1,722,039 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Property Rights in a Weak State: Evidence from Land Pawning in Qing Taiwan (1683-1895)
No full textLand pawning is considered inefficient because it causes property rights to be unclearly delineated. Despite this, it once prevailed worldwide. We propose that this system flourished when state capacity was weak and the private sector spontaneously managed public affairs. Local collaboration made it difficult to sell land outright to an outsider who might be an unreliable collaborator. Land pawning granted the pawner’s family and neighbors a “probation” period to observe the pawnee’s behavior. If they found the pawnee irresponsible, they could still redeem the land. Data compiled from contracts in Qing Taiwan support our hypothesis
Why a master sintering curve model can be applied to the sintering of nano-sized particles?
No full textChanging clinical presentation and outcome of acute myocardial infarction in New Jersey from 1990-2004
No full textOver the past few decades, there has been a dramatic decline in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in the face of relatively stable incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the clinical presentation of AMI has been changing with more infarcts classified as subendocardial.
Objective
To explore closely the change from 1990 to 2004 in the incidence and presentation of hospitalized AMI, its case fatality, and the relationship of these changes to the decline in overall CHD mortality.
Design, Setting, and Participants
I studied hospitalized AMI cases in New Jersey from 1990-2004 (n=222,944) matched to state death records. The ECG and enzyme presentation of AMI was examined for 1990-1993 and 2001-2004 in 416 patient hospital records.
Results
CHD mortality declined by 40.8% from 1351 to 799 per 100,000, mostly in persons without an AMI hospitalization in the preceding 4-12 years. However, AMI hospitalization rate was relatively stable. The QMI hospitalization rate declined by approximately 50% in every age group; in contrast, the NQMI hospitalization rate increased 2 to 3 fold in each age group. Crude in-hospital case-fatality decreased from 13.4% in 1990 to 8.8% in 2004 for QMI patients while it increased slightly for NQMI. The 1-year case fatality of QMI decreased from 22.5% in 1990 to 17.8% in 2004 but the 1-year case fatality of NQMI patients increased from 18.3% in 1990 to 23.7% in 2004. Hospital record reviews confirmed a substantial decrease in the frequency of ST elevation and Q wave development in AMI admissions across the study period.
A decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) case-fatality and a marked increase in NCVD case-fatality in four years were observed. The decline in CVD deaths might be attributed by the mix of cases which included milder MIs detected by troponins and possibly more severe cases that underwent revascularization before Q wave develop. One of the contributors to this increasing trend in NCVD deaths might be diabetes, which is known to be associated with higher mortality for both CVD and NCVD. The increasing prevalence of DM may play a significant role in increasing overall deaths, especially among patients following subendocardial infarction.
Conclusion
Changing clinical presentation of AMI and a worsening prognosis of subendocardial infarction suggest that the pathogenesis of CHD changed significantly during the 15 year study period. The worsening prognosis of subendocardial AMI deserves attention.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-78)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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