28 research outputs found
Men's Attitude towards Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2000 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
No full textIn Ethiopia, family planning program is women slanting. Men '.r exclusion fromfamily planning strongly affects their preferred family size and attitude towardscOnlraceptive use. Some researchers also concluded toot women's attitude towardscontraception is strongly affected by their husband's attitudes. This article isdesigned to examine the influence of husband's attitude towards couple's currentcontraceptive use in Ethiopia. The 2000 Ethiopian Demographic Health Su",ey datais used as main data source. The qualitative data is also collected rhrough in·depthinte",iew from thirty·six currently married men in four regions (Tigray, Amhara,Oromiya and SNNPR). BOlh bivariate and multivariate analyses are applied in thestudy. Multilevel modeling was also further developed to identify the possiblecommunity level variation on couple 's current contraceptive use. Both bivariate andmultivariate analysis results showed that husband's approval of contraceptive /Lieand couple communicarion are statistically signijicanJ (at p<O.OI level ofsignificance) in contraceptive use, indicating that husbands who approve and discussfamily planning with partners oove positive altitude towards contraceptive use.Moreover, significant community level variations have beet! found in the multilevelmodel, demonstraring rhe existence of variation in husbands' attitude towardscontraceptive use across communities. The author suggests thaI the policy effortshould be made to enable men for realizing the positive consequence of theirapproval and discussion regarding family planning. Furthermore, the exisringfamilyplanning program in Ethiopia should focus on changing men's altitude towardsfamily planning
Spatial variability of child survival in Ethiopia: evidence from nationally representative surveys
No full textAbstract Introduction In Ethiopia, under-five mortality remains unacceptably high and varied geographically across the country with the highest (125 death per 1000 live children) in the Afar region to the lowest (39 deaths per 1000 children) in Addis Ababa City Administration in 2016. Geographic variation is persistent in childhood undernutrition, where the prevalence of underweight was highest (36%) in the Afar region, whereas stunting (47%) and wasting (23%) were highest in the Amhara and Somali regions of the country, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of childhood anemia was highest in Somali region (83%), and lowest (42%) in the Amhara region. Therefore, this study attempted to explore the spatial pattern and clustering of childhood undernutrition, childhood anemia, and under-five mortality in the country. Method The spatial analysis used the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) data collected in 2011 and 2016 that provided geographic, demographic, and health information of children below the age of five and their mothers between 15 and 49 years old. The pooled data, consisting of 22,225 under-five children, was extracted and linked with the 2011 and 2016 DHS Shapefiles, and 596 EA (clusters) were matched to their respective regions. Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were employed to examine spatial patterns and clustering of childhood undernutrition, childhood anemia, and under-five mortality in the country. Result The national pooled prevalence of childhood undernutrition and anemia stood at 48.6% and 55.1%, respectively, while 6.7% of children had died before age five (approximately one in every 14 children). Regionally, the highest undernutrition rates were recorded in Afar (61.6%) and Amhara (57.1%), while Addis Ababa had the lowest (21.1%). Anemia was most prevalent and highest in Somali (77.9%) and Afar (76.1%), and lowest in Amhara (39.1%). Under-five mortality was highest in Afar (8.6%) and Benishangul-Gumuz (8.3%), and lowest in Addis Ababa (3.3%). Spatial analysis showed significant clustering for all three indicators: undernutrition (Moran’s I = 0.024), anemia (Moran’s I = 0.029), and under-five mortality (Moran’s I = 0.010), all with p < 0.001. Hotspots were concentrated in Afar, Somali, eastern Oromia, and Benishangul-Gumuz, while Addis Ababa and parts of SNNPR were cold spots. Conclusion The present study underscores the importance of spatial location specific child survival interventions targeted to reduce childhood anemia, undernutrition and under-five mortality. Therefore, child survival programs tailored to geographic location risk factors connected with childhood anemia, undernutrition and under-five mortality would be more efficient and effective in Ethiopia
Trends in maternal education-based inequalities in under-five mortality in Ethiopia: multilevel, decomposition and concentration index analyses
