1,721,115 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Scattering based Scheme for Generation of Photonic Tree-Cluster States
No full textQuantum repeaters are critical in the development of the quantum internet because they enable quantum communication over long distances. Third-generation quantum repeaters or one-way quantum repeaters are the most advanced quantum repeaters that do not require two-way com- munication between nodes. Borregaard et al. (2019) proposed an architecture of one-way quantum repeaters based on photonic tree-cluster states. Tree-cluster states are highly entangled multi-qubit states that can protect quantum information from transmission losses. Creating these highly entangled multi-qubit states is a challenging and error-prone process. Conventional tree-cluster generation methods use an emitter that emits and entangles with photons. These methods, however, suffer from multiple photon emissions, which leads to errors. This paper presents a system for generating tree-cluster states that employ two different spin-cavity systems. The first spin-cavity system generates single photons using a cavity-assisted Raman scheme that prevents multiple photons from being emitted. The generated photons are scattered with a phase dependent on the spin state by the other spin-cavity system. The analytical model of the two spin-cavity systems for producing and scattering single-photons is presented. Furthermore, we model the errors that may occur during these processes.We introduce a protocol for implementing a CZ gate between photons and spin. After that, this protocol is used to generate tree-cluster states. Furthermore, we optimize the entanglement between spin and photons by using the detuning between the two spin-cavity systems. Finally, we generate tree-cluster states using the spin-cavity system model and the photon-spin entanglement protocol. Following that, the effect of imperfect entanglement on the fidelity of the generated tree-cluster states is investigated. The fidelity of tree-cluster states with imperfect entanglement is then compared to the fidelity of tree-cluster states with single-qubit depolarising errors on photons. Unfortunately, we could not determine the relation between imperfect entanglement and the fidelity of the generated tree clusters in this study. Furthermore, we did not investigate the effects of imperfect entanglement on the encoding and decoding of information in tree-cluster states.Applied Science
Life-Cycle Assesment of different technologies to process sewage sludge
No full textWastewater production has been steadily increasing globally. Treatment of wastewater and the resulting sludge is crucial for human health and ecosystem conservation. Furthermore, water supply and treatment is an energy intensive sector where the electricity consumption is projected to increase by more than 80% in the next 25 years.Sludge treatment is one of the few processes in the water sector where energy can be recovered. And with the environmental issues faced by the sludge treatment sector, it becomes essential to not only optimize the energy recovery but also to holistically analyze environmental impacts of sludge treatment technologies. Thus helping to reduce the human and environmental impact to a minimum. In this report, the current sludge treatment chain in the Netherlands was environmentally analyzed along with two promising technologies, plasma gasification and supercritical water gasification for sewage sludge treatment using lifecycle assessment methodology. The end use of the produced syngas in a gas engine and solid oxide fuel cell was also modeled to find their maximum energy generation potential which is also technologically feasible. Furthermore, impact of anaerobic digestion of sludge in combination with the mentioned technologies was also studied resulting in a total of 9 systems. Literature review and macro modeling of the mentioned systems are used to determine the inputs and outputs over their entire lifecycle. Results from this study show that under the modeled conditions, supercritical water gasification has the potential to considerably reduce environmental impacts since it performed better than other thermochemical conversion technologies in all impact categories. This was primarily due to high energy recovery and relatively clean syngas produced. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion still produced the highest net energy per ton of sludge processed without requiring secondary fuel input. Due to large amount of energy required for drying sewage sludge and material intensive fluegascleaning, plasma gasification did not offer promising results for sewage sludge treatment. It can still however offer substantial benefits over incineration especially for waste treatment of feedstock with lower moisture content. Solid oxide fuel cell was the environmentally preferred option over gas engine for electricity generation from syngas due to low nitrous oxide emissions combined with higher energy recovery. Results in literature have shown safe shortterm combination of gasifier-solid oxide fuel cell. However, uncertainties with the respect to its long term reliability still remain. Energy generation volatility with respect to the scale of anaerobic digestion and feedstock properties for supercritical water gasification performance present two possible sources ofuncertainties to the above results. The electricity generation from anaerobic digestion is only economically feasible for capacities of 30,000 population equivalents or higher. Whereas, energy generation and consequently the environmental performance of supercritical water gasification is highly dependent on dry solids content. However, with considerable effort going into research and process optimization, this uncertainty can be eliminated soon.Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technolog
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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