3,957 research outputs found
Global burden of injury due to low bone mineral density in adults aged 55 years and older, 1990 to 2021: A population-based study
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to assess the global burden of injuries due to low bone mineral density (BMD) among adults aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and analyzing trends across sexes, age groups, and sociodemographic index (SDI) regions.
Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. Joinpoint regression quantified temporal changes in mortality and DALYs, calculating average annual percentage change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort modeling elucidated demographic influences, and decomposition analysis identified key contributors to mortality changes.
Results: Globally, in 2021, the crude DALY rate for injuries due to low BMD was 900.32 (95 % UI: 742.64 to 1081.51) per 100,000, and the crude mortality rate was 27.04 (95 % UI: 22.49 to 30.75) per 100,000. The agestandardized mortality rate for injuries due to low BMD showed no significant change from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.26 %, P = 0.071), but there was a significant increase in countries with a high SDI (AAPC 0.51 %, P = 0.001).
The burden of disease in persons aged 80 years and older remained substantial, with a slight increase. Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the main driver of increasing mortality and DALYs.
Conclusion: Despite the reductions in DALY rates, the mortality has remained stable worldwide; however, has risen significantly in high SDI countries. The substantial and slightly increasing burden of disease in people aged 80 years and older underscores the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and management of low BMD to mitigate the future global impact of these injuries.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the global burden of injuries due to low bone mineral density (BMD) among adults aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and analyzing trends across sexes, age groups, and sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. Joinpoint regression quantified temporal changes in mortality and DALYs, calculating average annual percentage change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort modeling elucidated demographic influences, and decomposition analysis identified key contributors to mortality changes. Results: Globally, in 2021, the crude DALY rate for injuries due to low BMD was 900.32 (95 % UI: 742.64 to 1081.51) per 100,000, and the crude mortality rate was 27.04 (95 % UI: 22.49 to 30.75) per 100,000. The age-standardized mortality rate for injuries due to low BMD showed no significant change from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.26 %, P = 0.071), but there was a significant increase in countries with a high SDI (AAPC 0.51 %, P = 0.001). The burden of disease in persons aged 80 years and older remained substantial, with a slight increase. Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the main driver of increasing mortality and DALYs. Conclusion: Despite the reductions in DALY rates, the mortality has remained stable worldwide; however, has risen significantly in high SDI countries. The substantial and slightly increasing burden of disease in people aged 80 years and older underscores the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and management of low BMD to mitigate the future global impact of these injuries
Pioneering a chick embryo model to explore the intrauterine etiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip in oligohydramnios conditions
No full textObjective: To explore the impact of oligohydramnios on fetal movement and hip development, given its association with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) but unclear mechanisms.
Methods: Chick embryos were divided into four groups based on the severity of oligohydramnios induced by amniotic fluid aspiration (control, 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL). Fetal movement was assessed by detection of movement and quantification of residual amniotic fluid volume. Hip joint development was assessed by gross anatomic analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for cartilage assessment, and histologic
observation at multiple time points. In addition, a subset of embryos from the 0.4 mL aspirated group underwent saline reinfusion and subsequent evaluation.
Results: Increasing volumes of aspirated amniotic fluid resulted in worsening of fetal movement restrictions (e.g., 0.4 mL aspirated and control group at E10: frequency difference −7.765 [95% CI: −9.125, −6.404]; amplitude difference −0.343 [95% CI: −0.588, −0.097]). The 0.4 mL aspirated group had significantly smaller hip measurements compared to controls, with reduced acetabular length (−0.418 [95% CI: −0.575, −0.261])
and width (−0.304 [95% CI: −0.491, −0.117]) at day E14.5. Histological analysis revealed a smaller femoral head (1.084 ± 0.264 cm) and shallower acetabulum (0.380 ± 0.106 cm) in the 0.4 mL group. Micro-CT showed cartilage matrix degeneration (13.6% [95% CI: 0.6%, 26.7%], P = 0.043 on E14.5). Saline reinfusion resulted in significant improvements in the femoral head to greater trochanter (0.578 [95% CI: 0.323, 0.833], P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Oligohydramnios can cause DDH by restricting fetal movement and disrupting hip morphogenesis in a time-dependent manner. Timely reversal of oligohydramnios during the fetal period may prevent DDH.
