12 research outputs found
BUDAYA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS: TINJAUAN BIBLIOMETRIK TERHADAP TREN PENELITIAN GLOBAL
No full textKata Kunci: Islamic
Education Culture,
Senior High School,
Analisis Bibliometrik,
Sistematis Literature
Review
Egis Permana Putra1*, Baharudin2, Era Octafiona 3, Zahra
Rahmatika4, Qonita Sabrina5
1,2,3,4,5 Universitas Islam Negeri Radein Intan Lampung
Email Correspondence: [email protected] *
Abstrak: Meskipun penelitian tentang budaya dalam
Pendidikan Islam terus berkembang, masih terdapat
keterbatasan kajian sistematis yang menganalisis tren global
dan keterbaharuan dalam integrasi budaya Islam di sekolah
menengah atas. Dari banyaknya penelitian mengenai Budaya
dalam Pendidikan Islam, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
menganalisis
perkembangan,
tren,
dan menemukan
keterbaharuan publikasi dan penelitian ilmiah mengenai
integrasi budaya Islam dalam Pendidikan Islam di sekolah
menengah atas di seluruh dunia dalam rentang waktu 2019
2024. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam karya ini
adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan teknik olah
data Analisis Bibliometrik, yang menghasilkan data inklusi
sebanyak 32 artikel dari 150 artikel yang terindeks di Scopus,
yang kemudian divisualisasikan menggunakan perangkat
berupa artikel ilmiah yang terindeks Scopus dan dipilih
menggunakan perangkat lunak Covidence. Teknik analisis
lunak VOSviewer versi 1.6.20 Instrumen penelitian data
Budaya Pendidikan Islam di Sekolah Menengah Atas: Tinjauan Bibliometrik terhadap Tren … | 2
© Egis Permana Putra, dkk.
dilakukan dengan pemetaan tren publikasi, sitasi, kolaborasi
penulis, dan analisis kata kunci utama menggunakan
VOSviewer. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tren penulisan
terbanyak pada tahun 2021 adanya penurunan sitasi pada
tahun 2022-2024. Dari total 10 negara yang berpartisipasi
Indonesia yang paling banyak berkontribusi dan dalam
publikasi terkait topik ini, 66% di antaranya menggunakan
pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan overlay visualization co
occurrence, penelitian dengan topik tambahan seperti
"Pengintegrasian Nilai- Nilai Islam dalam Kurikulum" dan
"Pendidikan
Karakter
Berbasis
Budaya"
menjadi
keterbaharuan yang muncul hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini
berdampak pada penguatan dasar pengembangan kurikulum
berbasis budaya Islam yang relevan dengan kebutuhan global.
Berdasarkan analisis visualization co-occurrence dalam
penelitian ini, diperlukan studi lanjutan berupa penelitian
lapangan dan longitudinal tentang penerapan budaya Islam
dalam pendidikan yang disesuaikan dengan tantangan global
dan perkembangan pendidikan di era modern.
Keywords: Islamic
Education Culture,
Senior High School,
Analisis Bibliometrik,
Sistematis Literature
Review
Abstract: Although research on culture in Islamic Education
continues to grow, there is still a lack of systematic studies
analyzing global trends and innovations in the integration of
Islamic culture in senior high school education. Among the
numerous studies on culture in Islamic Education, this
research aims to analyze the development, trends, and
innovations in publications and scientific research on the
integration of Islamic culture into Islamic Education in senior
high schools worldwide between 2019 and 2024. The research
method used in this study is a Systematic Literature Review
(SLR) with bibliometric analysis techniques, resulting in the
inclusion of 32 articles from a total of 150 articles indexed in
Scopus, which were subsequently visualized using VOSviewer
version 1.6.20. The research instrument consists of scientific
articles indexed in Scopus, selected through Covidence
software. Data analysis involved mapping publication trends,
citations, author collaboration, and keyword analysis using
VOSviewer. The analysis shows that the highest number of
publications occurred in 2021, with a decline in citations from
2022 to 2024. Among the 10 countries involved, Indonesia
contributed the most, with 66% of the publications on this topic
Available at : https://journal.nahnuinisiatif.com/index.php/ARJI/article/view
DOI : 10.61227
P-ISSN : 2774-9290
E-ISSN : 2775-0787
Action Research Journal indonesia (ARJI) | Volume 7 Number 2 Year 2025 | 3
employing a qualitative approach. Based on the overlay
visualization of co-occurrence, research topics such as
"Integrating Islamic Values into the Curriculum" and
"Culture-Based Character Education" have emerged as recent
innovations. This research contributes to strengthening the
foundation for developing an Islamic culture-based curriculum
that meets global needs. Based on the co-occurrence
visualization analysis, further research is necessary, including
field and longitudinal studies on the implementation of Islamic
culture in education, adapted to global challenges and the
development of education in the modern era
