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    Increased serum high-mobility group box-1 and cleaved receptor for advanced glycation endproducts levels and decreased endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation endproducts levels in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with heart failure

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    Aims: High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE). An HMGB1–RAGE interaction has been implicated in cardiac dysfunction. We assessed the association of HMGB1 and RAGE isoforms with heart failure (HF) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Methods and results: We assayed serum levels of HMGB1, cleaved RAGE (cRAGE), endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in parallel with assessment of left ventricular volumes and function in 125 diabetic and 222 non-diabetic Chinese patients with chronic HF. Of the total, 79 diabetic patients without HF and 220 normal subjects served as diabetic and normal controls, respectively. Serum HMGB1, cRAGE, hsCRP, and NT-proBNP levels were higher and, in contrast, esRAGE levels lower in HF patients than in subjects without HF (for all; P , 0.01), with higher levels of cRAGE and hsCRP in diabetic HF vs. non-diabetic HF patients (P , 0.01). For HF patients—with or without diabetes—HMGB1 levels correlated positively with left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (r 1⁄4 0.267 and r 1⁄4 0.321, respectively) and NT-proBNP values (r 1⁄4 0.497), and were inversely related to ejection fraction (r 1⁄4 20.461; all P , 0.001). Serum cRAGE levels correlated with NT-proBNP values (r 1⁄4 0.451) and New York Heart Association functional class (r 1⁄4 0.402; both P , 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that HMGB1, cRAGE, and esRAGE were consistently associated with HF in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: Heart failure patients have increased serum HMGB1 and cRAGE and decreased esRAGE levels, and these are related to the severity of HF in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Such associations are worth further investigation

    »LJ« Artist book

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    The thesis paper deals with the artist book, an art form that has become a part of the university curriculum since the beginning of my university studies. It is most closely connected with the fields of sketch and photography. Both personl sketch and the field of photography have been of particular interest to me during my university years and I prepared an exhibition on the subject, presented by Faculty of Education Gallery. This thesis covers the historical and theoretical background of the artist book and maps the creation of my own artist book, an artistic superaddition titled LJ. Some of the pioneers of the artist book are also mentioned, including Ed Ruscha, the author of the Twenty Six Gasoline Stations. He was one of the first artist to draw attention to the various artistic possibilities of this art form intertwining different graphic components including sketch, photography, font, paper characteristic, and other visual effects. Franc zagoričnik is presented as a native artist interested in the art form. He was a member of the OHO group, which reached the same conclusions as Ruscha in the 1970s. The thesis places the artist book within the field of education, since this particular pedagogical approach has been shown to give the pupil freedom of choice and thus enrich his sensibilty to artistic expression. Pratical reasearch was conducted at a high school in Koper, while theoretical research heavily relied on the MGLC library, which is the only Slovene library to carry contemporary literature on this particular art form
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