No full textAbstract Introduction In 2021, a staggering five million children globally succumbed to mortality before celebrating their fifth birthdays. Alarmingly, children residing in Sub-Saharan African nations faced mortality risks 15 and 19 times higher than their counterparts in Europe and Northern America, as well as the region encompassing Australia and New Zealand, respectively. Ethiopia, situated in Sub-Saharan Africa, shoulders a significant burden of under-five mortality, securing the third position in Africa and the tenth globally. The primary objective of this study was to scrutinize the trends in under-five mortality inequalities based on maternal education in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016. Method The analysis utilized data from repeated cross-sectional surveys, drawing upon a pooled total sample of 35,404 children aged 0–59 months. This sample was derived from the Ethiopian Demography and Health Surveys conducted in 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016. To explore the determinants of under-five mortality among this age group, we employed multilevel binary logistic regression analysis. This approach allowed us to assess the impact of various factors at the individual, household, and community levels. Additionally, we conducted multivariate decomposition, concentration index, and decomposition rate analyses to scrutinize the evolving trends in maternal education-based disparities in under-five mortality. Result Maternal education emerged as a significant factor influencing under-five mortality in Ethiopia. Notably, approximately one-third (31%) of the observed inequalities in under-five mortality based on maternal education could be accounted for by the effects of observed characteristics. Over the years, there has been a noteworthy reduction in absolute inequalities in under-five mortality. Specifically, a decline of 0.14 was observed between 2000 and 2005, and a more substantial decrease of 0.32 occurred in the period spanning 2000 to 2016, resulting in an overall change of 56.25%. Furthermore, this study revealed that about 43.12% of the reduction in under-five mortality could be attributed to the narrowed gap in maternal education during the survey period. Conclusion The implications drawn from these findings underscore the importance of directing interventions aimed at reducing early mortality toward the promotion of maternal education. It is evident that addressing maternal education plays a pivotal role in mitigating inequalities in under-five mortality. Additionally, there is a pressing need to revisit and enhance existing population and health policies. Establishing stronger linkages between child survival issues and the education sector is crucial for achieving the targets outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals related to under-five mortality. By aligning policies with these insights, there is a greater likelihood of fostering sustainable improvements in child survival and advancing towards the overarching goal of reducing under-five mortality
Hall Effect and Temperature Distribution on Unsteady Micropolar Fluid Flow in a Moving Walls
No full textUnsteady incompressible electrically conductin
Study on the Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease in Selected Districts of Afar Pastoral Area, Northeast Ethiopia
No full textImpact of COVID-19 on Violence Against Women and Girls in Addis Ababa
No full textThere is no doubt that promoting a safer, Gender-Based Violence (GBV)free environment for women and girls gives them greater safety andsecurity, better health and education, and, more control over their lifechoices. The main objective of the study was to explore the impacts ofCOVID-19 in relation to violence against women and girls in AddisAbaba. A Cross-sectional study design with concurrent mixed studymethod was employed. Primary data was collected from 1084 women(15-49 years old) selected using three-stage stratified sampling procedure,12 key informants and one case study. Data were collected usinghousehold survey questionnaire, key informant interview and in-depthinterview guides. The odds of gender-based violence was higher by atleast 1.6 times among women and girls who had no formal education andprimary education compared to those who had secondary and above levelof education. Women and girls residing in large household size (6+) hadsignificantly higher odds of gender-based violence compared to thosewho were living in households with less than six members. Women andgirls who were living in rented house were 1.3 times more likely to beexposed to gender-based violence compared to those living in their ownhouse. There should be aggressive and continuous community educationthrough behavioral change communication strategies that will eventually help
to significantly promote knowledge and attitude on adverse effects of gender-based violenc
Prevalence and associated factors of female genital mutilation among high school students in Dale Wabera Woreda, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
No full textAfrican Journal of Microbiology Research
No full textA7 combined expressing iron regulated outer membrane protein as a vaccine against intratracheal challenge exposure in shee
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
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