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Оценка качества институциональной системы Эстонии, Литвы, Польши и Беларуси
Get PDFThe article presents the results of a quantitative assessment of the quality of the institutional system of Estonia, Lithuania, Poland and Belarus. In order to create a model the following Worldwide Governance Indicators were used – Voice and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law, Control of Corruption. The indicator Gross National Income (GNI) per capita constant US dollars is used to characterize the level of economic development. The period of analysis is from 2004 to 2015. Despite relatively similar starting conditions after the collapse of the USSR for the analyzed countries the outcome of institutional change is different. The quantitative assessment of the impact of the indicators of the quality of institutions shows “bottleneck” institutions for the economic development. The results of the research can be used in the development of economic policy. Taking into consideration the analysis of the World Bank data it can be stated, that Estonia, Lithuania, Poland have successfully completed the transition process. However, Belarus is in hybrid transitional state, stuck in the process of transition or, in other words, Belarusian economy functions in the conditions of institutional trap.В статье изложены результаты количественной оценки качества институциональной системы Эстонии, Литвы, Польши и Беларуси. При построении модели в качестве исходных данных использованы индикаторы «право голоса и подотчетность», «политическая стабильность и отсутствие насилия», «эффективность государственного управления», «качество регулирования», «верховенство права» и «контроль коррупции», публикуемые Всемирным банком в соответствии с методикой Worldwide Governance Indicators. Показатель «валовой национальный доход (ВНД) на душу населения в постоянных ценах» использован для характеристики уровня экономического развития. Анализ показателей проводился за период с 2004 по 2015 годы. Несмотря на относительно схожие стартовые условия после распада СССР для анализируемых стран, результаты институциональных изменений различны. Проведенная количественная оценка влияния индикаторов качества институтов на уровень экономического развития позволила выделить для каждой страны факторы, приводящие к эффекту «бутылочного горлышка». Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке мер экономической политики. Принимая во внимание данные Всемирного банка, можно констатировать, что Эстония, Литва, Польша успешно завершили переходный процесс. Однако Беларусь находится в гибридном переходном состоянии, экономика застряла в процессе перехода или, другими словами, белорусская экономика функционирует в условиях институциональной ловушки
Quality of the institutional system and the COVID-19 pandemic: empirical analysis
Get PDFМеры противодействия пандемии COVID-19, предпринимаемые правительствами, не позволили остановить распространение и снизить опасность заболеваний даже в странах с развитой системой здравоохранения. Пандемия вызывает серьезный кризис с существенными социальными и экономическими последствиями. Исследование выполнено в условиях неполноты и возможной недостоверности исходной информации. Однако полученные результаты позволяют привлечь внимание научного сообщества к аспектам борьбы с пандемией COVID-19 и расширить возможности противодействия вызовам, обусловленным этой и другими возможными пандемиями. Установлена форма и сила взаимосвязи между показателем смертности по причине COVID-19 на 100 тысяч населения, включая здоровое население, (человек) (DEATHS/100K POP.) и такими индикаторами Worldwide Governance Indicators, как «Право голоса и подотчетность» («Voice and Accountability») и «Качество Регулирования» («Regulatory Quality»); между показателем смертности по причине COVID-19 на 100 тысяч населения, включая здоровое население, (человек) (DEATHS/100K POP.) и показателем «Продолжительность жизни в годах при рождении» (2018 год) (Life expectancy at birth, total years); между показателем «Право голоса и подотчетность» («Voice and Accountability») и показателем «Продолжительность жизни в годах при рождении» (2018 год) (Life expectancy at birth, total years); между показателями «Качество Регулирования» («Regulatory Quality») и «Продолжительность жизни в годах при рождении» (2018 год) (Life expectancy at birth, total years). Сделан вывод о том, что уровень смертности от пандемии COVID-19 обусловлен возрастной структурой населения, которая, в свою очередь, обусловлена уровнем качества институциональной системы.Government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have failed to stop the spread and reduce the risk of the disease, even in countries with developed healthcare systems. The pandemic is causing a serious crisis with significant social and economic consequences. The research was carried out under conditions of incompleteness and possible unreliability of the initial information. However, the obtained results make it possible to draw the attention of the scientific community to the aspects of combating the COVID-19pandemic and to expand the ability to confront the challenges posed by current and other possible pandemics. The strength of the relationship was established between the mortality rate due to COVID-19 per 100 thousand population, including the healthy population, (DEATHS / 100K POP.) and Worldwide Governance Indicators (“Voice and Accountability” and "Regulatory Quality"); between the mortality rate due to COVID-19 per 100 thousand population, including the healthy population, ( (DEATHS / 100K POP.) and the indicator Life expectancy at birth, total years (2018); between the indicator “Voice and Accountability” and the indicator Life expectancy at birth, total years; between the indicator "Regulatory Quality" and the indicator Life expectancy at birth. It is concluded that the mortality rate from the COVID-19 pandemic depends on the age structure of the population, which in turn depends on the level of quality of the institutional system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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