37 research outputs found
Flexible and biodegradable electronic implants for diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases
No full text© 2021 The Author(s)In the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases, implantable devices have immense potential for intracranial sensing of brain activity and application of controlled therapy for providing feedback to the sensing. Flexible materials are preferred for implantable devices, as they can minimise implanted device–brain tissue mechanical mismatch. Moreover, biodegradable implantable devices can reduce potential immunological side-effects. Biodegradability also helps avoid the burdensome secondary surgery for retrieving the implanted device. In this study, we reviewed recent advancements related to the use of flexible and biodegradable type of implantable devices for the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases. Representative cases of intracranial sensing and feedback therapy are introduced, and then a brief discussion concludes the review.11Nsciescopu
Ventricular tachyarrhythmia treatment and prevention by subthreshold stimulation with stretchable epicardial multichannel electrode array
No full textThe implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is an effective method to prevent sudden cardiac death in high-risk patients. However, the transvenous lead is incompatible with large-area electrophysiological mapping and cannot accommodate selective multichannel precision stimulations. Moreover, it involves high-energy shocks, resulting in pain, myocardial damage, and recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VTA). We present a method for VTA treatment based on subthreshold electrical stimulations using a stretchable epicardial multichannel electrode array, which does not disturb the normal contraction or electrical propagation of the ventricle. In rabbit models with myocardial infarction, the infarction was detected by mapping intracardiac electrograms with the stretchable epicardial multichannel electrode array. Then, VTAs could be terminated by sequential electrical stimuli from the epicardial multichannel electrode array beginning with low-energy subthreshold stimulations. Last, we used these subthreshold stimulations to prevent the occurrence of additional VTAs. The proposed protocol using the stretchable epicardial multichannel electrode array provides opportunities toward the development of innovative methods for painless ICD therapy.Y
(A) study of the Royal Wedding Pageant as seen from the book "Ka-rye-ban-cha-do(嘉禮班次圖)" in Chang-deok-gung
No full textThis study examined the formal attire of Yi dynasty wedding as depicted in a water-color scroll, "Scene of a Royal Wedding Pageant" in Chang-deok-gung, 53.5cm in width and 14.3m in total length, painted by unknown painter and historical date.
As comparison with all successive Ka-rye-ban-cha-do of Ka-rye-do-gam-eui-kue(嘉禮都監儀軌), Ka-rye-ban-cha-do in Chang-deok-gung was identified a different version of "Ka-rye-van-cha-do of Soonjong Soonjeong Hyo Whang Whoo"(純宗純貞孝皇后 嘉禮班次圖)in 19O6(Gwang Moo 10) and author finds 3 different points.
1. Cloth of military escort with a signal fire(捧姬) (Figure 2):
: Military escort with hat-western cloth in Ka-rye-ban-cha-do in Chang-deok-gung but military escort with red geon(紅巾)- red eui(紅衣) in Ka-rye-ban-cha-do of Soonjong Soonjeong Hyo Whoang Whoo.
2. Arrangement of soliders(Figure 3)
: Bae-wi-gung-nae-soon-geom(陪衛宮內巡檢 ), Bae-wi-si-wi-dae-byung-jung(陪衛侍隊兵丁) and Gyung-moo-chung-soon-geom(警務廳巡檢) is arranged in alternate in Ka-rye-ban-cha-do in Chang-deok-gung. But, Bae-wi-gung-nae-soon-geom(陪衛宮內巡檢) and Bae-wi-si-wi-dae-byung-jung(陪衛侍隊兵丁) is arranged in alternate, but Gyung-moo-chung-soon-geom is arranged with cavalry troop in outside row in turn in Ka-rye-ban-cha-do of Soonjong Soonjeong Hyo Whoang Whoo.
3. Existence or non existence of Moon Gi(門旗) following Bong Gyo(鳳轎)
: Ka-rye-ban-cha-do in Chang-deok-gung; noexistence of Moon Gi following Bong Gyo.
Ka-rye-ban-cha-do of Soonjong Soonjeong Hyo Whoang Whoo; existence of Moon Gi Following Bong Gyo.
Author classified man clothes according to shapes in 11 kinds.
Group 1: Ranking officials' attire.
* Samo (紗帽)-Dan ryoung(團領) style.
* Golden crown(梁冠)-Jo bok(朝服) style.
Group 2: Petty officials' attire.
* Black ryp(黑笠)-Ju eui(周衣) style.
* Beong geo ji(벙거지)-Chang ot(창옷) style.
* Red geon(紅巾)-Red oui(紅衣) style.
* Green geon(綠巾)-Dan ryoung(團領) style.
* Peuing jeong geon(平頂巾)-Dan ryoung(團領) style.
* Geon(巾)-Chang ot, Deo geu re(더그레) style.
* Beong geo ji(벙거지)-Cheobri, Jeonbok(戰服) style.
Group 3: Military attire.
* Hat-Western cloth style.
Group 4: Musicians' attire.
* Bokdu(복두)-Dan ryoung(團領) style.;本 論文은 昌德宮所藏의 作家와 年代未詳인 幅 53.5 cm, 總 길이 14.3 m의 紙本設彩한 두루마리로 된 嘉禮班次圖에 대한 考察이다.