© 2024 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Objective: To explore the impact of oligohydramnios on fetal movement and hip development, given its association with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) but unclear mechanisms. Methods: Chick embryos were divided into four groups based on the severity of oligohydramnios induced by amniotic fluid aspiration (control, 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL). Fetal movement was assessed by detection of movement and quantification of residual amniotic fluid volume. Hip joint development was assessed by gross anatomic analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for cartilage assessment, and histologic observation at multiple time points. In addition, a subset of embryos from the 0.4 mL aspirated group underwent saline reinfusion and subsequent evaluation. Results: Increasing volumes of aspirated amniotic fluid resulted in worsening of fetal movement restrictions (e.g., 0.4 mL aspirated and control group at E10: frequency difference −7.765 [95% CI: −9.125, −6.404]; amplitude difference −0.343 [95% CI: −0.588, −0.097]). The 0.4 mL aspirated group had significantly smaller hip measurements compared to controls, with reduced acetabular length (−0.418 [95% CI: −0.575, −0.261]) and width (−0.304 [95% CI: −0.491, −0.117]) at day E14.5. Histological analysis revealed a smaller femoral head (1.084 ± 0.264 cm) and shallower acetabulum (0.380 ± 0.106 cm) in the 0.4 mL group. Micro-CT showed cartilage matrix degeneration (13.6% [95% CI: 0.6%, 26.7%], P = 0.043 on E14.5). Saline reinfusion resulted in significant improvements in the femoral head to greater trochanter (0.578 [95% CI: 0.323, 0.833], P = 0.001). Conclusions: Oligohydramnios can cause DDH by restricting fetal movement and disrupting hip morphogenesis in a time-dependent manner. Timely reversal of oligohydramnios during the fetal period may prevent DDH
Causal Link between Gut Microbiota, Neurophysiological States, and Bone Diseases: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study
No full textIncreasing evidence highlights a robust correlation between the gut microbiota and bone diseases; however, the existence of a causal relationship between them remains unclear. In this study, we thoroughly examined the correlation between gut microbiota and skeletal diseases using genome-wide association studies. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and Mendelian randomization were used to probe genetic causality. Furthermore, the potential mediating role of neuropsychological states (i.e., cognition, depression, and insomnia) between the gut microbiota and bone diseases was evaluated using mediation analysis, with genetic colocalization analysis revealing potential targets. These findings suggest a direct causal relationship between Ruminococcaceae and knee osteoarthritis (OA), which appears to be mediated by cognitive performance and insomnia. Similarly, a causal association was observed between Burkholderiales and lumbar pelvic fractures, mediated by cognitive performance. Colocalization analysis identified a shared causal variant (rs2352974) at the TRAF-interacting protein locus for cognitive ability and knee OA. This study provides compelling evidence that alterations in the gut microbiota can enhance cognitive ability, ameliorate insomnia, and potentially reduce the risk of site-specific fractures and OA. Therefore, strategies targeting gut microbiota optimization could serve as novel and effective preventive measures against fractures and OA
Revolutionizing pediatric orthopedics: GPT-4, a groundbreaking innovation or just a fleeting trend?
