, have any subject matter jurisdiction over the invocation by WTO Members of national security as a reason to derogate from a GATT-WTO obligation.
Parts Three and Four concern two of the most important manifestations of the link between trade and national security – Section 232 and export controls, respectively. Again, both theory and practice are discussed. Section 232 allows the President to adjust imports to avoid an impairment to national security. Steel and aluminum imports are among the key targets for this weapon. Export controls are relevant to nuclear, military, or dual-use (civilian and military) items. The U.S. reasons for controlling such exports, and how it does so, are evaluated.
Parts Five, Six, and Seven treat a third key instance of the trade-national security nexus, namely, trade sanctions. Part Five is theoretical, asking whether trade sanctions are “moral.” Different criteria for evaluating what constitutes “moral” behavior are laid out. Parts Six and Seven are practical, with two major case studies, Iran and Russia, respectively. Like the U.N., and other WTO Members, the U.S. has maintained a dizzying array of sanctions against Iran ever since the 1979-1981 Hostage Crisis. These sanctions are explained chronologically. Associated with those sanctions is Iran’s alleged nuclear weapons program. So, a critical analysis of the terms of the Joint Comprehensive Plan Of Action (JCPOA, i.e., the July 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal) is offered. Further, since Russia’s February 2022 invasion of Ukraine, America and its Allies have slapped sanctions on Russia, and ratcheted them up. These punishments include innovative actions, such as price caps on oil and natural gas
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