1,720,987 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Supply and Value Chain Analysis in the Marketing of Marine Dried Fish in Bangladesh and Non Tariff Measures (NTMs) in International Trading
Full text linkIn Bangladesh 7.3 million people live in the coastal fishing villages whose livelihood someway depends on marine fishing. About 20 percent of total marine catch dried round the year and marketed both in domestic and international market. In the supply chain of marine dried fish marketing four intermediary stakeholders are involved between producers and consumers. Besides, involvement of backward stakeholders with the primary producer is considerably high that results 22 percent value addition to raw fish. The value addition is found highest 105 percent from wholesaler to retailer, followed by 90 percent from wholesaler to exporter. In long supply chain profitability is not as high as the value added. In contrary both the profit maximization and profit distribution are considerably higher in a short supply chain. Supermarket secure as high as 150 percent profit. In all cases, primary producers secure less profit, only 5 to 8 percent whereas their involvement in terms of labor, time etc. is the highest. The major cause of price exploitation is dadan (non institutional money lending) that make producers bound to go for 'conditional engagement' in fish drying business. In relation to dry fish export, the increasing non-tariff measures (NTMs) acts as critical barrier despite having huge international market demand. The WTO SPS and TBT agreements impose a bound obligation to the exporting member countries to improve food quality as per set international standard, but the compliance cost related to SPS obligation is too high, and the government is reluctant, otherwise unable to meet the set criteria. The study recommends appropriate policy intervention for financing dry fish producers and to strengthen domestic technical regulations to overcome technical barriers to dry fish trading in international market.International Relations/Trade,
Behaviour of infilled rehabilitation system with composites for steel pipe
Full text linkFibre-reinforced polymer-based composites are found effective and suitable for steel pipe repairs because of their unique advantages such as high strength, lightweight, non-corrosive, and fast and easy to handle. In this study, the behaviour of a new type of composite repair system for steel pipelines underwater, which is the grouted composite sleeve, was investigated. This type of repair system relies on the effective transfer of stresses from the steel pipe to the encircling composite sleeve through the grout infill. Research was therefore necessary in optimising the material and geometric properties of each component of this system in order to have a betterunderstanding on its overall behaviour and its effectiveness in repairing steel pipelines.
An experimental study on the mechanical, thermal and shrinkage properties of five epoxy-based grouts commonly used for structural repair was conducted. Three grouts have compressive strength of more than 80 MPa and total shrinkages of only 2.77%, which were deemed applicable for structural repair of steel pipelines. Moreover, the glass transition temperature of these grouts ranges from 50 to 90oC. The inclusion of coarse filler significantly increased the modulus and compressive strength, and reduced the shrinkage, but also reduced the tensile strength. There was considerable reduction in mechanical properties due to hot-wet conditioning at 70oC. This is because of the plasticisation and weakening of the aggregate matrix debonding at a temperature close to the glass transition temperature.
The glass fibre – vinyl ester composites considered in this study have strength and modulus suitable for sleeve in the grouted sleeve repair system. The tensile strength, modulus and interlaminar shear strength of this composite was 427 MPa, 25 GPa and 30 MPa, respectively and its glass transition temperature was 110oC. It absorbed only 0.22% of moisture after hot-wet conditioning of 3000 hours. More importantly, there was almost no change in the modulus and it retained sufficient tensile and interlaminar shear strength needed for a composite sleeve repair system even after exposure to moisture and elevated temperature of 80°C. The glass transition temperature decreased to 97°C after conditioning and reached saturation indicating that, the composite was suitable for pipeline repair in continuous service at higher temperature.
A finite element analysis using a simplified 2D model was conducted to determine the effect of critical parameters on the behaviour of a grouted composite sleeve repair system. Grout modulus and thickness, and sleeve thickness were considered for the analysis. The results of the analyses indicated that the thinner and higher modulus grouts are more effective to transfer load from the steel to the sleeve than the thicker and lower modulus grouts. Similarly, a thicker sleeve reduced the level of stresses and strains in all the components of the repair. Based on the results of the analysis, it was recommended that a grout thickness of 20 mm with a modulus of at least 5 GPa was appropriate for an effective grouted repair system and for practical application.
A full-scale 3D analysis was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the repair system for steel pipelines with a range of localised metal loss. The results of the analyses indicated that the modulus of the infill grout governs the load transfer between the steel and the sleeve, but the tensile strength governs the functionality of the system. The cracking of the grout resulted in a significant increase in the stress level in the steel pipeline and composite sleeve. The repair system using grout with a higher tensile strength provided a higher pipe capacity by utilising the plasticity of the steel, while the grout with a lower tensile strength cracks even before yielding of the yielding at a low applied internal pressure. Moreover, a thicker sleeve provided higher capacity in the repaired pipe, and both the carbon and glass fibre composites were found effective for composite sleeve repair system. Most importantly, it was determined that the considered grouted composite sleeve repair system can effectively reinstate the capacity of the pipelines with a localised defect of up to 70% metal loss.
An improved understanding on the behaviour of the grouted composite sleeve repair system for pipeline with metal loss was achieved in this study, providing a base knowledge from which further research could continue. The results obtained provided important information on the optimal material properties of the infill grout and the composite sleeve for an effective repair system and the effect of different operating conditions on the overall behaviour of the repaired steel pipelines. These results are very valuable and will help researchers, engineers and stakeholders to consider the actual application and implementation of this new composite system in repairing steel pipeline
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Superplasticizer and shrinkage reducing admixture dosages for microfine cement in grout systems
No full textGrouts have numerous applications including crack repair as maintenance in construction industries. Microfine cements are intensively used for high strength mortar and grout products. They are ideal for injection grouting in structural repair. Such grouts should have suitable rheological properties to be injectable, especially those used in repair and rehabilitation. The use of superplasticizers (SP) in these products is thus becoming increasingly crucial to achieve favorable workability and viscosity properties. A difficulty in such grouts is the plastic shrinkage due to finer particles used. It is thus necessary to determine optimum SP and shrinkage reducing admixture (SRA) dosages for a microfine cement based grout. In this study, a saturation dosage was decided from two Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) based SPs in relation to neat cement using slump flow and rheological parameters. A range of grout mixtures was formulated containing micro silica (MS) and fly ash (FA), and tested for suitable rheological and mechanical parameters. Based on the results, a grout mixture with MS and FA was selected to determine optimum SRA content. According to the results, a SP dosage of 3% by weight of neat cement is sufficient to achieve saturation. The grout material including MS and FA can produce comparable properties to neat cement grout. MS is found to improve compressive strength within the range considered, whereas a higher FA content provides favourable rheological properties. Finally, a SRA dosage of 4%, which could reduce the shrinkage by about 43% after 28d days, is determined for the grout system
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