A case of "en bloc" excision of a chest wall leiomyosarcoma and closure of the defect with non-cross-linked collagen matrix (Egis®)
No full textSarcomas arising from the chest wall account for less than 20% of all soft tissue sarcomas, and at this site, primitive tumors are the most frequent to occur. Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant smooth muscle tumor and the best outcomes are achieved with wide surgical excision. Although advancements have been made in treatment protocols, leiomyosarcoma remains one of the more difficult soft tissue sarcoma to treat. Currently, general local control is obtained with surgical treatment with wide negative margins. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man who underwent a chest wall resection involving a wide portion of the pectoralis major and minor muscle, the serratus and part of the second, third and fourth ribs of the left side. The full-thickness chest wall defect of 10 x 8 cm was closed using a non-cross-linked acellular dermal matrix (Egis (R)) placed in two layers, beneath the rib plane and over it. A successful repair was achieved with no incisional herniation and with complete tissue regeneration, allowing natural respiratory movements. No complications were observed in the postoperative course. Biological non-cross-linked matrix, derived from porcine dermis, behaves like a scaffold supporting tissue regeneration; it can be successfully used as an alternative to synthetic mesh for chest wall reconstruction. (C) 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Base
Design and development of orbit tracking software for a low cost satellite groundstation
No full textThis report gives an insight to Satellite Orbit Tracking Software developed by the author. The objective of this project is to design and develop a serverclient system for satellite orbit prediction services. The server-client architecture will be based on a Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) environment. At the same time, the system will interface with the EGIS ProfiTracker using RS 232 connection to control the antenna rotor for real-time satellite tracking. The server-client system is implemented using .NET Remoting architecture developed by Microsoft .Net framework. This report aims to discuss the hardware, software and functionalities design of the SOTS system developed. The report will also discuss on the SGP model developed by NORAD for satellite orbit prediction and the .NET Remoting architecture. A walk through of the SOTS GUIs will also be discussed.Bachelor of Engineerin
Intra and Inter Basin Linking of Rivers in Water Resources Management
No full text150-155Water resources
management criteria for its efficient and effective utilization should be well
conceived to avoid conflict, reduce negotiation and to increase cooperation.
The basic principle of the Indian rivers interlinking was to transfer the
surplus water of a basin to water-deficient basin. Nevertheless, the
basin/region identified for surplus at present may face severe water scarcity
and crisis in future. Therefore, thorough studies of each sub-basin /basins are
required to meet the present and projected demands. Interlinking of Rivers
(ILR) has emerged for the both intra basin & inter basins water transfer
either in space or time. Furthermore, proposal of intra-basin (inter sub-basin)
water development should be exercised before inter-basin water transfer and the
system can be known as Intra and Inter Linking of Rivers (IILR). The honourable
Supreme Court has allowed Centre and concerned states for identifying the
feasible links in a speedy manner. In this direction, Narmada Valley
Development Authority (NVDA) and Water Resources Department (WRD), government
of Madhya Pradesh (MP) formulated a comprehensive project for basin/sub-basins
between Onkeshwar to Narmada Sagar to utilize their water before declaring
surplus. The author being short term team leader from consultant (Egis (I) Pvt.
Ltd) side conducted initial study. The present paper presents an example of
effort towards development of intra-basin schemes and interlinking of
sub-basins (i.e. Deb-Goi Rivers in District of Barwani) in the state of MP to
protect people’s aspiration at present and their stakes for future, through
comprehensive and sustainable studies
Effect of plant biostimulants on nutritional and chemical profiles of almond and hazelnut
No full textThe increasing interest in natural foods with functional effects demands progressively
higher production levels. Nonetheless, there is an orientation towards practicing more sustainable
agriculture, free from environmentally harmful pesticides and fertilizers. Plant biostimulants, a
class of bio-based agriculture products designed to improve crop development, represent a feasible
alternative to chemical fertilizers, or, at least, an effective way of reducing the employed quantities.
