2,195 research outputs found
Sectoral allocation by gender of Latin American workers over the liberalization period of the 1990s
No full textThe recent restructuring of Latin American economies has renewed interest in the effects of trade liberalization, on labor markets, and on the gender division of labor. The author does not attempt to establish casuality between economic reforms, and the types of jobs that men and women hold. Instead, she provides a detailed description of the trends in male, and female formal, and informal sector participation during the economic reform period in Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica. The author first compares the gender composition of the formal, informal wage, and self-employment sectors in a year before reforms (1988 for Argentina, 1989 for Brazil, and Costa Rica), and a year after reforms implementation (1997 for Argentina, 1995 for Brazil and Costa Rica). Although women continued to be more likely than men to work in the informal wage sector, there is no trend of"masculinization"or"feminization"of the informal sector, or any other. Instead, in Argentina men have overtaken women as the most prevalent workers in the informal wage sector, while in Brazil, the opposite has occurred (as men move into self-employment). In Costa Rica there have been no statistical, observable changes. The author then considers the distribution across sectors within each gender group, to identify whether men, and women are more likely to select different sectors in the post-reform period relative to the pre-reform period. Among both men, and women in all three countries (except Brazilian men), workers have become more likely to hold informal wage jobs, and less likely to hold formal sector jobs. Trends in human capital accumulation explain these changes for both men, and women, while changes in gender roles, primarily in homecare and marriage, do not seem to have an effect.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Population&Development,Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Population&Development,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions
Modeling of thermo-rheological structure of lithosphere under the foreland basin and mountain belt of Taiwan (vol 374, pg 115, 2003)
No full text
USP8 is required for Hh-induced Smo cell surface accumulation.
No full text<p>(A–B′) Wing discs expressing <i>UAS-ShiRNAi</i> or <i>UAS- Shi-DN<sup>S</sup></i> (a strong line) by <i>MS1096</i> Gal4 was stained for Smo and Ci. The arrows indicate the RNAi-mediated increase in accumulation of Smo and Ci. (C–O) CFP-Smo or CFP-Smo<sup>SD123</sup> was transfected into S2 cells and the cells were treated with GFP dsRNA, Shi dsRNA, USP8 dsRNA, or Hh-conditioned medium. Smo that localized to the cell surface was visualized by immunostaining with an anti-SmoN antibody before membrane permeabilization. The total amount of expressed Smo was indicated by the CFP signal. Representative images are shown here. (P) Quantification analysis of the percentage of Smo on the cell surface (mean ± s.d.; <i>n</i>≥15). Ratio (%) = (cell surface signal/whole cell signal)×100.</p
HH-420 thermostatic water bath box.
No full textThe new thermal insulating shotcrete is of great significance for the management of thermal damage in deep mines, and its own strength has a greater impact on the roadway insulation and safe production, so it is very necessary to study the shear strength of the new thermal insulating shotcrete under the influence of the deep hot and humid environment and the stress of mining. For the heat-insulating shotcrete, firstly, we carried out the concrete variable angle shear test under different loading rates, which concluded that the shear rate and peak shear stress showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing; as the angle increases, the different rates have a greater impact on the peak shear stress of the specimen. Secondly, the concrete variable angle shear test was carried out under the temperature and humidity cycle, which revealed that the shear strength of thermal insulated shotcrete increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of temperature at the same number of cycles. Finally, the empirical equations between the cohesive force c, the angle of internal friction ϕ and the number of warm and wet cycles n and the temperature of warm and wet cycles T are fitted with the MATLAB software respectively, and the research results provide technical references for the management of geothermal temperature in deep well projects.</div
HH-MDS: A QoS-aware Domain Divided Information
No full textAbstract. Grid computing emerges as effective technologies to couple geographically distributed resources and solve large-scale problems in wide area networks. Resource Monitoring and Information Service (RMIS) is a significant and complex issue in grid platforms. A QoS-aware domain divided information service, HH-MDS, is introduced in this paper. It is an important component of our service grid platform. HH-MDS solves system scalability issue effectively. In additional, several effective QoS strategies are provided to improve the efficiency of resource monitoring and information searching. Based on these strategies, service-oriented definitions and SLA specification are proposed to describe serving capability and relating QoS issues. 1
