1,721,005 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Healthy Lifestyles and Attitudes Towards Preventive Counseling: a Survey of Chinese and US Medical Students
No full textBACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases are currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Leading healthy lifestyles as a means of prevention is one of the most important aspects of preventing the occurrence of non-communicable diseases. Working from the premise that physicians globally serve as role models for patients and their health beliefs can influence how they interact and counsel patients, this international study ("MedLife") seeks to examine the self-report of health behaviors and clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling of medical students at institutions in China and the US, and identify any associations between these behaviors and students' clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling of future patients.METHODS: From 2012-2013, a total of 860/1,216 (response rate = 71%) medical students from Duke University in the US and Peking University Health Science Center and Xi'an Jiaotong University in China completed culturally-adapted web versions of the 33-item "MedLife" questionnaire. Items from the survey were pulled from previously validated survey tools and included questions on diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption was divided into heavy drinking and binge drinking. Prevalence estimates of health behaviors and attitudes towards preventive counseling in the domains of diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption were obtained in addition to measures of association between health behaviors and clinical practice attitudes towards counseling future patients on these issues. Finally, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between personal habits and clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling while adjusting for gender.RESULTS: The median ages of students at Duke University in years 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 23 years, 24 years, 25 years, and 26 years, respectively. The median ages of students at both schools in China among second, fourth, and seventh year students were 19 years, 22 years, and 24 years, respectively. In addition, the percentage of total females at Duke University and in China who completed the survey was 51% and 54%, respectively. Prevalence estimates of a healthy lifestyle, defined as complying with widely recognized recommendations at Duke University in the domains of diet, exercise, smoking, non-binge drinking, and non-heavy drinking were 30%, 42%, 99%, 41%, and 97%, respectively. Prevalence estimates in China of a healthy lifestyle in diet, exercise, smoking, non-binge drinking, and non-heavy drinking were 17%, 33%, 97%, 94%, and 99%, respectively. Overall, approximately 30% of medical students at Duke and 25% of medical students in China had positive clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling in terms of diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption combined. No statistically significant associations between the self-report of health behaviors and clinical practice towards preventive counseling were found among Duke medical students. Second, fourth, and seventh year medical students in China together who complied with all lifestyle recommendations were two times more likely to have a positive clinical practice attitude towards preventive counseling on all healthy lifestyle domains (diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol) combined (OR=2.03 95% CI=1.06-3.92; p=0.03). When adjusted for gender, this positive association among Chinese medical students was still statistically significant (OR=1.98 95% CI=1.02-3.83; p=0.04).CONCLUSION: Medical students self-reported that they led unhealthy lifestyles in the domains of diet, exercise, and alcohol binge drinking at Duke and in the domains of diet and exercise in China. However, there was little evidence of an association between self-report of health behaviors and clinical practice towards preventive counseling for Duke medical students. But there was evidence among Chinese medical students to support an association between an overall self-reported healthy lifestyle and positive clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling on diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption combined, even after adjusting for gender. If clinicians are going to serve as role models and have their behaviors and lifestyle choices influence patients, medical schools need to ensure students lead healthy lifestyles in these areas and improve positive clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling on diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption to help curb the global cardiovascular disease epidemic. Student health and positive clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling should be a top priority for all medical schools, and it seems that policies aimed at improving student health in China are likely to be associated with positive clinical practice attitudes towards preventive counseling.</p
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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