418 research outputs found
Peranan Letnan Jenderal TNI Purn Syarwan Hamid Dalam Reformasi 1998 – 1999
No full textThe background of this thesis is to know the role of Lieutenant General TNI Purn Syarwan Hamid in supporting the demands of the students behind the shift of the New Order to the Reform, whereby he served as Vice Chairman of the House of Representatives / Representative representatives of the Armed Forces (FABRI). The aims of this research are: (1) Knowing the life history of Lieutenant General TNI Purn Syarwan Hamid (2) Knowing the role of Lieutenant General TNI Purn Syarwan Hamid in the reform of 1998 - 1999 (3) To find out what ever in the struggle of Lieutenant General TNI Purn Syarwan Hamid for Riau Province when he served as Minister of Home Affairs RI 1998 - 1999 Development Reform Cabinet. The method used in this research is the method of historical research, because this research takes the object of events that occurred in the past. In addition to historical research methods (history), the author also uses biographical analysis techniques, this technique is a method of analyzing one's life history. The results obtained that the role of Syarwan Hamid in reform can be seen in two dimensions. The first dimension concerns Syarwan's political role and choice as the reform movement begins to roll. Second, the role of Syarwan in the position of Minister of Home Affairs Mr. Syarwan Hamid who is the Vice Chairman of the House of Representatives Faction as a person who finalizes the reform movement to achieve political success. Mr. Syarwan also gave the students the opportunity to keep occupying the DPR / MPR building while taking action to discuss accepting student demands In the lead up to the reformation, Pak Syarwan also received the nods of action from various universities in Jakarta to agree on the strategy of occupying the parliament building safely and effectivel
Discovery and reuse of composition knowledge for assisted mashup development
No full textDespite the emergence of mashup tools like Yahoo! Pipes or JackBe Presto Wires, developing mashups is still non-trivial and requires intimate knowledge about the functionality of web APIs and services, their interfaces, parameter settings, data mappings, and so on. We aim to assist the mashup process and to turn it into an interactive co-creation process, in which one part of the solution comes from the developer and the other part from reusable composition knowledge that has proven successful in the past. We harvest composition knowledge from a repository of existing mashup models by mining a set of reusable composition patterns, whichwe then use to interactively provide composition recommendations to developers while they model their own mashup. Upon acceptance of a recommendation, the purposeful design of the respective pattern types allows us to automatically weave the chosen pattern into a partial mashup model, in practice performing a set of modeling actions on behalf of the developer. The experimental evaluation of our prototype implementation demonstrates that it is indeed possible to harvest meaningful, reusable knowledge from existing mashups, and that even complex recommendations can be efficiently queried and weaved also inside the client browser. Copyright is held by the author/owner(s)
Analysis of contractions in system graphs: Application to state estimation
No full textFunding Information: The work of U. Khan was supported by NSF under awards #1903972 and #1935555. The work of T. Charalam-bous was supported by the Academy of Finland under Grant 317726. Corresponding author email: [email protected], [email protected]. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 IEEE.Observability and estimation are closely tied to the system structure, which can be visualized as a system graph-a graph that captures the inter-dependencies within the state variables. For example, in social system graphs such inter-dependencies represent the social interactions of different individuals. It was recently shown that contractions, a key concept from graph theory, in the system graph are critical to system observability, as (at least) one state measurement in every contraction is necessary for observability. Thus, the size and number of contractions are critical in recovering for loss of observability. In this paper, the correlation between the average-size/number of contractions and the global clustering coefficient (GCC) of the system graph is studied. Our empirical results show that estimating systems with high GCC requires fewer measurements, and in case of measurement failure, there are fewer possible options to find substitute measurement that recovers the system's observability. This is significant as by tuning the GCC, we can improve the observability properties of large-scale engineered networks, such as social networks and smart grid.Peer reviewe
Boondoogles and expropriation : rent-sseking and policy distortion when property rights are insecure
No full textMost analyses of property rights and economic development point to the negative influence of insecure property rights on private investment. The authors focus instead on the largely unexamined effects of insecure property rights on government policy choices. They identify one significant anomaly-dramatically higher public investment in countries with insecure property rights-and use it to make the following broad claims about insecure property rights; 1) They increase rent-seeking. 2) They may reduce the incentives of governments to use tax revenues for productive purposes, such as public investment. 3) They do so whether one regards the principal problem of insecure property rights as the maintenance of law and order, which government spending can potentially remedy, or as the threat of expropriation by government itself, and therefore not remediable by government spending. The authors present substantial empirical evidence to support these claims.Environmental Economics&Policies,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Labor Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,National Governance,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Land and Real Estate Development
Saddar Bazar Quarter in Karachi: A Case of British-Era Protected Heritage Based on the Literature Review and Fieldwork
No full textOn the international level, heritage is considered an essential element for the sustainable development of a country. In South Asian countries such as Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh, historic cities struggle to preserve their built heritage, due to rapid urbanisation and changing contemporary urban and architectural requirements. This contribution elaborates on the effects of urbanisation, and city development on the protected heritage of Karachi, Pakistan. The city developed in the 19th century from a mud-fortified small town along the Lyari river to become one of the busiest ports of the Indian subcontinent under British rule. Karachi has now become a metropolitan city with more than sixteen million inhabitants. Due to the accelerated rate of urbanisation and trade activities, Karachi has become Pakistan’s economic capital, resulting in the oblivion of its historical sites. Most of the city’s historic sites are in a state of dereliction, from over- or under-programming, or even under the threat of demolition. The paper focuses on the present condition of a British-era protected-heritage site through a literature review and fieldwork (mapping, drawing, archival research, interviews, photographic surveys, etc.), carried out during 2019 and 2020. The first author conducted site visits to photograph buildings and interview their users to gather feedback on how they perceive the current state of these buildings. The data were analysed to investigate how many buildings from Karachi’s British era with protected status have been demolished or are at risk of demolition. At the heart of the article is the Saddar Bazar Quarter in Karachi and its historical, social, cultural, and economic importance in the city from the British period until the present. The analysis will lead the discussion on what potential these sites/buildings hold, and how to make their preservation possible and withstand the uncurbed urbanisation and the threat of land development. Through discussion, we will focus on the social, cultural and economic aspects which the area and the buildings from the British period hold, and which can be useful in the future for the continuation of the Saddar Bazaar Quarter (SBQ), the historic urban landscape (HUL) and the heritage buildings
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