13,713 research outputs found
Optical Absorption Cross Section of Individual Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Visible Region
No full textPioneers of Library Movement in Pakistan
No full textThe paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders
Growth, Characterization & Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials
No full textThe purpose of this research is to develop and improve the process of massive growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Beside the growth of CNTs and their potential applications, CNTs based polymer composites properties were also explored. The thesis may be divided into two major sections. In the first section a comprehensive introduction to carbon nanomaterials specifically CNTs (which includes the structure, types, growth mechanism and techniques, characterization techniques and properties) is described. Then the CVD growth procedure adopted in our lab to grow different carbon nanomaterials in particular Multiwall Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) under differential experimental conditions is discussed. We have grown upto 3mm thick MWCNTs carpet on Si substrate with MWCNTs diameter in the range 20nm-80nm. The individual length of MWCNTs is as long as few hundreds of micrometer. MWCNTs based structures were also grown on patterned surfaces. The patterning of the surfaces is performed by soft photolithography. These MWCNT structures have very interesting applications e.g. a). The vertical cylinders were use to produce SiC hollow cylinders, and b). CNT based fins grown on Si substrate were used to enhance the convective heat transfer properties. Several treatments (thermal annealing, acid treatment and plasma treatment) were also performed on MWCNTs in order to modify their characteristics. These procedures are useful for purification, functionalization and graphitization of MWCNTs. The second section about CNT based polymer composites starts with the brief introduction to polymer composites, processing techniques, major issues in mixing the CNTs in different polymers and finally the mixing tools used for better dispersion. The optical characterization of PDMS based MWCNTs composites films are studied. These films can have application in optical limiting devices. Furthermore, the transparency of these films is also used to calculate a unique parameter absorption cross section of a single MWCNT. The absorption cross section of individual MWCNTs having widely different aspect ratios scales with their volume. The approximation of absorption cross section per carbon atom is also in close agreement with that of graphite. The electrical conductivity phenomena in epoxy based carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) composites are also discussed. A total number of 16 types of different CNMs were used. Several conduction behaviors have been found e.g. from highly conductive CNTs which showed linear Ohmic curve, to non-linear diode-like trend to completely insulating one. The best performances have been reached by the shortest and thinner MWCNTs (both as grown and slightly functionalized with COOH groups), which can underline that small fillers can be better dispersed inside the composite and create a better conductive net within the matrix. We have also applied physical models such as the percolation theory and the fluctuation mediated tunnelling theory to the most conductive nanocomposites, with poor agreement between experimental data and theoretical prediction. Finally, we applied a recently revised model based on tunnelling-percolation theory and obtained a good fit between experimental and theoretical result
Application of genus Cassia in the treatment of Constipation: A systematic review
No full textMeta-analysis of genus Cassi
Application of genus Cassia in the treatment of Constipation: A systematic review
No full textMeta-analysis of genus Cassi
Leishmaniasis: A Serious Public Health Concern in Pakistan
No full text1*Mustafa, M.S., 1Imran M., 1Sindhu, Z.D., 1Khan M.K., 1Malik, M.A., 1Naseer, M.U. and 2Qudoos, A.
*Corresponding presenter: Muhammad Shahzad Mustafa
1*Research Focus: Protozoology
1*Student Level: M.Phil. Scholar
1 [email protected]
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
2 Central Hi-Tech Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakista
Nitrogen-enriched compost application combined with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improves seed quality and nutrient use efficiency of sunflower
No full textEcological benefits associated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculants offer a promising integrated nutrient management option to counteract plant nitrogen (N) deficiency. We performed field experiments to evaluate the effect of integrated N fertilizer regime involving chemical N fertilizer (CNF) and N-enriched compost (NEC), either alone or combined with selected PGPR (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on sunflower seed quality, N use efficiency (NUE) and soil fertility during 2014-2015. We found that integrated N biofertilizer application resulted in significantly higher seed oil concentration, fatty acid composition, and harvest index in both cropping years. Greater effects on N yield efficiency (NYE), N use efficiency (NUE), N physiological efficiency (NPE), and photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE) were recorded in nitrogen-enriched compost+PGPR inoculant (NECPI) treatment followed by chemical N fertilizer+PGPR inoculant (CNFPI) treatment. Statistically significant differences were observed in linoleic and linolenic acid, NYE, and NUE for treatment x year interaction, thus, suggesting that the integrated N biofertilizer approach facilitates the efficient N use by sunflower for improving yield and seed quality. Moreover, we also found considerable enhancement of soil N fertility after two consecutive cropping years of sunflower. The enhancement of seed quality, N use efficiencies, and soil N fertility through integrated N biofertilizer application emphasizes the importance of balanced crop N nutrition, ensuring sufficient N supply to sunflower with adequate N balance in soil for the next crop. Overall, combination of PGPR with NEC amendment may optimize N uptake efficiency and reduce N fertilizer losses, which is necessarily required for the sustainable sunflower production.ECO
In-Situ Spectroscopic Analyses of the Dye Uptake on ZnO and TiO2 Photoanodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
No full textUV-Vis spectroscopic measurements have been performed on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) photoanodes at different dye impregnation times ranging from few minutes to 24 hours. In addition to the traditional absorbance experiments, based on diffuse and specular reflectance of dye impregnated thin films and on the desorption of dye molecules from the photoanodes by means of a basic solution, an alternative In-Situ solution depletion measurement, which enables fast and continuous evaluation of dye uptake, has been employed. Two different nanostructured semiconducting oxide films (mesoporous TiO2 and sponge-like ZnO) and two different dyes, the traditional Ruthenizer 535-bisTBA (N719) and a newly introduced metal-free organic dye based on a hemi-squaraine molecule (CT1), have been analyzed. DSSCs have been fabricated with the dye-impregnated photoanodes using a customized microfluidic architecture. The dye adsorption results are discussed and correlated to the obtained DSSC electrical performances such as photovoltaic conversion efficiencies and Incident Photon-to-electron Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) spectra. It is shown that simple UV-Vis measurements can give useful insights on the dye adsorption mechanisms and on the evaluation of the optimal impregnation time
Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials.
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Muhammad Shahzad, which was incorrectly given as Muhammad Shehzad. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article
sj-pdf-3-smo-10.1177_20503121231222822 – Supplemental material for Incidence and characteristics of ligamentous knee injuries accompanying a femur shaft fracture and their association with injury mechanism and fracture characteristics: A prospective-observational study in a low-middle-income country
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-3-smo-10.1177_20503121231222822 for Incidence and characteristics of ligamentous knee injuries accompanying a femur shaft fracture and their association with injury mechanism and fracture characteristics: A prospective-observational study in a low-middle-income country by Muhammad Hamza Dawood, Muhammad Gulfam Shahzad, Haseefa Perveen, Muhammad Daniyal, Sheza Sohail and Mavra Roshan in SAGE Open Medicine</p
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