123 research outputs found
Matricaria perforata (Scentless Chamomile) : Scentless Chamomile
No full textClass: Dicotyledoneae
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Matricaria
Species: perforat
Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Population With Low Meat Consumption: The Golestan Cohort Study
No full textINTRODUCTION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the most common liver disease in the world, can range from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis. We evaluated the association between meat consumption and risk of NAFLD in the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).METHODS: The GCS enrolled 50,045 participants, aged 40-75 years in Iran. Dietary information was collected using a 116-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2004-2008). A random sample of 1,612 cohort members participated in a liver-focused study in 2011. NAFLD was ascertained through ultrasound. Total red meat consumption and total white meat consumption were categorized into quartiles based on the GCS population, with the first quartile as the referent group. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: The median intake of total red meat was 17 and total white meat was 53 g/d. During follow-up, 505 individuals (37.7%) were diagnosed with NAFLD, and 124 of them (9.2%) had elevated alanine transaminase. High total red meat consumption (ORQ4 vs Q1 = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.06-2.38, P trend = 0.03) and organ meat consumption (ORQ4 vs Q1 = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.19-2.44, P trend = 0.003) were associated with NAFLD. Total white meat, chicken, or fish consumption did not show significant associations with NAFLD.[GRAPHICS].DISCUSSION: In this population with low consumption of red meat, individuals in the highest group of red meat intake were at increased odds of NAFLD. Furthermore, this is the first study to show an association between organ meat consumption and NAFLD (see Visual Abstract, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B944)
Exploring user comfort in automated driving: A qualitative study with younger and older users using the Wizard-Of-Oz method
No full textAs the introduction of automated vehicles (AVs) into road traffic accelerates, establishing user acceptance is increasingly crucial. User comfort, largely influenced by the AVs' driving styles, is one of the essential factors influencing acceptance. This video submission provides a methodological overview of a qualitative interview study, which used a Wizard-of-Oz method to investigate participants' comfort levels during automated driving on real roads. By understanding the specific comfort experiences of both older and younger users, we can inform the design process for AVs, thereby enhancing user experience and facilitating broader acceptance of technology across a more diverse and inclusive demographic spectrum.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and PlanningCorporate Innovation
NOTES ON MALESIAN FUNGI—II* On the genera Auricularia, Hirneola, and Laschia
No full text1. After discussing the outer characters of the three genera Auricularia Bull,ex Merat, Hirneola Fr. (1848), and Laschia Fr., now often combined into a singlegenus, the author concludes that there is every reason to follow Bresadola and tokeep Auricularia and Hirneola apart as distinct genera, and to enter Laschia intoHirneola.2. It is pointed out that in Hirneola the hymenophore is not invariably inferior.3. The author once more discusses the desirability of conserving the nameHirneola Fr. 1848. He withdraws his previous proposal for conservation of AuriculariaBull, ex Brongn. 1824.4. The new combination Hirneola nigricans (Sw. ex Fr.) Donk is proposed.5. It is possible that the correct name for the Judas' ear is Hirneola auricula(L. ex Mexat) H. Karst
Contact with ruminants is associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk
No full textThe etiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the high risk area of northern Iran is only partially known. We aimed to investigate prolonged animal contact as a risk factor for ESCC in this population. From 2003 to 2007, we administered a validated questionnaire to 300 ESCC cases and 571 randomly selected controls matched for neighborhood of residence, age (±2 years) and sex. Questions on lifelong exposure to equines, ruminants, canines, and poultry, including duration and level of contact, were asked in a face-to-face interviews. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusted for potential confounders. A total of 94.7% of cases and 68.7% of controls reported lifelong history of contact with ruminants. After controlling for potential confounders, contact with ruminants was associated with an eightfold increase (95% CI: 3.92-14.86) in risk of ESCC, and increments in duration of contact raised the risk estimates in a dose-dependent manner. Contact with equines and poultry did not significantly change associated OR for ESCC risk and contact with ruminants. OR (95% CI) for contact with canines was 1.99 (1.35-2.93) which after exclusion of contact with ruminants was not significant (OR for contact only with canine: 3.18, 95% CI: 0.73-13.17). These results add to the evidence that contact with ruminants may increase the risk of ESCC. © 2014 UICC
Causes of premature death and their associated risk factors in the Golestan Cohort Study, Iran
No full textObjectives To examine the causes of premature mortality (<70 years) and associated risk factors in the Golestan Cohort Study. Design Prospective. Setting The Golestan Cohort Study in northeastern Iran. Participants 50 045 people aged 40 or more participated in this population-based study from baseline (2004-2008) to August 2017, with over 99% success follow-up rate. Main outcome measures The top causes of premature death, HR and their 95% CI and population attributable fraction (PAF) for risk factors. Results After 444 168 person-years of follow-up (median of 10 years), 6347 deaths were reported, of which 4018 (63.3%) occurred prematurely. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) accounted for 33.9% of premature death, followed by stroke (14.0%), road injuries (4.7%), stomach cancer (4.6%) and oesophageal cancer (4.6%). Significant risk/protective factors were: wealth score (HR for highest vs lowest quintile: 0.57, PAF for lowest four quintiles vs top quintile: 28%), physical activity (highest vs lowest tertile: 0.67, lowest two tertiles vs top tertile: 22%), hypertension (1.50, 19%), opium use (1.69, 14%), education (middle school or higher vs illiterate: 0.84, illiterate or primary vs middle school or higher: 13%), tobacco use (1.38, 11%), diabetes (2.39, 8%) and vegetable/fruit consumption (highest vs lowest tertile: 0.87, lowest two tertiles vs top tertile: 8%). Collectively, these factors accounted for 76% of PAF in men and 69% in women. Conclusion IHD and stroke are the leading causes of premature mortality in the Golestan Cohort Study. Enhancing socioeconomic status and physical activity, reducing opium and tobacco use, increasing vegetable/fruit consumption and controlling hypertension and diabetes are recommended to reduce premature deaths
