7,180 research outputs found
Does the Order of Item Difficulty of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Add Anything to Subdomain Scores in the Clinical Assessment of Dementia
Get PDFBackground: The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) is used to measure cognition across a range of domains in dementia. Identifying the order in which cognitive decline occurs across items, and whether this varies between dementia aetiologies could add more information to subdomain scores. Method: ACE-Revised data from 350 patients were split into three groups: Alzheimer's type (n = 131), predominantly frontal (n = 119) and other frontotemporal lobe degenerative disorders (n = 100). Results of factor analysis and Mokken scaling analysis were compared. Results: Principal component analysis revealed one factor for each group. Confirmatory factor analysis found that the one-factor model fit two samples poorly. Mokken analyses revealed different item ordering in terms of difficulty for each group. Conclusion: The different patterns for each diagnostic group could aid in the separation of these different types of dementia
Lecture: Author Susan Orlean
No full textShaker Library and the Shaker Schools Foundation present Susan Orlean, SHHS grad and author of The Library Book, who will speak about her love of libraries and the impact of books on her life.
Susan Orlean grew up in Shaker Heights and graduated from Shaker Heights High School in 1973, where she was editor in chief of the school’s yearbook, The Gristmill. She graduated with honors from the University of Michigan in 1976. She has written for the Boston Phoenix, the Boston Globe and has been a staff writer at The New Yorker since 1992. She is the author of seven books, including Rin Tin Tin, Saturday Night, and The Orchid Thief, which was made into the Academy Award–winning film, Adaptation. She lives with her family and her animals in upstate New York
Commentary on: Physical activity and exercise for mild cognitive impairment and dementia:a collaborative international guideline
Full text linkPhysical inactivity is an important, but potentially reversible risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There is literature about physical activity and exercise for the prevention and management of dementia and MCI, but this had not been synthesized into no specific guidelines about this topic. A recent guideline on physical activity and exercise in MCI and dementia was published, authored by several international societies, including lay representatives. In this commentary, we discuss the implications of this guidance for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and lay representatives involved in the care of people with MCI and dementia. The guidelines highlight the importance of physical activity and exercise in cognitively healthy persons and for dementia and MCI, at different stages of these conditions. For primary prevention of dementia, physical activity may be suggested in cognitively healthy persons. In people with MCI, mind-body interventions, such as yoga, have the greatest evidence, and the role of physical activity and exercise requires more evidence from high-quality randomized controlled trials. In people living with moderately severe dementia, exercise may be useful for maintaining physical and cognitive function. There are benefits of physical activity and exercise separate from their impact on cognitive outcomes. The guidelines also proposed some questions for future research. In conclusion, there is limited evidence on the beneficial role of physical activity and exercise in preserving cognitive functions in subjects with normal cognition, MCI or dementia. The guidelines support the promotion of physical activity based on the beneficial effects on almost all facets of health. <br/
Citizen piece on the Harvey Prager controversy. The author, Susan Clark Abbot
No full textCitizen piece on the Harvey Prager controversy. The author, Susan Clark Abbott, is executive director of the Hospice of Maine in Portland, and takes exception with the judicial system and the media for implying that caring for the terminally ill is similar to a prison sentence
Early life risk factors for cerebrovascular disease and depressive symptoms in later life
Full text linkCerebrovascular disease (CVD) can result in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)
and structural brain changes such as decreased cortical volume, brain atrophy and
cerebral infarcts which are major causes of stroke and dementia. CVD is also
associated with increased depression and depressive symptoms in later life. Midlife
vascular disease and adult socioeconomic status (SES) are well established risk
factors but less is known about the effect of factors from earlier in life on CVD and
depressive symptoms in later life.
A series of systematic reviews of current literature examining early life factors and
stroke, cSVD and depression following stroke are presented at the beginning of this
thesis. These reviews found that childhood IQ, education and childhood SES were
associated with stroke and cSVD in later life. The reviews also found that education
level was associated with depression following stroke. However few of the studies
adjusted for vascular risk factors and adult SES.