Herein, different types of plant biostimulants compatible with organic farming (Phytoalgae, Foliar B,
Amino Acids, Soil B, Fitoalgas Green® and Sprint Plus®) were tested in two of the most important
nut products worldwide: almonds and hazelnuts, which were tested for nutritional parameters, fatty
acids profiles and tocopherols contents. Overall, the most notorious effects in almond samples were
obtained with phytoalgae (seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum extracts), particularly reflected in the
upraising around 10% of
-tocopherol and -tocopherol contents. Likewise, hazelnuts treated with
NPK + phytoalgae were also characterized by an increase of almost 18% in tocopherols levels, while
treatment with NPK alone induced 15.1% higher percentage of linoleic acid.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal)
for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); to the
national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for
L. Barros and individual scientific employment program-contract (CEECIND/04479/2017). Further
acknowledgments are due to the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the
Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of Project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-
FEDER-024479: ValorNatural®, whom the author F.S. Reis thanks for her contract. This work
was also funded by FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme through the project TRANSCo-
LAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P, and integrated in the activities of the Operational Group EGIS–
Estratégias de Gestão Integrada do Solo e da Água em Espécies Produtoras de Frutos Secos, funded
by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Assessing the Effect of Plant Biostimulants and Nutrient-Rich Foliar Sprays on Walnut Nucleolar Activity and Protein Content (Juglans regia L.)
No full textThe cultivation of walnuts (Juglans regia L.) has become increasingly popular worldwide due to the nutritional value of the nuts. Plant biostimulants (PBs) and nutrient-rich products have been increasingly used in agriculture to improve yield, quality, and abiotic stress tolerance. However, farmers need fast laboratory studies to determine the most suitable treatment per crop or ecosystem to take full advantage of these products. Evaluating nucleolar activity and protein content can provide clues about the most appropriate treatment. This study aimed to determine how five commercial products, four PBs based on seaweed extract and/or free amino acids and one boron-enriched fertiliser used as foliar sprays, affect walnut cv's nucleolar activity and protein content. "Franquette" from an orchard located in NE Portugal was compared to untreated (control) plants. All treatments brought a low leaf mitotic index. The control showed the smallest nucleolar area, highest protein content, and highest frequency of nucleolar irregularities. Fitoalgas Green (R), Sprint Plus (R), and Tradebor (R) showed the highest nucleolar area and lowest frequencies of nucleolar irregularities. The recruitment of proteins/enzymes for response against abiotic stresses may explain the high protein content in the control. Hence, the enhanced abiotic stress tolerance of the treated trees explains their lower protein content and frequency of nucleolar anomalies. Globally, the Fitoalgas Green (R), Sprint Plus (R), and Tradebor (R) seem better suited for "Franquette" walnut trees under the edaphoclimatic conditions where trials were conducted.This research was funded by national funds provided by the Fundação para a Ciência
e a Tecnologia (FCT) to CITAB (UIDB/04033/2020) and CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). This research
was integrated in the Operational Group EGIS: Estratégias para uma gestão integrada do solo e da
água em espécies produtoras de frutos secos activities funded by Portugal 2020 and the European
Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). The author Ana Carvalho thanks the funding attributed by the Fundação para a
Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) with the reference DL 57/2016/CP1378/CT0003 (doi10.54499/DL57/
2016/CP1378/CT0003), which allowed her to be hired by UTAD as a doctorate researcher through
the D.L. no. 57/2016 and Law no. 57/2017.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Same Yet Different: A Comparison of Pipeline Industries in Canada and Australia
No full textCanada and Australia are remarkably similar countries. Characteristics such as geography, politics, native land issues, and population are notably similar, while the climate may be considered the most obvious difference between the two countries. The pipeline industries are similar as well, but yet very different in some respects too. This presentation will explore some of the similarities and differences between the pipeline industries in both countries."/jats:p" "jats:p"The focus of the discussion will be mainly on long-distance, cross-country gas transmission pipelines. The author of this paper spent 4 years working for TransCanada PipeLines in Calgary in a pipeline design and construction capacity, and has spent 2.5 years working for an engineering consultant firm, Egis Consulting Australia, in a variety of roles on oil and gas projects in Australia."/jats:p" "jats:p"Topics to be addressed include the general pipeline industry organisation and the infrastructure in both countries. The history of the development of the pipeline industry in each country provides insight as to why each is organised the way it is today. While neither system is “better” than the other, there are certain advantages to Canada’s system (nationally regulated) over Australia’s system (currently state-regulated)."