1,720,961 research outputs found
Restrictions, Challenges and Opportunities for AI and ML
Full text linkArtificial intelligence (AI) refers to a collection of techniques that are being developed to address a wide variety of practical problems. Machine learning (ML) is the backbone of artificial intelligence (AI), comprising a suite of algorithms and techniques designed to solve the issues of categorization, clustering, and prediction. There are bright prospects for putting AI and ML to use in the real world. As a result, there is a lot of study being done in this field. However, mainstream adoption of AI in industry and its widespread use in society are still in their infancy. For understanding the obstacles involved with mainstream AI implementations, both the AI (internal problems) and societal (external problems) viewpoints are required. With this in mind, we can determine what has to happen first to get AI technology into the hands of industry and the public. This article identifies and discusses some of the obstacles to using artificial intelligence in resource-based economies and societies. Publications in the field form the basis for the systematic application of AI&ML technology. This methodical approach makes it possible to define institutional, human resource, societal, and technological constraints. This paper provides a roadmap for future research in artificial intelligence and machine learning that will help us overcome current obstacles and broaden the range of these technologies\u27 potential uses
Restrictions, Challenges and Opportunities for AI and ML
Full text linkArtificial intelligence (AI) refers to a collection of techniques that are being developed to address a wide variety of practical problems. Machine learning (ML) is the backbone of artificial intelligence (AI), comprising a suite of algorithms and techniques designed to solve the issues of categorization, clustering, and prediction. There are bright prospects for putting AI and ML to use in the real world. As a result, there is a lot of study being done in this field. However, mainstream adoption of AI in industry and its widespread use in society are still in their infancy. For understanding the obstacles involved with mainstream AI implementations, both the AI (internal problems) and societal (external problems) viewpoints are required. With this in mind, we can determine what has to happen first to get AI technology into the hands of industry and the public. This article identifies and discusses some of the obstacles to using artificial intelligence in resource-based economies and societies. Publications in the field form the basis for the systematic application of AI&ML technology. This methodical approach makes it possible to define institutional, human resource, societal, and technological constraints. This paper provides a roadmap for future research in artificial intelligence and machine learning that will help us overcome current obstacles and broaden the range of these technologies\u27 potential uses
Bridging the Divide of Formal and Informal Transit in Urban Areas - Considering Multidimensional Aspects of Sustainability
Full text linkPublic transport in cities across the developing world is fundamentally shaped by the dualism of formal and informal services. Informal transport modes, including minibusses, shared taxis, and auto-rickshaws, are not merely supplementary but are essential components of the urban mobility ecosystem, providing critical connectivity for marginalized communities. Contemporary scholarship advocates for a multifaceted evaluation of these systems to capture their full socio-economic, environmental, and operational impact. This paper conducts a systematic literature review to synthesize existing assessment frameworks for public transport. The findings reveal a significant gap: current methodologies often fail to integrate the core dimensions of sustainability—social, economic, and environmental—with emerging imperatives like climate resilience and comprehensive regulatory and technological considerations. By mapping the state of the art, this review underscores the necessity for a more holistic evaluation paradigm, focusing on frameworks that move beyond a simple formal-informal divide to foster comprehensive understanding and strategic integration
Bridging the Divide of Formal and Informal Transit in Urban Areas - Considering Multidimensional Aspects of Sustainability
Full text linkPublic transport in cities across the developing world is fundamentally shaped by the dualism of formal and informal services. Informal transport modes, including minibusses, shared taxis, and auto-rickshaws, are not merely supplementary but are essential components of the urban mobility ecosystem, providing critical connectivity for marginalized communities. Contemporary scholarship advocates for a multifaceted evaluation of these systems to capture their full socio-economic, environmental, and operational impact. This paper conducts a systematic literature review to synthesize existing assessment frameworks for public transport. The findings reveal a significant gap: current methodologies often fail to integrate the core dimensions of sustainability—social, economic, and environmental—with emerging imperatives like climate resilience and comprehensive regulatory and technological considerations. By mapping the state of the art, this review underscores the necessity for a more holistic evaluation paradigm, focusing on frameworks that move beyond a simple formal-informal divide to foster comprehensive understanding and strategic integration
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Bridging Global Frameworks and Local Realities: Towards Localizing the City Essentials Approach in Pakistan’s Urban Planning Systems
Full text linkCities across the Global South are increasingly exposed to compound and cascading risks—ranging from climate-induced disasters to governance, infrastructure, and institutional failures. Global frameworks such as the UNDRR Making Cities Resilient 2030 (MCR2030) Campaign, the City Resilience Index (CRI), UN-Habitat’s City Resilience Profiling Tool (CRPT), and the ISO 37123 Indicators for Resilient Cities have collectively redefined resilience as a governance-driven, system-wide process. However, their translation into the planning and institutional realities of developing countries remains partial and fragmented. This paper bridges these global frameworks with local contexts through a comparative synthesis that identifies areas of convergence—such as governance, preparedness, and coordination—and divergence in adaptability, innovation, and modularity. Focusing on Pakistan as a representative case, the study examines how the City Essentials Approach under MCR2030 can be embedded within national and local urban planning systems to operationalize resilience. Findings from the comparative review reveal that frameworks like MCR2030 and LGSAT align with Pakistan’s disaster management architecture (NDMA–PDMA), while data-intensive tools such as CRI and ISO 37123 remain constrained by limited institutional capacity. The paper proposes the City Essentials Localization Pathway (CELP) as a conceptual bridge to integrate global principles into local governance, enabling performance-based resilience assessment, policy coherence, and data-driven decision-making within Pakistan’s urban systems
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