1,359,051 research outputs found
East-West Center Oral History Project : Shabbir Cheema
No full textInterviewed by Phyllis Tabusa, August 31, 2009 in Honolulu, Hawaii.For more about the East-West Center, see https://www.eastwestcenter.org/Shabbir Cheema, born into a large family in rural Pakistan, came to Honolulu in August 1969 to study on an EWC grant. After obtaining a Ph.D. in political science from UH, he taught at the University of Science in Malaysia. Then he began his long career with the United Nations, starting at the UN Centre for Regional Development in Nagoya, Japan. In 1988 he returned to Honolulu to hold a joint appointment with the UH's Department of Urban Planning and the East-West Center.Click on the PDFs to read more. Includes photograph, interview quotes, and the full interview narrative
The Quran and the Secular Mind. A philosophy of Islam, by Shabbir Akhtar
No full textShabbir Akhtar, The Quran and the Secular Mind. A philosophy of Islam, London & New York, Routledge, 2008
Revisiting the relationship between ability and sheepskin effects of schooling on individual earnings: The case of Pakistan
No full textSignificant amount of recent research continues to produce evidence in support of the presence of sheepskin effects in returns to schooling both for developed and developing countries. However, researchers have not made many attempts to identify or empirically test the possible mechanisms that may generate such effects. A few noteworthy exceptions are Flores-Lagunes and Light (2010) for the U. S., Riddle (2008) for Canada and Shabbir & Ashraf (2011) and Shabbir (2013) for Pakistan. Shabbir and Ashraf (2011) summarily reports that the sheepskin effects for rural Pakistan persist in the face of controls for measures of innate and cognitive ability. The present paper revisits this issue and adds value by presenting and discussing all of the relevant empirical estimates in full detail. Further, the present analysis fully updates the review of the literature as well as the various aspects of the pertinent debate surrounding the nature of the sheepskin effects. This study reconfirms that significant sheepskin effects exist for rural Pakistan for diplomas obtained by completing primary, high school and perhaps also FA and BA levels. Further, according to the detailed empirical regression results presented and discussed in this paper, the sheepskin effects prove to be robust both to an inclusion of measure of innate ability (Raven Progressive Matrices) and "cognitive" ability (specially administrated tests of literacy and numeracy). This implies that sheepskin effects "signal" individual characteristics unrelated to these measures of ability. The findings have significant policy implications about the nature of the private vs. social returns to schooling
Correction: Shabbir et al. Effect of Yeast-Fermented Citrus Pulp as a Protein Source on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance and In Situ Digestion Kinetics in Nili Ravi Buffalo Bulls. Animals 2021, 11, 1713
No full textAwais Shabbir was mistakenly written as “Muhammad Awais” in the original publication [...
Proof sheet with photos of Joseph B. Rosenbaum, Dr. Muhammed Shabbir, and others, 1973 [01]
No full textHandwritten on back: Dr. Shabbir. Photographs documenting the professional career of Joseph Rosenbaum as a metallurgist with the U. S. Bureau of Mines
Microfinance, Poverty and entrepreneurship in developing countries
No full textProviding credit to poor households in developing countries has been a major challenge in recent years. Shabbir Dastgir examines the advantages and disadvantages of microfinance as a possible solution to this proble
Proof sheet with photos of Joseph B. Rosenbaum, Dr. Muhammed Shabbir, and others, 1973 [03]
No full textHandwritten on back: Dr. Shabbir. Photographs documenting the professional career of Joseph Rosenbaum as a metallurgist with the U. S. Bureau of Mines
Sheepskin Effects of Investment in Schooling: Do They Signal Family Background? Case of Pakistan
No full textConsiderable recent research both for the developing as well as the developed countries has provided evidence for the existence of the sheepskin effect to the economic returns in schooling investment. However, there has not been much empirical work investigating the mechanism that may lie behind the observed sheepskin effects. The few notable exceptions that have started addressing this important yet neglected question of interpreting what do sheepskin effects signal include Flores-Lagunes and Light (2007) for the U. S., Riddell (2008) for Canada and Shabbir and Ashraf (2011) as well as Shabbir (2011) in the case of Pakistan. The present study was undertaken to examine the robustness of sheepskin effects in the face of measured family background in the case of Pakistan. The unique feature of this study is that it utilizes the only nationally representative data set available which allows for a test of sheepskin effects; in fact, Shabbir (1991) was the first of its kind study which used this data set to test (and establish) the existence of sheepskin effects in the case of Pakistan. The present study is an attempt to build on that research finding in order to explore the question of what do sheepskin effects signal? In particular, do they