/jats:p" "jats:p"The design codes of each country will be compared and contrasted. The pipeline design codes alternate in level of detail and strictness of requirements. Again, it cannot be said that one is “better” than the other, although in some cases one country’s code is much more useful than the other for pipeline designers."/jats:p" "jats:p"Construction techniques affected by the terrain and climate in each country will be explored. Typical pipeline construction activities are well known to pipeliners all over the globe: clear and grade, trench, string pipe, weld pipe, coat welds, lower in, backfill and clean up. The order of these activities may change, depending on the terrain and the season, and the methods of completing each activity will also depend on the terrain and the season, however the principles remain the same. Australia and Canada differ in aspects such as climate, terrain and watercourse type, and therefore each country has developed methods to handle these issues."/jats:p" "jats:p"Finally, some of the current and future opportunities for the 21st century for the pipeline industry in both countries will be discussed. This discussion will include items such as operations and maintenance issues, Canada’s northern development opportunities, and Australia’s national gas grid possibilities
Effect of plant biostimulants on nutritional and chemical profiles of almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb] fruit and potential application in functional foods
No full textThe increasing interest in natural foods with functional effects requires ever-higher levels of production. Dried fruits are an example of this, since they are a relevant source of bioactive constituents. Almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb] is one of the most popular nuts in the world, standing out in the first place in what production level concern. 1,2 The benefits of including this nut in the human diet are partly related to its content on monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly oleic acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), namely linoleic acid, tocopherols (e.g., α-tocopherol) and phytosterols (e.g., β-sitosterol). 3,4 Nonetheless, the high production levels generates a global concern towards an agriculture less harmful to the environment, which raises the need for ecological alternatives to the use of conventional fertilizers and pesticides.5,6 Plant biostimulants, a class of bio-based agriculture products designed to improve crop development, might be used in agricultural fields to replace or reduce chemical fertilizers. In the study reported herein, different plant biostimulants compatible with organic farming (Fitoalgas Green®, a seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum, Sprint Plus®, an amino acid-rich foliar spray, and Tradebor®, a boron fertilizer for soil and foliar application) were tested on almond orchards of the NE of Portugal. After field-treatments and collection, the nut samples were analysed for their nutritional value, fatty acids profile and tocopherols content.
The nutritional evaluation showed that almond nut is mainly composed of fat (around 55% on a fresh weight basis), which reached maximum values in the untreated control, with slight differences resulting from using different plant biostimulants. For protein levels, values close to 15 g/100 g fw were obtained. Ash and water, the minor components, showed minimal variations, each representing about 3 g/100 g fw. In what concerns energy, the maximal value (669 kcal/100 g fw) was obtained in the control treatment.
Sucrose was the only identified soluble sugar, with an average content of approximately 12 g/100 g fw. Tradebor treatments induced a higher sucrose content (13 g/100 g fw). As a general rule, low levels of monosaccharides (fructose and glucose, for example) in nuts serve as an indicator of the good storage conditions of the products.7
Regarding fatty acids, oleic acid (C18: 1n9c) was the predominant one (close to 70%), and its content remained almost unchanged in almond despite using different plant biostimulants. The lack of significant changes in almond was also observed for linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), which was detected up to 16%. The following fatty acids were palmitic acid (C16:0), with percentages close to 8.5%, and stearic acid (C18: 0), with values of approximately 2%. Other fatty acids were detected in trace percentages (total sum was less than 2%): myristic acid (C14:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), marginal acid (C17:0), α- linolenic (C18:3n3), eicosanoic acid (C20:0) and eicosenoic acid (C20:1), but without significant differences between fertilizer treatments. As in most foods with high-fat content, the concentration of tocopherols was elevated: average values of 50 mg/100 g fw, which is in agreement with previous reports. 8,9 Considering the concentration in total tocopherols, Fitoalgas Green® induced an increase of around 10% (50 to 55 mg/100 g fw), mainly due to the rise in α-tocopherol and γ- tocopherol. Nonetheless, all other assayed biostimulants had the opposite effect. Overall, the most notorious effects in almond samples were obtained with Fitoalgas Green®, particularly reflected in the upraising around 10% of γ-tocopherol and β-tocopherol contents.