Interrelationships among predictors of automated vehicle acceptance: a structural equation modelling approach
No full textThe study investigated the interrelationships between the UTAUT2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) constructs predicting intentions to use driverless automated shuttles. Survey data was gathered from individuals physically experiencing an automated shuttle in a mixed traffic environment on public roads in Trikala (Greece) as part of the CityMobil2 project. Structural equation modelling showed that intentions to use automated shuttles were most strongly driven by hedonic motivation, followed by performance expectancy and social influence. Performance expectancy mediated the relationship between effort expectancy and behavioural intention. This means that people's expectations of how difficult automated shuttles will be to use and their intentions to use them can be explained through their expectations around how these vehicles will perform. Technology savviness was a negative moderator of the relationship between social influence and performance expectancy and facilitating conditions, respectively. Tech-savvy individuals rely less on their social networks to nurture their beliefs that automated shuttles are useful and to have the necessary resources to use automated shuttles. Car use was a negative predictor of the intention to use automated shuttles. Future research should revisit the interrelationships between the UTAUT2 constructs and apply (quasi-) experimental studies to unravel the temporal interaction between constructs.Relevance to human factors/Relevance to ergonomics theoryThe study investigated the interrelationships between the UTAUT2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) constructs predicting intentions to use driverless automated shuttles. Survey data from individuals physically experiencing an automated shuttle in Trikala (Greece) as part of the CityMobil2 project was analysed by structural equation modeling. Examining the interrelationships between the UTAUT2 constructs enables us to identify underlying beliefs and devise adequate strategies to promote automated vehicle acceptance. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2020.1814446.Transport and PlanningIntelligent Vehicle
User acceptance of automated shuttles in Berlin-Schöneberg: A questionnaire study
No full textAutomated shuttles are now in a prototyping phase in several research projects. However, there is still a paucity of knowledge on the acceptance of these shuttles. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire study among individuals (n = 384) who physically experienced an automated shuttle on an office campus in Berlin-Schöneberg. The findings indicate that the respondents were positive towards automated shuttles and could envision their use as feeders to public transport systems, in both urban and rural areas. The respondents were less satisfied with the effectiveness of the shuttle compared to their existing form of travel, the speed of the shuttle, and the space for luggage. A principal component analysis resulted in the retention of three components: (1) intention to use, (2) shuttle and service characteristics, and (3) shuttle effectiveness compared to existing transport. Older respondents expressed a higher intention to use, but found the shuttle less effective than their existing travel. We argue that automated shuttles are a valued concept, but speed and efficiency have to improve, in order for automated shuttles to become viable on a wide scale. Future research should use more objective measures and establish long-term effects in larger, more representative samples.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and PlanningBiomechatronics & Human-Machine ControlIntelligent Vehicle
A prospective study of tea drinking temperature and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
No full textPrevious studies have reported an association between hot tea drinking and risk of esophageal cancer, but no study has examined this association using prospectively and objectively measured tea drinking temperature. We examined the association of tea drinking temperature, measured both objectively and subjectively at study baseline, with future risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a prospective study. We measured tea drinking temperature using validated methods and collected data on several other tea drinking habits and potential confounders of interest at baseline in the Golestan Cohort Study, a population-based prospective study of 50,045 individuals aged 40-75 years, established in 2004-2008 in northeastern Iran. Study participants were followed-up for a median duration of 10.1 years (505,865 person-years). During 2004-2017, 317 new cases of ESCC were identified. The objectively measured tea temperature (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.81; for >= 60 degrees C vs. <60 degrees C), reported preference for very hot tea drinking (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.27-4.56; for "very hot" vs. "cold/lukewarm"), and reported shorter time from pouring tea to drinking (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.26; for vs. >= 6 min) were all associated with ESCC risk. In analysis of the combined effects of measured temperature and amount, compared to those who drank less than 700 ml of tea/day at <60 degrees C, drinking 700 mL/day or more at a higher-temperature (>= 60 degrees C) was consistently associated with an about 90% increase in ESCC risk. Our results substantially strengthen the existing evidence supporting an association between hot beverage drinking and ESCC
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