Therefore this thesis aimed to investigate associations between birth and childhood
factors and cerebrovascular disease and depressive symptoms, after adjustment for
vascular risk factors and adult SES, in four community dwelling cohorts: the Stratifying
Resilience & Depression Longitudinally (STRADL) cohort (n=280, 45% male, mean
age= 62.1 (SD=4.1) years), the Dutch Famine Birth cohort (n= 151, 44% male, mean
age 67.6 (SD=0.9) years), the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC 1936, n= 865, 50%
male, mean age 72.7 (SD=0.7) years), and the Simpson cohort (n=130, 31% male,
mean age 78.5, (SD=1.5) years).
This Thesis first examined associations between (i) cSVD burden (ii) total and regional
brain volumes and (iii) self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety measured
using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. All analyses were adjusted for age,
sex, hypertension, smoking behaviour, adult SES and cognition. Neither cSVD nor
brain volumes were associated with symptoms of anxiety. Higher white matter
hyperintensity volumes, having one or more cerebral infarct and increased cerebral
atrophy were associated with increased depressive symptoms independent of
vascular risk factors and adult SES.
Secondly, this thesis examined associations between birth and childhood factors and
cSVD burden and total and regional brain volumes. Each cohort was analysed
individually and then all available data meta-analysed. All analyses were adjusted for
age, sex, hypertension, smoking behaviour, adult SES and other early life factors.
Meta-analysis found that increasing birth weight was associated with decreased risk
of lacunes across all cohorts. Placental weight, which was only available for the
Simpson cohort, was associated with decreased risk total cSVD, WMH severity and
volume and cerebral infarcts. In the LBC 1936 and Simpson cohort increasing
childhood and premorbid IQ and more years of education were associated with fewer
cortical infarcts. The association between premorbid and childhood IQ and infarcts
was independent of education level. Across three cohorts low education level was
associated with more microbleeds. These findings suggest that factors other than
traditional vascular risk factors may contribute to cSVD and structural brain changes
in later life.
Thirdly, this thesis examined associations between birth and childhood factors and
self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety measured using the Hospital
Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive
Symptoms (QIDS-16). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, smoking
behaviour, adult SES and cognition In the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort people born
before the famine had lower scores of depression and anxiety on the HADS compared
to those exposed to famine in early gestation and those conceived after the famine.
In the LBC 1936 increasing ponderal index was associated with lower depressive
symptoms, increasing childhood and premorbid IQ were associated with lower
symptoms of anxiety and depression. Lower educational attainment and some
indicators of childhood SES were associated with higher symptoms of depression and
anxiety.
Overall results suggest that early life factors, particularly childhood IQ, may contribute
to structural brain changes and symptoms of depression and anxiety in later life,
independent of vascular risk factors and other early life factors. Efforts to understand
factors which may contribute to late life health, from the earliest stages of life, are
important and may be used to inform changes in social policy. The effect sizes and
potential impact of these findings suggest that larger sample sizes with more vascular
disease and more depression are needed to robustly test these associations
Sustainability Awareness Week 2021: Climate Anxiety with Dr. Susan Clayton
No full textFive current FIT students and recent graduates will join Daniel Benkendorf and climate anxiety scholar, Dr. Susan Clayton.In this session, Daniel Benkendorf (Psychology) will discuss the issue of climate anxiety with Dr. Susan Clayton, a psychologist who is both an internationally-recognized scholar on this topic and who is also a lead author on the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. A panel of current FIT students and recent graduates will join Benkendorf and Clayton as they define and explore the features and peculiarities of climate anxiety and consider ways to ameliorate it.Sustainability is a key component of FIT’s mission and is embedded in the college’s curriculum and operations. During virtual Sustainability Awareness Week, we invite our community to learn about recent innovations from leaders in the industry, FIT students, faculty, staff, and alumni; experience FIT’s efforts to make a positive impact on the earth; and discover new ways to live with a smaller footprint