No full textBai pin pu wang luo zhong de jing ji xue
No full textLuo, Yuan.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 273-283).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 01, November, 2016).Luo, Yuan
Esempio di rappresentazione del sé in Lu Ling 路翎, Luo Dadou de yisheng 罗大斗的一生 (La vita di Luo Dadou)
No full textIn the story Luo Dadou’s life (Luo Dadou de yisheng 罗大斗的一生), Lu Ling 路翎 (1923-1994) gives shape to the deepness of human psyche and stresses the suffering of the Self of his age by giving a brilliant emphasis to human individuality. The author succeeds in doing so by creating an amazing psychological characterization of the main character, both by means of words and by means of grammatical structures. By applying Denton’s categories for the study of the Self in modern Chinese literature, I analysed Lu Ling’s short story from the Freudian and Kleinian psychodynamic perspective, so to demonstrate how Lu Ling enters his characters’ minds and wonderfully recreates the psychological dynamics inside and between them
Design of split-inductors applied in positive output super lift luo-converters
No full textAs the demand of the modern electronic devices and appliances are getting higher, the role of the converters with higher output and efficiency become wider for different industries. It has been the role of engineers to explore the converter topology to provide higher output voltage in simple design with less cost. There are quite a number of different ways of lifting output voltage in converter topology.The method that the author will be introducing is called “Split- Inductors Method”, where the
output voltage is totally dependent on the number of inductors used in the converter design. The
report will include a detail discussion about design and results of” split-inductors topology”,
applied to “Positive Output Super Lift Luo Converter” using software simulations and hardware
experiments.Bachelor of Engineerin
Zhong guo fan long duan he bing shen cha de bi jiao yan jiu
No full textLuo, Yi.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 336-349).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 15, November, 2016).Luo, Yi
A Study on Luo Zhi Cheng\ue2s Historical narrative poems
No full textLuo Zhi Cheng is an important poet in the field of Taiwanese modern poetry, who is known for distinctive linguistic style and intense creative consciousness that are respected. Based on his powerful imagination and flourishing creativity as two primary advantages, through the mediation of poetry, prose, remarks, and commentaries, he maximally amplifies the implication of literature, and thereby composes himself and enriches the character. Distinguished from the majority of researchers focusing on Luo\ue2s lyric works, this study particularly found a writing context of \ue2avoidance of lyric sensibility\ue2 in Luo\ue2s poems, that is, his series of works historical themes in the form of long poems utilizing narrative skills to exhibit the remarkable consistency between the internality and the externality of the author.
\ue3\ue3This study conducted a comparative investigation of Luo\ue2s poetry work (The Book of Zhuzi) and prose works (Austral Court\ue2s Notandum and The Initiation of Civilization) to build a relatively more multi-faceted \ue2author\ue2s image of Luo Zhi Cheng\ue2 according to the writing of works of historical themes. Using the methodology of narratology, I departed from the internality of the text (the collection of poems) to identify how Luo forms the ideal spectrum of character by shaping historical persons; and meanwhile, I equally departed from the collections of prose to grasp the external information of the texts, and thereby clarified that Luo may treat \ue2writing, individual, and society\ue2 as a process of self-fulfillment. It is the two corresponding identities \ue2poet\ue2 and \ue2the intellectual\ue2 that are the mechanism of his constructing self-justification. Such investigation of the internality and the externality of text confirmed the complex relationships of the sustained \ue2opposition,\ue2 \ue2coexistence,\ue2 and \ue2conflict\ue2 between Luo and his works of historical themes
The role of three-dimensionality in the development of vortex breakdown in swirling flow
No full textDirect numerical simulations of three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations are conducted using high-order numerical methods in cylindrical coordinates. Aim of the work is to examine the effect of three-dimensionality in the dynamics of vortex breakdown in swirling jets within a specific range of Reynolds numbers. The main elements of vortex breakdown are revealed in our computations, and the interaction between three-dimensional helical instabilities and the axisymmetric process of breakdown is discussed. The results confirm a general tendency of swirling flows to burst into a sequence of bubbles when the Reynolds number is increased. Comparing axisymmetric and fully three-dimensional computations, it's observed the possibility that a single or double helical structure arising in linear regime can work to extract energy from the axisymmetric waves
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