signal measured family background?The important empirical finding of this study is that there is strong evidence of significant sheepskin or diploma effects for all four important certification levels i.e. Matric, Intermediate, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and Master of Arts (M.A). Further, and more importantly in terms of the research question posed by this paper, these diploma effects are robust when measured family background effects are controlled for using such measures as father's education, father's income and mother's income. Thus the observed sheepskin effects may be signaling other aspects of ability or other relevant influences besides measured family background (including latent or unmeasured family influences) which keeps the all-important question of the mechanism underlying these observed sheepskin effects open and in need of future research
Study of the neuroprotection mechanisms in a model of spinal cord injury in vitro
No full textExcitotoxicity is the major contributor to the pathophysiological damage after acute spinal cord injury which is often incomplete, yet it produces paralysis with uncertain outcome for gait recovery despite early intensive care support. Neuroprotecting the spinal cord during the early phase of injury is an important goal to determine a favourable outcome to suppress delayed pathological events that extend the primary damage and amplify the loss of motor function often with irreversible consequences. While intensive care and neurosurgical intervention remain mainstay treatments, effective neuroprotection requires further focused experimental studies under controlled conditions.
To better understand the pathophysiological mechanism of spinal lesion an in vitro model of rat spinal cord has been developed by our laboratory whereby injury is mimicked by a moderate excitotoxic insult. Such an injury suppresses the locomotor networks together with partial loss of motoneuronal population. The present thesis explores if the volatile general anesthetic methoxyflurane can protect spinal locomotor networks from kainate induced excitotoxicity and whether motoneuronal survival after excitotoxicity relies on cell expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), a cytosolic neuroprotective protein binding and sequestering metabolic distress-generated proteins.
The protocols involved 1 h excitotoxic stimulation on day 1 followed by electrophysiological and immunohistochemical testing after 24 h. A time-limited (1 h), single administration of methoxyfluorane together with kainate (or with 30 min or 60 min delay), prevented any depression of spinal reflexes, loss of motoneuron excitability, and histological damage. Methoxyfluorane per se temporarily decreased synaptic transmission and motoneuron excitability. These effects were readily reversible on washout. When methoxyfluorane was applied with or after kainate, spinal locomotor activity recorded as alternating electrical discharges from lumbar motor pools was fully preserved after 24 h. Furthermore to test the second hypothesis, the motoneurons were investigated for their expression of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF; a known biomarker of cell death) which became preferentially localized to the nucleus in pyknotic cells after excitotoxicity. The surviving motoneurons showed strong expression of HSP70 with no nuclear AIF. The sham preparations did not show any AIF nuclear translocation whereas the preparations treated with kainate (100 µM) were the most affected. VER155008, a pharmacological inhibitor of HSP70, per se induced neurotoxicity comparable to that of kainate. Electrophysiological recording indicated depression of motoneuron field potential with strong decrease in excitability and impaired synaptic transmission following kainate or VER155008. Their combined application elicited more intense neurotoxicity. Interestingly, motoneurons in the spinal cord (24 h in vitro) showed large expression of HSP70 compared to freshly dissected tissue, suggesting that HSP70 up-regulation was critical for spinal cord preparation survival in vitro.
These data suggest that a volatile general anesthetic could provide strong electrophysiological and histological neuroprotection that enabled retention of locomotor network activity even one day after the excitotoxic challenge. Our study also showed that HSP70 is important for motoneuronal survival. It is hypothesized that the benefits of early neurosurgery for acute SCI might be enhanced if, in addition to injury decompression and stabilization, the protective role of general anesthesia is maximized. Another potential future strategy to neuroprotect motoneurons could be the upregulation of HSP70 activity by either using its pharmacological enhancers or by inducing its over-expression
Analysis of the Tribological Interaction of a PTFE-lined Radial Lip Oil Seal, Shaft, and Lubricant Sample
No full textPlease find 2 data sets - each containing raw data files from the experimental work for (1) SEM (2) Surface Topography Measurements of the seal, shaft surface and lubricant sample.
You will need Mountains Map software to analyze the surface topography data and specific SEM software to analyze the SEM data
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