1,720,953 research outputs found
Biomolecular transport at and through two-dimensional materials
No full textTwo-dimensional (2D) materials have transformed single molecule nanoscale manipulation and molecular detection. Graphene is one such 2D material whose single-atom thickness and high in-plane electrical conductivity enables potential nanopore sensing applications for controllable nanofluidics and nanopore sensing applications conducive towards biomolecule sequencing. A nanopore sequencer operates by recording the ionic current as a single-stranded DNA molecule is electrophoretically driven through a nanopore; ionic current blockades unique to each nucleotide provide a key to the sequence readout. 2D materials provide the ultimate resolution by isolating one or two nucleotides in the nanopore at a given instance. A major challenge limiting the applications of nanopores for sequencing is the stochastic transport of DNA through the nanopore contributing to noise in the readout.
Experiments have tested DNA transport though graphene nanopores however the strong hydrophobic interactions between DNA and graphene limit DNA capture and transport. To increase throughput, exper- iments tested geometric modifications and chemical functionalization of the nanopore as well as altering the solvent conditions to control the passage of DNA through the nanopore with varying degrees of success. To optimize and test the design of nanopores in 2D materials, an atomistic description of these processes is extremely valuable.
Here, several modalities of controlling DNA and ion transport through graphene nanopores are compre- hensively investigated using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The first modality is an application of local electric potentials on the surface of free-standing graphene membranes to limit the transport speed of DNA. Charge on the graphene membrane was discovered to limit DNA transport as well as effect the conformation of adsorbed DNA on the surface of graphene. Similar potentials applied on the surface of graphene-silica-graphene hetrostructures were found to modulate the ion selectivity and induce ionic current rectification useful to serve as elements of a nanofluidic circuit. The second modality focuses on a con- trolled method of DNA delivery to the nanopore by harnessing the strong physioadsorption of DNA onto graphene and defects naturally present on the surface of graphene to guide the lateral transport of DNA to the nanopore opening. The defect guided delivery method may be potentially be used for precise delivery, concentration and storage of scarce biomolecular species and on-demand chemical reactions. Transport of DNA through the 2D material MoS2 in a specialized viscosity gradient was also investigated to determine the nature of molecular transport in unique solvent conditions. Lipid transport diffusion on graphene and the osmotic permeability and selectivity of the biological nanopore OmpF were characterized in conjunction with experiments. Results presented in this dissertation provide key insights into the design of solid-state nanopore based DNA sequencing devices.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Manish Shankla, accepted the attached license on 2019-11-20 at 09:29.The student, Manish Shankla, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-11-20 at 09:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-11-21 at 11:09.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14572 on 2020-02-28 at 17:36:27Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:38:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
SHANKLA-DISSERTATION-2019.pdf: 69032129 bytes, checksum: 79dc1219fbbc66110350ce7966c98698 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: cc67789edc17353f37efac9ea25a8072 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2019-11-21Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113994
Lift date: 2022-03-02T22:39:04Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 113994 on 2022-03-03T10:15:30Z
Biomolecular transport at and through two-dimensional materials
No full textTwo-dimensional (2D) materials have transformed single molecule nanoscale manipulation and molecular detection. Graphene is one such 2D material whose single-atom thickness and high in-plane electrical conductivity enables potential nanopore sensing applications for controllable nanofluidics and nanopore sensing applications conducive towards biomolecule sequencing. A nanopore sequencer operates by recording the ionic current as a single-stranded DNA molecule is electrophoretically driven through a nanopore; ionic current blockades unique to each nucleotide provide a key to the sequence readout. 2D materials provide the ultimate resolution by isolating one or two nucleotides in the nanopore at a given instance. A major challenge limiting the applications of nanopores for sequencing is the stochastic transport of DNA through the nanopore contributing to noise in the readout.
Experiments have tested DNA transport though graphene nanopores however the strong hydrophobic interactions between DNA and graphene limit DNA capture and transport. To increase throughput, exper- iments tested geometric modifications and chemical functionalization of the nanopore as well as altering the solvent conditions to control the passage of DNA through the nanopore with varying degrees of success. To optimize and test the design of nanopores in 2D materials, an atomistic description of these processes is extremely valuable.
Here, several modalities of controlling DNA and ion transport through graphene nanopores are compre- hensively investigated using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The first modality is an application of local electric potentials on the surface of free-standing graphene membranes to limit the transport speed of DNA. Charge on the graphene membrane was discovered to limit DNA transport as well as effect the conformation of adsorbed DNA on the surface of graphene. Similar potentials applied on the surface of graphene-silica-graphene hetrostructures were found to modulate the ion selectivity and induce ionic current rectification useful to serve as elements of a nanofluidic circuit. The second modality focuses on a con- trolled method of DNA delivery to the nanopore by harnessing the strong physioadsorption of DNA onto graphene and defects naturally present on the surface of graphene to guide the lateral transport of DNA to the nanopore opening. The defect guided delivery method may be potentially be used for precise delivery, concentration and storage of scarce biomolecular species and on-demand chemical reactions. Transport of DNA through the 2D material MoS2 in a specialized viscosity gradient was also investigated to determine the nature of molecular transport in unique solvent conditions. Lipid transport diffusion on graphene and the osmotic permeability and selectivity of the biological nanopore OmpF were characterized in conjunction with experiments. Results presented in this dissertation provide key insights into the design of solid-state nanopore based DNA sequencing devices.LimitedAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD syste
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
