1,720,982 research outputs found
Additive Manufacturing for Construction
No full textAdditive Manufacturing for Construction reveals additive manufacturing technologies for building and construction applications. It introduces digital and multiuse technologies for civil applications and informs the reader of their design properties and uses. The book explores on-site and off-site construction techniques, and features design strategies in additive manufacturing which will eliminate production difficulties and minimise assembly costs, from both the academic and the industrial perspectives. The unique capabilities of additive manufacturing technologies for large-scale applications combined with 'design for manufacturing' strategies are shown, allowing the reader to understand efficient structural shapes and forms which can provide appropriate level of structural performance with reduced use of materials and resources.Additive Manufacturing for Construction reveals additive manufacturing technologies for building and construction applications. It introduces digital and multiuse technologies for civil applications and informs the reader of their design properties and uses. The book explores on-site and off-site construction techniques, and features design strategies in additive manufacturing which will eliminate production difficulties and minimise assembly costs, from both the academic and the industrial perspectives. The unique capabilities of additive manufacturing technologies for large-scale applications combined with 'design for manufacturing' strategies are shown, allowing the reader to understand efficient structural shapes and forms which can provide appropriate level of structural performance with reduced use of materials and resources. This book gathers knowledge of multidisciplinary investigations into one book to answer challenges and difficulties faced by the construction industry and includes: extrusion-based concrete additive manufacturing particle bed additive manufacturing shotcrete additive manufacturing wire-and-arc metal additive manufacturing simulation modelling of concrete 3D printing Additive Manufacturing for Construction is of interest to those in academia and industry including architects, civil engineers, material engineers, manufacturing and industrial engineers, mechatronic engineers and construction experts with an interest/professional requirement to know about large-scale additive manufacturing technologies
Predicting compressive strength of 3D printed mortar in structural members using machine learning
Full text linkMachine learning is the discipline of learning commands in the computer machine to predict and expect the results of real application and is currently the most promising simulation in artificial intelligence. This paper aims at using different algorithms to calculate and predict the compressive strength of extrusion 3DP concrete (cement mortar). The investigation is carried out using multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm (MOGOA) and artificial neural network (ANN). Given that the accuracy of a machine learning method depends on the number of data records, and for concrete 3D printing, this number is limited to few years of study, this work develops a new method by combining both methodologies into an ANNMOGOA approach to predict the compressive strength of 3D-printed concrete. Some promising results in the iteration process are achieved
Editorial: Additive manufacturing in construction
Full text linkThe adoption of digital solutions in construction has proved to reduce the environmental footprint in the building sector while supporting the circular economy and increasing work safety. The application of additive manufacturing (AM) [or else 3D printing (3DP)] technologies contributes to reducing material waste, simplifying resource recapture, and achieving geometrical flexibility in built design. All these features make AM particularly suitable for realizing a new generation of resource-efficient technologies in construction. Indeed, the use of computational design to create new structural forms has been limited by the conventional building production processes, which often does not allow to complete design freedom. With the advent of AM processes in construction, the use of structural optimization tools could potentially enable the realization of a new class in optimizing structures
An environmental sustainability roadmap for partially substituting agricultural waste for sand in cement blocks
Full text linkAgricultural waste can be used in cement block production for a number of reasons, including its environmental, economic, and labor benefits. This study examines the mechanical, durability, and cost-effectiveness characteristics of cement blocks. A cement block made from agriculture waste promotes sustainable construction practices, since waste agriculture is often dumped in landfills and regarded as a waste material. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions produced by the construction sector, either from the firing of clay bricks or from the production of cement, contribute significantly to global warming. In many developing countries, air pollution from agricultural activities is primarily accounted for the emissions from agricultural machinery and openly burning agro-waste. Farming is one of the leading causes of water and soil pollution. Hence, adopting agricultural waste into cement production would significantly reduce the environmental impact of concrete structures. The goal of this research is to determine whether agricultural waste products, such as vermiculite, pistachio shells, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut husks, can be used to substitute sand in concrete blocks. The water absorption capacity of waste materials, density, flexural strength, fire resistance, and compressive strength of waste materials as admixtures in concrete were evaluated using experimental tests. In most cases, the concrete blocks made from agricultural waste were strong enough to satisfy ASTM standards. The specimens containing coconut husks and pistachio shells, among others, were found to be fairly strong and durable, even when isolating them from water
Large-Scale 3D Printing for Construction Application by Means of Robotic Arm and Gantry 3D Printer: A Review
Full text linkAdditive manufacturing technologies are becoming more popular in various industries, including the construction industry. Currently, construction 3D printing is sufficiently well studied from an academic point of view, leading towards the transition from experimental to mass large-scale construction. Most questions arise about the applicability of construction 3D printers for printing entire buildings and structures. This paper provides an overview of the different types of construction 3D printing technologies currently in use, and their fundamental differences, as well as some significant data on the advantages of using these advanced technologies in construction. A description of the requirements for composite printing is also provided, with possible issues that may arise when switching from lab-scale construction printing to mass large-scale printing. All printers using additive manufacturing technologies for construction are divided into three types: robotic arm printers, portal-type printers, and gantry 3D printers. It is noted that gantry printers are more suitable for large-scale printing since some of their configurations have the ability to construct buildings that are practically unlimited in size. In addition, all printers are not capable of printing with concrete containing a coarse aggregate, which is a necessary requirement in terms of the strength and economic feasibility of 3D printing material for large-scale applications
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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