1,721,089 research outputs found
Cellular pathology and molecular diagnostics for cancer
No full textRecent developments in knowledge of cancer at the molecular level have led to a growing demand for tissue-based predictive analysis to inform therapeutic decision-making. Molecular parameters are also being increasingly incorporated into traditionally morphology-based diagnostic and prognostic classification systems. The resulting broader application of molecular techniques for interrogation of tissue samples requires adaptation of cellular pathology methods. A number of large-scale initiatives underway worldwide, including the Cancer Research UK Stratified Medicine Programme, are attempting to establish the evidence base and develop the teams, processes and infrastructure necessary to deliver this approach in routine practice.This thesis describes the findings of work in this area including collaborative efforts through the Stratified Medicine Programme and STRATFix consortium in the areas of patient consent, data, technology, tissue fixation and processing, utility of alternative tissue fixatives and pathologist or digital tumour content assessment. This work has demonstrated that acquisition of tissue surplus to diagnostic requirements for DNA-based tests is acceptable to patients, that targeted mainly ‘hotspot’ sequencing of up to five clinically relevant genes is feasible in a single tissue sample and that clinical data systems in their current form require a large amount of manual intervention to produce cancer data in a format compatible with the current NHS information standard. Furthermore, this research has demonstrated the variation in different aspects of tissue sample handling despite an increasing number of laboratories receiving accreditation to ISO standards, with its central focus on uniformity of process. There is also description of variation in tumour content assessment by a group of experienced pathologists using online whole slide imaging, indicating that accurate tumour quantification in samples submitted for sequencing is likely to require digital image analysis. This work shows that as a ‘molecular friendly’ fixative, the PAXgene® Tissue system provides tissue preservation generally suitable for morphological assessment and diagnosis, with the exception of lymphoid tissue for which further optimisation work is in progress. Histochemical techniques in use in our laboratory appear to be directly transferable to PAXgene® Tissue-fixed paraffin embedded tissue but immunohistochemistry requires protocol modification, particularly for antigens located in the cell nucleus. Double-stranded DNA yields from PAXgene® Tissue-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue are at least comparable to those obtained from matched formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue and show better preservation with less DNA fragmentation.This body of work has enabled me to develop knowledge, skills and evidence to contribute to the crucial role of cellular pathology in the implementation of stratified cancer medicine for improved patient care
Carbonate chemistry, temperature and salinity of Lady Elliot Island Reef 2009-2010
No full textTotal alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, temperature and salinity data for a reef and open water site at Lady Elliot Island
Carbonate chemistry, community metabolism, PAR, temperature and salinity of One Tree Island reef
No full textCarbonate chemistry, community metabolism, PAR, temperature and salinity of One Tree Island ree
Stratified medicine for cancer therapy
No full textAs knowledge of the biological processes underlying malignant transformation becomes increasingly sophisticated, apparently similar diseases can be redefined according to the critical disrupted biological pathways and networks. The key genetic changes in most cancers can be mapped to one of a relatively few pathways, making it possible to classify tumours by their abnormal pathways and to identify potentially treatable--'druggable'--targets within these. The aim of the stratified approach to cancer therapy is to improve the effectiveness, tolerability and affordability of novel therapeutic agents
A rare presentation of intravascular large B cell lymphoma with adrenal and CNS involvement resulting in recurrent ischaemic stroke
No full textKeeping the driver in the loop: the ‘other’ ethics of automation
No full textAutomated vehicles are expected to revolutionise everyday travel withanticipated benefits of improved road safety, comfort and mobility. However,they also raise complex ethical challenges. Ethical debates have primarily centred around moral judgements that must be made by autonomous vehicles in safetycritical situations, with proposed solutions typically based on deontological principles or consequentialism. However, ethics should also be acknowledged in the design, development and deployment of partially-automated systems that invariably rely upon the human driver to monitor and intervene when required, even though they may be ill-prepared to do so. In this literature review, we explore the lesser-discussed ethics associated with the role of, and expectations placed upon, the human driver in partially-automated vehicles, discussing factors such as the marketing and deployment of these vehicles, and the impact upon the human driver’s development of trust and complacency in automated functionality, concluding that the human driver must be kept ‘in the loop’ at all times
Episode 51: Emily Shaw - Dairy Girl Fitness: The Moos Room
No full textRuntime 41:24Emily Shaw, known as Dairy Girl Fitness, joins the OG3 to discuss her influence on social media combining dairy and fitness promotion. We take a big picture view for some of the episode and then move to some questions that are more fun. Can you still eat great food and get in shape? How does almond beverage compare to real milk? What is the one thing both Emilys can't be without when they are working out? Listen to find out!Heins, Brad; Armstrong, Joe; Krekelberg, Emily; Shaw, Emily. (2021). Episode 51: Emily Shaw - Dairy Girl Fitness: The Moos Room. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/218889
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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