1,721,162 research outputs found
A qualitative study exploring food insecurity amongst asylum seekers’ families in England
No full textBackground: the cost-of-living crisis has exacerbated an already dire situation of poverty for many families seeking asylum in the UK. Food security is increasingly difficult to secure and integral to maintaining mental and physical health. This study aimed to explore and describe food insecurity amongst asylum-seeking families in Southampton, identify barriers to food security experienced, and how food security could be enabled for these families.Methods: we aimed to recruit parents or parents-to-be seeking asylum (or recently received refugee status) to interview with the assistance of two local charities that support asylum seekers. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted; four with stakeholders, who worked in the charities, and four with mothers seeking asylum. Issues around food insecurity and factors affecting the diet of these families were explored. The qualitative data were coded, and common themes were iteratively derived using thematic analysis.Findings: the sample of asylum-seeking mothers included women from India, Central America, East Africa and Eastern Europe. Five key themes were constructed: lack of income, culturally inappropriate services in terms of food aid interventions, inaccessibility, lack of support and poor mental and physical health as a result. Within these themes, sub-themes of vulnerability, need for education, hunger, charity dependant, and isolation were also identified. The most prominent recurrent theme was that families seeking asylum couldn’t support themselves to have adequate nutrition due to the limited funds they received from the government and their restriction from working. This is exacerbated by issuing the limited money in weekly instalments, so families are forced to choose between necessities for their children like nappies and food.Interpretation: initiatives need to be introduced to tackle food insecurity in asylum seeker families. This could be done by increasing their money allowance to match inflation and giving money monthly rather than weekly instalments to allow families to budget, bulk buy and avoid living ‘hand to mouth’. Greater support and education should be given to families seeking asylum to ensure they can survive on limited means.Funding: University of Southampton
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Offline Handwritten Punjabi Character Recognition using Artificial Neural Networks
No full textHandwritten Character recognition has been one of the challenging computational processes with conventional digital computers. New computational fields like expert systems and artificial intelligence have provided some level of recognition of handwriting. Even then, there exists competition between accuracy and speed. Yet, the human mind can decipher handwritten code accurately and quickly. This is possible only because of the involvement of a densely connected neural network.
The idea that a non-biological neural network can be utilized to solve human processes has been proposed in 1948 by Wiener. However, till recently the computational capability of digital computers did not allow even time scaled simulation of neural systems.
The recent developments in VLSI technology (in terms of microprocessors and memory) have permitted simulation and possible real-time model execution of neural networks for engineering applications (like filtering, control, object recognition, etc).
We extend on this thought to create an artificial neural network based software system for offline handwritten Gurmukhi character recognition. The system utilizes a back propagation algorithm for training of Network. The character is written offline in MS Paint and stored as 24-bit bmp format of size 32x 32 matrix size. Any end user can test additional characters, as per requirement, on the system.Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Technolog
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