105,819 research outputs found
IIT-Hyderabad professor Chandra Shekhar Sharma bags award
No full textProfessor Chandra Shekhar Sharma from the department of chemical engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (IIT-H), has won the prestigious Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Award, instituted by the National Academy of Sciences, India. He has been selected for his work on electrospun nanofibers and nanostructured carbon materials which can be used in environmental protection and healthcare.
Professor Chandra Shekhar and his team recently introduced female sanitary napkins, using electrospun nanofibers (biodegradable polymer). Most sanitary napkins use non-biodegradable superabsorbent polymers (SAP) to increase their commercial value. However, they cause health hazards and also environmental problems. The product will soon hit the market after field trials.
Furthermore, the team has also received a grant from the department of science and technology under the nano mission programme. The team has also developed an inexpensive way of creating electrodes. The award, started in 2005, is given to scientists in the field of physical, chemical and biological sciences
Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Interaction
No full textDefinition
Spatial interaction refers to all cases in which a relationship (a flow of persons, goods, communications, citations, and so on) is observed between pairs of spatial units. Differently from the standard areal or point units often analyzed in spatial science, spatial interaction data are denoted by their bilateral nature. They have an origin and a destination (in the particular case, the two being the same). Such origins and destinations may have observable characteristics. Moreover, each pair of spatial units may be described according to some measures of separation (such as distance) or of commonality (e.g., the presence of a common language). Such descriptors are typically employed in spatial interaction models, the most commonly used analytical framework for modeling flow data. Problems occur when the aforementioned descriptors exhibit correlation between the values of different spatial units or dyads which is due to the spatial configuration of the units themselves (e.g., ...
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Quantification of the Atmospheric Relativistic Electron Precipitation on 17 January 2013
No full textOn 17 January 2013, relativistic electron precipitation (REP) was observed on Balloon Array for Radiation Belt Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL) payloads, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Polar orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (NOAA POES), and European Space Agency (ESA) MetOp between 2:44 to 15:04 h UT, scattered across dusk to early morning magnetic local time (MLT) sectors. The observations could be grouped into multiple observations of seven REP events spatially separated by more than 2 h in MLT and at least 1 h in UT. Almost all the events were localized in L shell with dL < 0.5 and MLT with dMLT< 3. A net loss of similar to 5% of the relativistic electrons from the radiation belts is estimated between 2:44 to 15:04 h UT (similar to 13.5 h). A majority of atmospheric REP (nearly 75% through six REP events) was observed before the onset of a minor storm around 14:00 UT; the rest (25% through one REP event) was observed during the commencement of the storm which was followed by a major dropout of MeV electrons from the radiation belts during the main phase. However, no atmospheric precipitation was observed during the main phase, indicating that the dropouts may not have been caused by particle loss into the atmosphere.Ye
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Delta Opiod Receptor: Parasympathetic Location and Changing Phenotypes in Canine Heart
No full textDeo, Shekhar H., Delta Opioid Receptor: Parasympathetic Location and Changing Phenotypes in Canine Heart. Doctor of Philosophy (Integrative Physiology), July 23, 112 pp, 4 tables, 24 figures. Delta opioid receptors (DOR) have long been implicated in the complex mechanism of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Repeated arterial occlusion of the SA node artery in IPC protocol progressively raised the nodal encephalin concentrations and improved vagal transmission during a subsequent extended occlusion. This vagatonic effect was reversed by the DOR-1 antagonist, BNTX. The present thesis tested whether the IPC protocol, the prolonged occlusion or a combination of both was required to demonstrate the vagotonic effect. The study also tested whether the evolution of the vagotonic effect during occlusion might be attributed to erosion of completing vagolytic effects. A progressive improvement in vagal transmission was observed during the IPC protocol. The vagotonic effect was not observed during sham occlusions or during occlusions in animals pretreated with a DOR-1 antagonist. Following the IPC protocol, exogenous MEAP reduced vagal transmission under both normal and occluded conditions. The magnitude of the vagolytic effects was however significantly reduced and eroded further over time compared to time matched shams. The loss of the response was not altered by prior DOR-1. The magnitude of the vagolytic effects was however significantly reduced and eroded further over time compared to time matched shams, however the failure of DOR-1 blockade to slow that process suggests that the PC mediated erosion is independent of receptor activation by DOR-1 agonists. Although DORs are associated with IPC, their precise location remains unconfirmed. DOR and autonomic markers vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were labeled in tissue sections and synaptosomes from canine atrium and SA node. Synapsin I verified the neural character of labeled structures. Acetylcholine and norepinephrine content indicated both cholinergic and adrenergic synaptosomes are present. VAChT and TH signals indicated more than 80% of synapsin positive synaptosomes were cholinergic and less than 8% were adrenergic. Western blots of synaptosomal extracts confirmed by two DOR bands at molecular weights corresponding to reports for DOR monomers and dimmers. The preferential association of DORs with cholinergic nerve terminals supports the hypothesis that post-ganglionic prejunctional DORs regulate local vagal transmission within the heart
sj-docx-1-scm-10.1177_00369330231163376 - Supplemental material for The need for a course to complete urological education for consultant practice using a simulated ‘boot camp’ structure at the end of specialist training: A survey-based study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-scm-10.1177_00369330231163376 for The need for a course to complete urological education for consultant practice using a simulated ‘boot camp’ structure at the end of specialist training: A survey-based study by Karl H Pang, Sunjay Jain, Chandra Shekhar Biyani and Stephen R Payne in Scottish Medical Journal</p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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