29,061 research outputs found
The political role of the people's liberation army 1949-1973
Full text linkThis thesis is to study the political role of the People's Liberation Army from the approach of structure and function. The framework of the thesis consists of three major parts, first, the influence of Chinese traditional political culture on, and the formation of, the political role of the PL A; second, the influence of domestic political struggles and external military conflicts on the development of the political role of the PLA; and the third, the analysis of the transition of the PLA's political role from the structure and personnel arrangements of the CCPCC Within the above-mentioned three scopes, this thesis make a thorough discussion on the following: (1) The relationship between the structure of the PRC and the formation of the PLA's political role; (2) How has ideology influenced the army's political role; (3) What is Mao's viewpoint and his influence on the development of the army's political role; (4) What is the link between the army and the party, and how has this developed; (6) What accounts for the expansion of the PLA's political functions; (7) What is the influence of political factional struggles on the PLA's political role; (8) Is it political institution or military institution that controls the recruitment of the military elite; (9) What are the disparities between the military elite in handling international conflicts and what are their political considerations; (10) What is the Party's position in the army; (11) How have the Party’s important meetings and personnel arrangements influenced the rise and fall of the PLA's political role
Pithemera tao Wang & Shih, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textPithemera tao sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Material examined. Holotype: 1 adult, NCHUZOOL 13541, 22°02’ 1.6 ”N, 121 ° 33 ’ 57.7 ”E, Yeyin, Lanyu, Taitung Co., Taiwan, coll. Yu-Hsi Wang et al., 7 Jan. 2008. Paratypes: 5 adults, NCHUZOOL 13542, same collection data as for holotype. Description. External: Small. Dimensions 27–43 mm by 1.9–2.2 mm in x, 1.9–2.6 mm in xxx, 2.1–2.5 mm in clitellum; body cylindrical throughout, segments 55–90; 5–7 setae between male pores. Setal formula AA: AB: YY: YZ = 1.5: 1: 3: 1.75 on xxv. Prostomium, epilobic. Female pores paired on xiv. First dorsal pore at 12 / 13. Clitellum annular xiv–xvi 1 / 2; setae on xiv and xv (Fig. 3 a). Male pores on xviii, without genital marking (Fig. 3 a). Spermathecal pore single, middle at 4 / 5–6 / 7 (Fig. 3 a). Internal: Septa, 4 / 5–7 / 8 thin, 8 / 9 – 9 / 10 absent, 10 / 11–13 / 14 thick, gizzard in viii–x or ix–x. Intestinal origin from xiv, typhlosole simple 1 / 4 lumen diameter from xxi. Intestinal caeca simple and short, originating in xxi, extending anteriorly to xix (Fig. 3 d). Without oesophageal heart. Male sexual system holandric, testes in x and xi; seminal vesicles in xi and xii. Prostates small in xviii, round-shaped extending xvii to xix (Fig. 3 c). Spermatheca single in v–vii; ampulla ovoid, adiverticulate or diverticulate (Fig. 3 b). Etymology. This species is named after the aboriginal tribe, the Tao Tribe (= Yami Tribe), who dwell on the island of Lanyu. The name is used as a noun in apposition. Remarks. Pithemera tao sp. nov. is similar to P. bicincta (Perrier, 1875), P. palaoensis (Ohfuchi, 1941), P. philippinensis James, Hong & Kim, 2004, P. sedgwicki sedgwicki (Benham, 1897), and P. sempoensis (Kobayashi, 1938), but can be distinguished by the spermathecal pore and spermatheca. P. bicincta, and P. philippinensis have 5 pairs of spermathecal pores at 4 / 5–8 / 9. Pithemera sedgwicki sedgwicki and P. sempoensis have 3 pairs of spermathecal pores at 5 / 6–7 / 8. Pithemera palaoensis has 3 pairs of spermathecal pores at 4 / 5–6 / 7. All of the above species have paired spermathecal pores and spermathecae with diverticula. Pithemera tao has only a single spermathecal pore at 4 / 5–6 / 7.Published as part of Wang, Yu-Hsi & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2010, Earthworm fauna of Eastern Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae), pp. 52-68 in Zootaxa 2341 on pages 56-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19330
Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence
No full textChen, Ssu-Li, Shih, Hsi-Te (2017): Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence. Zootaxa 4268 (1), DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4268.1.
