1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Real-World Use and Long-Term Safety of Lithium and Divalproex in Bipolar Disorder: Prescribing Trends, Treatment Discontinuation, and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease
No full textBackground: Lithium remains a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), valued for its efficacy in managing manic episodes and reducing suicidal behavior. However, lithium utilization has decreased, largely due to enduring apprehensions about chronic kidney disease (CKD), frequent treatment side-effects and discontinuation, and intensive monitoring requirements. This thesis aims to explore lithium’s prescribing patterns and CKD occurrence using population-based administrative health data. Methods: This study used provincial administrative health data from Alberta, Canada to identify individuals diagnosed with BD between 2008 and 2020 and track their prescriptions for lithium and other BD medications. In study 1 and 2, new, prevalent, and combination use of various BD medications was assessed using the Pharmaceutical Information Network (PIN) database. Demographic, geographic, and clinical data were analyzed to identify factors associated with lithium or divalproex discontinuation within one-year of initiation using logistic regression and LASSO methods, with cross-validation to evaluate model performance. A target trial emulation framework was applied to compare CKD risk in lithium, divalproex or the combination groups, adjusting for baseline and time-varying exposures and covariates. Results: The first two studies suggests that second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and antidepressants were prescribed more than lithium. While, lithium use declined from 2009 to 2021, with nearly 45% of users discontinuing within one-year of initiation, especially younger individuals and females. Early adherence, combination therapy, and certain chronic and neuropsychiatric conditions reduced the odds of discontinuation. While females (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.31) and those with CKD (OR: 1.15 95% CI 0.98 – 1.35) were more likely to discontinue lithium within one-year of initiation. Compared to groups of no mood stabilizers, lithium use (Hazard Ratio (HR) ranging from 1.08 to 1.26) was not associated with an increased CKD risk. However, when compared to divalproex, lithium (HR ranging from 2.30 to 2.61) and no mood stabilizers (HR ranging from 1.96 to 2.08) were at increased risk of CKD. Conclusion: Overall, the findings emphasize coordination of prescribing practices with evidence-based guidelines, early and personalized interventions to support treatment adherence, and account for patient-specific risks and benefits when considering long-term lithium therapy
Mortality in Individuals with Depression and Problematic Substance Use: A Canadian population-based study
No full textThe simultaneous presence of depression and problematic substance use is a complex healthcare and public health issue that results in poor mental health outcomes. Individuals with these conditions may be vulnerable to an increased risk of mortality. The purpose of this study is to describe the occurrence and causes of mortality in patients with co-occurrence of major depressive episode (MDE) and problematic substance use in the Canadian household population. The study was performed through the linkage between CCHS Cycle 1.2 to the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios as the measure of association for all-cause mortality. Competing risk regression was used to estimate sub-hazard ratios for injury-related and other causes-related deaths. Interaction analysis between MDE and problematic substance use on the multiplicative (product term) and additive scales (Relative Excess Risk Due to Interaction) was used to determine if the magnitude of effect of problematic substance use or MDE on mortality is modified by the presence of the other disorder. Compared to the general population, the hazard of all-cause mortality was elevated in individuals with MDE (HR: 1.47 (95% CI 1.18–1.82)), problematic substance use (HR: 1.35 (95% CI1.18–1.53)) or with problematic substance use and MDE (HR: 2.13 (95% CI 1.24–3.67)). Individuals with MDE (HR: 3.13 (95% CI 1.82–5.36)), problematic substance use (HR: 1.82 (95% CI 1.22–2.71) or with problematic substance use and MDE (HR: 4.91 (95% CI 1.93–12.51) were also at an increased hazard of injury-related deaths. There was no interaction on the multiplicative or additive scales between the exposures for the outcome of all-cause mortality, injury-related mortality or other causes-related mortality. Individuals with MDE and problematic substance use are at increased hazard of mortality, regardless of the presence of the other exposure. As no interaction was found between MDE and problematic substance use on the multiplicative or additive scale, the simultaneous presence of MDE and substance use doe not increase the strength of association with mortality beyond what is expected given the joint effects of each exposure
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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