1,721,210 research outputs found
Digital Interventions for Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence:Systematic Review
No full textThe rising prevalence of anxiety and depression among adolescents highlights the need for accessible intervention solutions. The objectives of this systematic review were to (1) identify existing digital interventions for adolescent depression and anxiety, (2) assess the promise of those interventions, and (3) identify characteristics of promising interventions. Six databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar) were used to conduct searches between September and October 2023. The searches were re-run in June 2024. Twenty studies met the criteria for inclusion, leading to the identification of 17 distinct interventions for analysis. The promise of the interventions was assessed through their effectiveness, the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework dimensions, and risk of bias. The evaluation of interventions' promise deemed three studies as “Quite Promising,” six as “Slightly Promising,” four as “Inconclusive Promise,” and seven as “Not Promising.” All promising interventions somewhat met the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance dimensions. Variability was observed in Template for Intervention Description and Replication characteristics, including rationale, intervention provider, length and frequency of intervention, and retention. Factors that potentially contribute to the success or limitation of digital mental health interventions among adolescents are discussed. The review underscores the need to enhance the methodological rigor and to evaluate and report the real-world impact of interventions to ensure they benefit a broader demographic of young people
Developing and evaluating the national roll-out of drop-in mental health services at paediatric hospitals
No full textChildren and young people (CYP) with long-term conditions (LTC) have significantly elevated mental health needs. However, many fail to access evidence-based psychological interventions. Access could potentially be improved by providing drop-in services in paediatric hospitals acting as a single point of access offering low intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), onward referrals and signposting. This was shown to improve quality of life, reduce emotional and behavioural symptoms, and was highly acceptable at a single specialist hospital.
The aim of this thesis was to implement drop-in services at other paediatric hospitals and investigate their effectiveness. A rapid realist review was conducted using Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) to identify common barriers and facilitators to implementing low intensity psychological interventions (Chapter 2). Staff capacity, training and intervention characteristics were highlighted as key factors. A national survey (n=102) identified a wide variety of low intensity interventions used in practice, most of which have a limited evidence base; additionally, evidence-based low intensity interventions were often difficult for clinicians to access (Chapter 3).
Six paediatric hospitals implemented the drop-in service (Chapter 4) and were offered hybrid training. Results of the training showed significant improvement in understanding of low intensity CBT and feedback demonstrated high levels of satisfaction (Chapter 5).
A prospective non-randomised single-arm interventional trial (n=120) across the sites demonstrated that accessing the drop-in service was associated with a significant reduction in emotional and behavioural symptoms and improved quality of life for CYP (p<0.01; Cohen’s d=0.39 and d=0.44 respectively) (Chapter 6). Qualitative interviews explored staff experiences and identified common barriers and facilitators to implementation (Chapter 7). Synthesising the overall findings revealed staffing, leadership, funding and knowledge as key factors for successful implementation.
The conclusion of the thesis is that drop-in mental health services can be implemented successfully at paediatric hospitals and are effective (Chapter 8)
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Promises, progress, and pathos: commentary on 'treatment and prevention’ papers by Stice & Becker, Hay, and Mitchell, Roenig & Steffan
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Playing anxiety and depression away: Serious games for mental health problems in children and adolescents
No full text[Learing Objectives]
* To outline the benefits of serious games for children and adolescents with mild to moderate mental health problems.
* To summarize the benefits and challenges of using serious games to support children and adolescents with mental health problems.
* To briefly describe the evidence base for serious games for child and adolescent mental health problems
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The appliance of science
No full textOne in four people will experience a mental health problem in any given year. Of those, the vast majority will not receive any psychological or pharmacological help. Even when psychological help is received, it frequently lacks a strong scientific basis. This article describes the extent of the problem in the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based psychological therapies and examines some of the solutions proposed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Therapist characteristics and their effect on training outcomes: what counts?
No full textBackground: Evidence exists for a relationship between individual characteristics and both job and training performance; however relationships may not be generalizable. Little is known about the impact of therapist characteristics on performance in postgraduate therapist training programmes. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the grades of trainee Low-Intensity and High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapists and individual characteristics. Method: Trainee Low-Intensity (n=81) and High-Intensity (n=59) therapists completed measures of personality and cognitive ability; demographic and course grade data for participants were collected. Results: Degree classification emerged as the only variable to be significantly associated with performance across assessments and courses. Higher undergraduate degree classifications were associated with superior academic and clinical performance. Agreeableness was the only dimension of personality to be associated (positively) with clinical skill. Age was weakly and negatively associated with performance. Conclusions: Relationships between individual characteristics and training outcomes are complex and may be context specific. These results could have important implications for the selection and development of therapists for Low or High-Intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) training
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