sj-pdf-1-wso-10.1177_17474930211045836 - Supplemental material for Predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment using acute CT neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-wso-10.1177_17474930211045836 for Predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment using acute CT neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Emily L Ball, Rachel Sutherland, Charlotte Squires, Gillian E Mead, Dorota Religa, Erik Lundström, Joshua Cheyne, Joanna M Wardlaw, Terence J Quinn and Susan D Shenkin in International Journal of Stroke</p
Birth weight and cognitive ability in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Full text linkBirth weight is associated with a range of adult health outcomes. In childhood, there is a positive association between birth weight – in the normal range (> 2500 g) – and cognitive ability, but no systematic review has yet assessed this effect across adult life. We aimed to synthesise published studies assessing the relationship between birth weight and general cognitive ability in non-clinical adult populations (≥ 18 years). Nineteen studies (N = 1.122,858), mean participant age ranged from 18 to 78.4 years, fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which eight could be included in a random-effects meta-analysis. Birth weight was associated with cognitive ability in adulthood, with each kilogram increase in birth weight associated with a 0.13 SD increase in general or fluid intelligence (95% CI [0.07, 0.19]). There was considerable heterogeneity in the effect size (I2 = 97.8%, 95% CI [97.2, 98.4], p < 0.001). The association was similar after correcting for gestational age and parental social class where data were available. The effect size was larger for participants aged < 60 years than those aged 60 years or over. There is a modest association between birth weight and cognitive ability in adulthood that may diminish at older ages
'Pilings of Thought Under Spoken': The Poetry of Susan Howe, 1974-1993.
No full textPhDThis thesis discusses the poetry published by contemporary American poet Susan
Howe over a period of almost two decades. The dissertation is chiefly concerned with
articulating the relationship between poetic form, history, and authority in this body
of' work. Howe's poetry dredges the past for the linguistic effects of patriarchy,
colonialism and war. My reading of the work is an exploration of the ways in which a
disjunctive poetics can address such historical trauma. The poems, rather than
attempting to reinstate voices lifted from what Howe has called "the dark side of
history", are a means of reflecting the resistance that the past offers to contemporary
investigation. It is the effacement, and not the recovery, of history's victims, that is
discernible in the contours of these highly opaque texts. Notions of authority are most
often addressed in the poetry through the figure of paternal absence, which has a
threefold function in the work, serving to represent social authority, an aporetic
conception of divinity and an autobiographical narrative. Alongside the antiauthoritarian
currents in the writing - critiques, for example, of the doctrine of
Manifest Destiny or of scapegoating versions of femininity - my thesis stresses Howe's
engagement with negative theology and with a strain of American Protestant
enthusiasm that has its roots in 17th century New England. The dissertation explores
the dissonance caused by the co-existence in the poetry of elements of political dissent
and religious mysticism. Finally, I consider Howe's engagement with literary history
and authors such as Shakespeare, Swift, Thoreau and Melville. The manner in which
Howe deploys the words of others in her work, I argue, allows for a mixture of textual
polyphony and a more conventional notion of authorial 'voice'
PAPERS OF SUSAN HAWTHORNE
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/68973Comprises records from all aspects of Susan Hawthorne's life from her student activities to her role as an author and publisher. They include her early women's liberation and political involvement; her literary involvement as a writer, publisher and conference organiser; written drafts of her publications: correspondence with her mother and friends; the lesbian feminist movement; and her activities as a writer and circus performer for Performing Older Women.
The arrangement of this collection has been carried out by Susan Hawthorne and it is a box list, that is, it describes the content of each box rather than the detail of each file within each box. Nevertheless, it was her practice to arrange her papers into one or more multi-subject files per year and this arrangement has been followed for these papers. Her manuscripts are also arranged by year. Boxes are titled by Susan Hawthorne's name and a sequence number in most cases, and their contents are well described.46169
Acquisition: [2014.0033] "PAPERS OF SUSAN HAWTHORNE
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