Due to the high levels of α-tocopherol in almonds, consuming these products, besides being enjoyable, may also have important benefits because they can significantly increase the levels of dietary vitamin E.10
These results are important to help selecting the best plant biostimulant to be applied to increase the expression of a specific bioactive compound, adding greater commercial value to these products and enabling a potential application in functional foods.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); to the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros and to J. Barreira individual scientific employment program-contract (CEECIND/04479/2017). Further acknowledgments are due to the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of Project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural®, whom the author F.S. Reis thanks for her contract. This work was also funded by FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme through the 311 project TRANSCoLAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P, and integrated in the activities of the Operational Group EGIS – Estratégias de Gestão Integrada do Solo e da Água em Espécies Produtoras de Frutos Secos, funded by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Mapping urban residents’ place attachment to historic environments: a case study of Edinburgh
No full textPlace attachment refers to the positive emotional bonds between people and places. Disrupting place attachment has a negative impact on people’s psychological well-being and the health of their communities. Place attachment can motivate people’s engagement in civic actions to protect their beloved places from being destroyed, especially when buildings and public spaces are demolished or redeveloped in historic places. However, the UK planning and heritage sectors have made only limited attempts to understand people’s attachment to the historic environment and how it may influence planning, conservation and development that affects historic places. This draws attention to the lack of empirical studies on place attachment to the historic environment, and thus a need for place attachment research to develop methodologies that might address this gap. The research presented in this thesis sets out to explore urban residents’ attachment to the historic environment they experience in their daily lives and to apply a mapping approach to visualise this attachment.
A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, with a built-in mapping component, was used to pursue this aim. Edinburgh was selected as a single case study. A map-based PPGIS (Public Participation Geographic Information System) survey was designed and circulated among members of Edinburgh’s local civic associations and a Facebook interest group. The cross-sectional data collected during the fieldwork was analysed using various computational and spatial statistics. Twenty-five survey participants also took part in semi-structured follow-up interviews. The interview data were analysed using thematic coding.
The employment of a mapping approach originated from the intention to visualise historic places to where people form attachments. In the course of the research, it has developed into an EGIS (Emotional GIS) methodology for place attachment research, which the author proposes for use by other researchers, whereby spatially referenced emotional data are collected via map-based surveys, interrogated by spatial analysis and made visually explicit with maps.
This study provides a quantitative analysis of the author’s own self-reported measure of attachment to the historic environment, whereby a measurement theory of attachment to the historic environment was developed. The findings indicated that residents’ attachment to the historic environment can be described by a three-dimensional construct, comprised of an intellectual, an autobiographical and a nostalgic dimension. Qualitative findings then provided
deeper insights into the nuanced ways in which people develop these three attachment dimensions. More specifically, people can develop intellectual attachments to the historic environment as the consequences of aesthetic appreciation, imagination and self-reflection. They attach to their ‘lived-in’ and ‘remembered’ historic places and ‘reflect’ on such attachments as the result of growing a sense of ‘autobiographical insideness’. They also tend to yearn for historic places that have disappeared and for the happy moments in their lives.
Attachment to the historic environment was spatially operationalised as ‘special historic place’ and its spatial distribution was visualised. A spatial relationship between special historic place distribution and places that people use in their daily lives was then confirmed using spatial point process modelling, which highlighted the unconscious developmental process of attachment to the historic environment. Two types of special historic places stood out: historic open green spaces such as gardens and parks, and popular visitor attractions like Edinburgh
Castle, Arthur’s Seat and Calton Hill. The underlying reasons, revealed in the qualitative findings, suggested two other attributes that make historic places emotionally significant — restorative potential and visual magnitude.
The nature of attachment(s) to the historic environment was also highlighted by examining the associations of those three attachment dimensions with sociodemographic variables through quantitative analysis, as well as probing the more latent social and cultural factors through qualitative coding.
