131,961 research outputs found
Essais d'une décanteuse horizontale à vis convoyeuse Sharples en clarification d'huile de palme
No full textUne méthode de clarification d'huile de palme à partir des jus bruts d'extraction a été mise au point par la Société Sharples. Les méthodes actuelles de clarification d'huile sont loin d'être parfaites. Le Super-D-Canter Sharples, ou centrifugeuse horizontale à vis convoyeuse, améliore considérablement les résultats, il travaille directement sur les jus bruts et ne demande pas de dilution, d'où volumes moins importants, et il fournit : une phase solide pelletable dont la teneur en huile n'est pas supérieure à celle des effluents d'un séparateur classique, une phase liquide intermédiaire et une phase huile qui ne demande plus qu'à être séchée. Ses résultats restent remarquablement stables aux variations de débi
Multi-state modelling of repeated hospitalisation and death in patients with heart failure: The use of large administrative databases in clinical epidemiology.
No full textIn chronic diseases like heart failure (HF), the disease course and associated clinical event histories for the patient population vary widely. To improve understanding of the prognosis of patients and enable health care providers to assess and manage resources, we wish to jointly model disease progression, mortality and their relation with patient characteristics. We show how episodes of hospitalisation for disease-related events, obtained from administrative data, can be used as a surrogate for disease status. We propose flexible multi-state models for serial hospital admissions and death in HF patients, that are able to accommodate important features of disease progression, such as multiple ordered events and competing risks. Fully parametric and semi-parametric semi-Markov models are implemented using freely available software in R. The models were applied to a dataset from the administrative data bank of the Lombardia region in Northern Italy, which included 15,298 patients who had a first hospitalisation ending in 2006 and 4 years of follow-up thereafter. This provided estimates of the associations of age and gender with rates of hospital admission and length of stay in hospital, and estimates of the expected total time spent in hospital over five years. For example, older patients and men were readmitted more frequently, though the total time in hospital was roughly constant with age. We also discuss the relative merits of parametric and semi-parametric multi-state models, and model assessment and comparison
S2P3-R (v1.0): a framework for efficient regional modelling of physical and biological structures and processes in shelf seas
No full textAn established one-dimensional (1-D) model of Shelf Sea Physics and Primary Production (S2P3) is adapted for flexible use in selected regional settings over selected periods of time. This Regional adaptation of S2P3, the S2P3-R framework (v1.0), can be efficiently used to investigate physical and biological phenomena in shelf seas that are strongly controlled by vertical processes. These include spring blooms that follow the onset of stratification, tidal mixing fronts that seasonally develop at boundaries between mixed and stratified water, and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima that persist throughout summer. While not representing 3-D processes, S2P3-R reveals the horizontal variation of the key 1-D (vertical) processes. S2P3-R should therefore only be used in regions where horizontal processes – including mean flows, eddy fluxes and internal tides – are known to exert a weak influence in comparison with vertical processes. In such cases, S2P3-R may be used as a highly versatile research tool, alongside more complex and computationally expensive models. In undergraduate oceanography modules and research projects, the model serves as an effective practical tool for linking theory and field observations. Three different regional configurations of S2P3-R are described, illustrating a range of diagnostics, evaluated where practical with observations. The model can be forced with daily meteorological variables for any selected year in the reanalysis era (1948 onwards). Example simulations illustrate the considerable extent of synoptic-to-interannual variability in the physics and biology of shelf seas. In discussion, the present limitations of S2P3-R are emphasised, and future developments are outlined
If It Thunders on All Fool's Day
No full textIf It Thunders on All Fool’s Day was a residency and exhibition held at Eastside Projects (Birmingham), convened by artist–curator Dinosaur Kilby.
The project brought together three collaborative artist-led groups – GLOAM (Sheffield), Chaos Magic (Nottingham), and The Field (Derbyshire) – for a week intensive of co-inhabiting, co-thinking, and open-ended making. Functioning as part exhibition, part gathering, and part collaborative experiment, If It Thunders on All Fool’s Day was designed to embrace uncertainty as a generative method. Rather than being outcome-driven, the project focused on the fertile possibilities that emerge through gathering, exploring how collaboration, ritual, and co-habitation inform the production of new practices and networks.
As part of this, Sharples produced a site-responsive performance (and waters carry it, 2023) that transformed the gallery into a ceremonial site, allowing artists from each group and members of the public to come together to assemble and exchange thoughts.
Exhibition & Residency with GLOAM, The Field, Chaos Magic, Ishmail De Niro, Leah Hickey. GLOAM artists: Victoria Sharples, Stu Burke, Thomas Lee Griffiths, Rose Hedy Squires. The Field artists: Sean Roy Parker, Adam Grainger, Sonia Odedra, Dudley Dream–Walsh, Milly Melbourne. Maggie, Will. Chaos Magic artists: Chloe Willis, Francis Slip, Harry Martin, Tomas Corbettm, Winter Beaumont
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_09622802221107104 - Supplemental material for Methods of analysis for survival outcomes with time-updated mediators, with application to longitudinal disease registry data
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_09622802221107104 for Methods of analysis for survival outcomes with time-updated mediators, with application to longitudinal disease registry data by Kamaryn T Tanner, Linda D Sharples, Rhian M Daniel and Ruth H Keogh in Statistical Methods in Medical Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Designing a semantic sketchbook to create opportunities for serendipity
No full textSerendipity is where unexpected circumstances and an insightful 'aha' moment result in a valuable outcome. We discuss how interactive systems can support the process of serendipity: from making new connections, to projecting and exploiting their potential value. We focus in particular on how technology can support reflection -- which is an important part of the serendipity process. By considering findings from a set of empirical studies and a set of design principles aimed at encouraging reflection, we present an early stage digital 'Semantic Sketchbook' which was designed with the aim of supporting reflection (as well as other aspects of the process of serendipity). We discuss how our 'Semantic Sketchbook' has the potential to create opportunities for serendipity and the next steps we intend to take in developing it and evaluating its success
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