Leptin Promotes White Adipocyte Browning by Inhibiting the Hh Signaling Pathway
No full textLeptin is an important secretory protein that regulates the body’s intake and energy consumption, and the functions of the Hh signaling pathway related to white adipocyte browning are controversial. It has been reported that leptin plays a critical role in adipogenesis by regulating the Hh signaling pathway, but whether there is a functional relationship between leptin, the Hh signaling pathway, and adipocyte browning is not clear. In this research, mouse white pre-adipocytes were isolated to explore the influence of the Hh signal pathway and leptin during the process described above. This showed that leptin decreased high fat diet-induced obese mice body weight and inhibited the Hh signaling pathway, which suggested that leptin and the Hh signaling pathway have an important role in obesity. After activation of the Hh signaling pathway, significantly decreased browning fat-relative gene expression levels were recorded, whereas inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway significantly up-regulated the expression of these genes. Similarly, leptin also up-regulated the expression of these genes, and increased mitochondrial DNA content, but decreased the expression of Gli, the key transcription factors of the Hh signaling pathway. In short, the results show that leptin promotes white adipocyte browning through inhibiting the Hh signaling pathway. Overall, these results demonstrate that leptin serves as a potential intervention to decrease obesity by inhibiting the Hh signaling pathway
Comparison-speed liquid jets
No full textThe performance of a small high-speed liquid jet apparatus is described. Water jets with velocities from 200 to 700 m/s were obtained by firing a deformable lead slug from an air rifle into a stainless steel nozzle containing water sealed with a rubber diaphragm. Nozzle devices using the impact extrusion (IE) and cumulation (CU) methods were designed to generate the jets. The effect of the nozzle diameter and the downstream distance on the jet velocity is examined. The injection sequences are visualized using both shadowgraphy and schlieren photography. The difference between the IE and CU methods of jet generation is found
Why liberalization alone has not improved agricultural productivity in Zambia : the role of asset ownership and working capital constraints
No full textThe authors use a large panel data set from Zambia to examine factors that could explain the relatively lackluster performance of the country's agricultural sector after liberalization. Zambia's liberalization significantly opened the economy but failed to alter the structure of productionor help realize efficiency gains. They reach two main conclusions. First, not owning productive assets (in Zambia, draft animals and implements) limits improvements in agricultural productivity and household welfare. Owning oxen increases income directly, allows farmers to till their fields efficiently when rain is delayed, increases the area cultivated, and improves access to credit and fertilizer markets. Second, the authors reject the hypothesis that the application of fertilizer is unprofitable because of high input prices. Rather, fertilizer use appears to have declined because of constraints on supplies, which government intervention exacerbated instead of alleviating. (Extending the use of fertilizer to the many producers not currently using it would be profitable, but increasing the amount applied by the few producers who now have access to it would not be.) Policies to foster accumulation of the assets needed for agricultural production (including draft animals and implements) and to provide complementary public goods (education, credit, and good agricultural extension services) could greatly help reduce poverty and improve productivity.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Agricultural Research
Modulation of electronic and optical properties of ZnO by inserting an ultrathin ZnX (X = S, Se and Te) layer to form short-period (ZnO)(5)/(ZnX)(1) superlattice
No full textWe demonstrate that the electronic and optical properties of ZnO can be improved by inserting into it with an ultrathin ZnX (X = S, Se and Te) layer to form short-period (ZnO)(5)/(ZnX)(1) superlattices (SLs), which is a very promising substitution for p-type doping of ZnO. Results show that the SLs have some superior properties compared with bulk ZnO due to the strong modulation of the ZnX layer. The valence band arrangement of heavy hole (HH), light hole (LH) and crystal-field split-off hole is in the decreasing order from the valence band maximum (VBM) of (ZnO)(5)/(ZnX)(1). The important band edge states are mainly determined by Zn and X atoms in the ZnX layer. The HH and LH have a very large effective mass along the c-axis of (ZnO)(5)/(ZnX)(1). The peak value of dielectric function and absorption coefficient along the x/y direction at fundamental absorption edge is larger than that along the z direction, which indicates a transverse electric polarized light emission from c-plane. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, China [2012CB619304]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11474012, 11364030, 11404013]SCI(E)ARTICLE581-59171
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