Two new freshwater crab species of the genus Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Huizhou, Guangdong Province, southern China
No full textHuang, Chao, Mao, Siying, Shih, Hsi-Te (2021): Two new freshwater crab species of the genus Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Huizhou, Guangdong Province, southern China. Zootaxa 5026 (2): 221-238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5026.2.
FIGURE 5 in Earthworm fauna of Eastern Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)
No full textFIGURE 5. Amynthas aff. morrisi; a, ventral view of spermathecal pores in segment furrows and markings on vi; male pores with 2 genital markings showing the equilateral triangle shape; b, left spermathecae, ampulla with polydiverticulum; c, left prostate; d, simple left intestinal caeca. amp, ampulla; fp, female pore; gm, genital marking; mp, male pore; sp, spermathecal pore. All scale bars are 1 mm.Published as part of Wang, Yu-Hsi & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2010, Earthworm fauna of Eastern Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae), pp. 52-68 in Zootaxa 2341 on page 63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19330
FIGURE 4 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence
No full textFIGURE 4. Carapaces of Uca formosensis and other species with similar morphology. A, U. formosensis (NCHUZOOL 13672, CW 29.6 mm, left-handed; modified from Shih et al. 1999); B, U. bellator (NCHUZOOL 13653, CW 18.7 mm, lefthanded); C, U. seismella (USNM 137666, holotype, CW 13.0 mm, right-handed; modified from Crane 1975); D. U. polita (USNM 137667, holotype, CW 22.5 mm, right-handed; modified from Crane 1975); E, U. arcuata (NCHUZOOL 13660, CW 38.2 mm, left-handed); F, U. urvillei (NCHUZOOL 13661, CW 30.1 mm, left-handed); G, U. tetragonon (NCHUZOOL 13664, CW 18.3 mm, right-handed); H, U. jocelynae (NMNS 6177-001, holotype, CW 21.7 mm, right-handed).Published as part of Shih, Hsi-Te, 2015, Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence, pp. 151-169 in Zootaxa 3974 (2) on page 157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3974.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24210
Amynthas shinjiroi Wang & Shih, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textAmynthas shinjiroi sp. nov. (Fig. 2) Material examined. Holotype: 1 adult, NCHUZOOL 13507, 29 K Rueisuei Forest Trail, Jhuosi, Hualien Co., Taiwan, coll. Sheng-Hai Wu, 15 Feb. 1997. Paratypes: 12 adults, NCHUZOOL 13543, same collection data as for holotype. Others. 9 adults, NCHUZOOL 13508, same collection data as for holotype. Description. External: Dimensions 95 mm by 4.2 mm in x, 3.2 mm in xxx, 4.3 mm in clitellum; body cylindrical throughout, segments 106. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators; 11 setae between male pores; setal formula AA: AB: YY: YZ = 1.25: 1: 2.75: 2.5 on xxv. Prostomium, pro-epilobic. Unpigmented. First dorsal pore at 5 / 6. Clitellum annular, xiv–xvi, smooth. Female pore single on xiv. Male pores on xviii (Fig. 2 a). Male pores without genital marking, but with many small genital markings in front of setal line of xvii, xviii, and xix (Fig. 2 a). Spermathecal pores ventrolateral at 5 / 6–8 / 9, with many small genital markings present in front of setal line of viii and ix (Fig. 2 a). Internal: Septa, 5 / 6–8 / 9 thin, 9 / 10 – 10 / 11 thin, 11 / 12 absent, 13 / 14–16 / 17 thin; gizzard in viii–x. Intestinal origin from xvi; lymph glands present from xvi; typhlosole simple 1 / 10 lumen diameter from xxi, but extending forward as a small ridge to xvi. Intestinal caeca simple, originating in xxvii, extending anteriorly to xxiv (Fig. 2 d). Oesophageal heart absent, no heart in x or xi. Male sexual system holandric, testes, funnels ventrally joining sacs in x and xi. Seminal vesicles large in xi and xii, with dorsal lobe. Prostates in xviii, 6 main lobes, ducts thick, muscular; many small accessory glands (Fig. 2 c). Ovaries in