The thesis therefore highlights the need to create an additional designation category alongside current ‘Listing, scheduling and designations’ in Scotland that appreciates, legitimises and protects the emotional values of historic places that are used, experienced and loved by people, and demonstrates the value of using a mapping approach for such an endeavour
Effect of plant biostimulants on nutritional and chemical profiles of almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb] fruit and potential application in functional foods
No full textThe increasing interest in natural foods with functional effects requires ever-higher levels of production. Dried fruits are an example of this, since they are a relevant source of bioactive constituents. Almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb] is one of the most popular nuts in the world, standing out in the first place in what production level concern. 1,2 The benefits of including this nut in the human diet are partly related to its content on monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly oleic acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), namely linoleic acid, tocopherols (e.g., α-tocopherol) and phytosterols (e.g., β-sitosterol). 3,4 Nonetheless, the high production levels generates a global concern towards an agriculture less harmful to the environment, which raises the need for ecological alternatives to the use of conventional fertilizers and pesticides.5,6 Plant biostimulants, a class of bio-based agriculture products designed to improve crop development, might be used in agricultural fields to replace or reduce chemical fertilizers. In the study reported herein, different plant biostimulants compatible with organic farming (Fitoalgas Green®, a seaweed extract of Ascophyllum nodosum, Sprint Plus®, an amino acid-rich foliar spray, and Tradebor®, a boron fertilizer for soil and foliar application) were tested on almond orchards of the NE of Portugal. After field-treatments and collection, the nut samples were analysed for their nutritional value, fatty acids profile and tocopherols content.
The nutritional evaluation showed that almond nut is mainly composed of fat (around 55% on a fresh weight basis), which reached maximum values in the untreated control, with slight differences resulting from using different plant biostimulants. For protein levels, values close to 15 g/100 g fw were obtained. Ash and water, the minor components, showed minimal variations, each representing about 3 g/100 g fw. In what concerns energy, the maximal value (669 kcal/100 g fw) was obtained in the control treatment.
Sucrose was the only identified soluble sugar, with an average content of approximately 12 g/100 g fw. Tradebor treatments induced a higher sucrose content (13 g/100 g fw). As a general rule, low levels of monosaccharides (fructose and glucose, for example) in nuts serve as an indicator of the good storage conditions of the products.7
Regarding fatty acids, oleic acid (C18: 1n9c) was the predominant one (close to 70%), and its content remained almost unchanged in almond despite using different plant biostimulants. The lack of significant changes in almond was also observed for linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), which was detected up to 16%. The following fatty acids were palmitic acid (C16:0), with percentages close to 8.5%, and stearic acid (C18: 0), with values of approximately 2%. Other fatty acids were detected in trace percentages (total sum was less than 2%): myristic acid (C14:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), marginal acid (C17:0), α- linolenic (C18:3n3), eicosanoic acid (C20:0) and eicosenoic acid (C20:1), but without significant differences between fertilizer treatments. As in most foods with high-fat content, the concentration of tocopherols was elevated: average values of 50 mg/100 g fw, which is in agreement with previous reports. 8,9 Considering the concentration in total tocopherols, Fitoalgas Green® induced an increase of around 10% (50 to 55 mg/100 g fw), mainly due to the rise in α-tocopherol and γ- tocopherol. Nonetheless, all other assayed biostimulants had the opposite effect. Overall, the most notorious effects in almond samples were obtained with Fitoalgas Green®, particularly reflected in the upraising around 10% of γ-tocopherol and β-tocopherol contents.
Due to the high levels of α-tocopherol in almonds, consuming these products, besides being enjoyable, may also have important benefits because they can significantly increase the levels of dietary vitamin E.10
These results are important to help selecting the best plant biostimulant to be applied to increase the expression of a specific bioactive compound, adding greater commercial value to these products and enabling a potential application in functional foods.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); to the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros and to J. Barreira individual scientific employment program-contract (CEECIND/04479/2017). Further acknowledgments are due to the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of Project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural®, whom the author F.S. Reis thanks for her contract. This work was also funded by FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme through the 311 project TRANSCoLAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P, and integrated in the activities of the Operational Group EGIS – Estratégias de Gestão Integrada do Solo e da Água em Espécies Produtoras de Frutos Secos, funded by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