xiii. Spermathecae paired in vi–ix, ampulla with elongate ovoid diverticulum; diverticulum axis longer than ampulla axis; many small accessory glands in viii and ix (Fig. 2 b). Etymology. This species is named for the Japanese zoologist Shinjiro Kobayashi, who contributed much to the study of earthworm diversity of Taiwan during 1938–1941 (see Shih et al. 1999). Remarks. Amynthas shinjiroi sp. nov. is similar to A. omeimontis (Chen, 1931), A. polyglandularis (Tsai, 1964) and A. tessellatus Shen, Tsai & Tsai, 2002, but can be distinguished by several characters. Chen (1931) described A. omeimontis from Ermei (= Omei) Mt., Ermei Co., Sichuan Province, China, with small genital markings on xi and xviii, and the male pore is surrounded by genital markings, which are absent on xvii and xix. Tsai (1964) described A. polyglandularis from Taipei, Taiwan, which also has small genital markings on viii–ix and xviii, and the male pore is also surrounded by genital markings. Shen et al. (2002) described A. tessellatus tessellatus and A. tessellatus paucus from Nantou and Hualien Cos., Taiwan, with small genital markings on vi–ix and xvii–xix segments; the male pore lacks genital marking. In addition, A. shinjiroi has 4 spermathecal pores at 5 / 6–8 / 9, and the first dorsal pore is at 5 / 6. However, A. omeimontis and A. polyglandularis have 2 pairs of spermathecal pores at 7 / 8 – 8 / 9 and the first dorsal pore is at 12 / 13; and A. tessellatus has 3 spermathecae in vi–viii, and the pores are not visible; the first dorsal pore is at 11 / 12. A comparison of characters is given in Table 1.Published as part of Wang, Yu-Hsi & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2010, Earthworm fauna of Eastern Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae), pp. 52-68 in Zootaxa 2341 on pages 53-56, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19330
<p><strong>A new species of <em>Tiwaripotamon</em> Bott, 1970, from northern Vietnam, with notes on <em>T. vietnamicum</em> (Dang & Ho, 2002) and T. edostilus Ng & Yeo, 2001 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae)</strong></p>
No full textShih, Hsi-Te, Do, Van Tu (2014): A new species of Tiwaripotamon Bott, 1970, from northern Vietnam, with notes on T. vietnamicum (Dang & Ho, 2002) and T. edostilus Ng & Yeo, 2001 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae). Zootaxa 3764 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.
FIGURE 6 in Descriptions of three new species of the harvestmen genus Pseudogagrella (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) from Taiwan, supported by morphological and molecular evidence
No full textFIGURE 6. Pseudogagrella sauteri sp. nov. A, B, dorsal and lateral views of the holotype male (NCHUZOOL 14837); C, D dorsal and lateral views of the female (paratype, NCHUZOOL 14840); E, F, color in live, male (E) and female (F).Published as part of Chen, Ssu-Li & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2017, Zootaxa 4268 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/57987
Amynthas robustus Perrier 1872
No full textAmynthas robustus (Perrier, 1872) Material examined. 3 adults, NCHUZOOL 13521, Huantan Highway, Liyu Lake, Shoufeng, Hualien Co., Taiwan, coll. Y.-H. Wang et al., 26 Jan. 2007. Diagnosis. Dimensions 196–271 mm by 6.4–7.7 mm in x, 6.7–8.3 mm in xxx, 6.5–7.6 mm in clitellum; body cylindrical throughout, segments 125–142. First dorsal pore at 11 / 12. Clitellum annular, xiv–xvi; smooth. Female pore single on xiv. Male pores on xviii, each male pore with 2 genital markings, 13–15 setae between male pores. Spermathecal pores lateral at 7 / 8 – 8 / 9. Prostates small or absent, only prostatic duct in xviii; curved.Published as part of Wang, Yu-Hsi & Shih, Hsi-Te, 2010, Earthworm fauna of Eastern Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae), pp. 52-68 in Zootaxa 2341 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19330
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