歷代 嘉禮都監儀軌의 嘉禮班次圖와 비교한 결과 昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖가 光武 10年(1906)에 행해진 純宗純貞孝皇后의 嘉禮班次圖의 異本임을 추정하면서 3가지의 차이점을 發見하였다.
1. 捧炬를 捧持한 儀仗手의 服飾이 달랐다. [圖2]
昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖는 帽子-洋服을 착용하고 있고 純宗純貞孝皇后 嘉禮班次圖는 紅巾-紅衣를 착용하고 있었다.
2. 軍人의 배열이 달랐다. [圖3]
昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖는 陪衛宮肉巡檢, 陪衛侍衛際兵丁, 警務廳巡檢의 順으로 번갈아 가며 배열하고 있으나 純宗純貞孝皇后 嘉禮班次圖는 陪衛宮內巡檢, 陪衛侍衛隊兵丁이 번갈아 가며 배열하고 警務廳巡檢은 그 바깥쪽 열에 騎兵隊와 번갈아 가며 배열하고 있다.
3. 鳳轎 다음에 門旗의 있고 없음이 달랐다. [圖4]
昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖는 鳳轎 다음에 門旗가 없고 純宗純貞孝皇后 嘉禮班次圖는 門旗가 있다.
昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖의 男子服飾을 形制別로 紗帽-團領, 梁冠-朝服, 벙거지 -창옷, 黑笠-周衣, 紅巾-紅衣, 綠巾 -團領, 平頂巾-團領, 巾-창옷·더그레 , 벙거지-帖裏·戰服, 帽子-洋服, 蝶頭-團領등 11種類로 나누어 分析했다.
女子服은 李京子의 "嘉禮都監儀軌의 服飾硏究"라는 先行硏究가 있어 除外한다.목차 = ⅰ
Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
Ⅱ. 昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖의 槪說 = 3
Ⅲ. 昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖에 나타난 儀仗制度 = 8
1. 儀仗制度의 變遷 = 8
2. 昌德宮所藏 嘉禮班次圖의 儀仗制度와 純宗純貞孝皇后 嘉禮班次圖의 儀仗制度 비교 = 11
3. 儀仗物 = 16
Ⅳ. 昌德富 嘉禮班次圖의 男子服飾 = 31
1. 嘉禮班次圖의 男子 服飾分類 = 33
2. 百官服類 = 40
3. 衙前 · 조예복류 = 51
4. 軍服類 = 68
5. 樂人服類 = 84
Ⅴ. 結論 = 87
參考文獻 = 89
Abstract = 92
感謝의
A new surgical strategy for medically uncontrolled protein-losing enteropathy after Fontan surgery
No full textMALDI-TOF MS characterization of proanthocyanidins from cranberry fruit (Vaccinium macrocarpon) that inhibit tumor cell growth and matrix metalloproteinase expression in vitro
No full textProanthocyanidin-rich extracts were prepared by fractionation of the fruit of the North American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon). In vitro growth inhibition assays in eight tumor cell lines showed that selected fractions inhibited the growth of H460 lung tumors, HT-29 colon and K562 leukemia cells at GI(50) values ranging from 20 to 80 mu g ml(-1). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) of one of these fractions found it to be composed of polyflavan-3-ols, which are primarily tetramers through heptamers of epicatechin containing one or two A-type linkages. Whole cranberry extract and the proanthocyanidin fractions were screened for effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was inhibited in response to whole cranberry extract and to a lesser degree by the proanthocyanidin fractions. (c) 2005 Society of Chemical Industry.PT: J; CR: BOMSER J, 1996, PLANTA MED, V62, P212 CHA HJ, 1996, CANCER RES, V56, P2281 CHA HJ, 1998, ONCOGENE, V16, P771 FERGUSON PJ, 2004, J NUTR, V134, P1529 FOO LY, 2000, J NAT PROD, V63, P1225 GUTHRIE N, 2000, P EXP BIOL C SAN DIE HOWELL AB, 1998, NEW ENGL J MED, V339, P1085 HOWELL AB, 2002, CRIT REV FOOD SCI S, V42, P273 KANDIL FE, 2002, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V50, P1063 KOLODZIEJ H, 1995, PHYTOTHER RES, V9, P410 KRUEGER CG, 2000, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V48, P1663 KRUEGER CG, 2003, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V51, P538 MORROW DMP, 2001, MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M, V480, P269 MURPHY BT, 2003, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V51, P3541 NETO CC, 2005, S SERIES PHENOLICS F, P271 PORTER ML, 2001, J SCI FOOD AGR, V81, P1306 PUPA SM, 2002, J CELL PHYSIOL, V192, P259 SAMUEL SK, 1992, EMBO J, V11, P1599 SEERAM NP, 2004, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V52, P2512 SKEHAN P, 1990, J NATL CANCER I, V82, P1107 VAYALIL PK, 2004, CARCINOGENESIS, V25, P987 VINSON JA, 2001, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V49, P5315 YAN X, 2002, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V20, P5844 YE X, 1999, MOL CELL BIOCHEM, V196, P99 ZHAO J, 1999, CARCINOGENESIS, V20, P1737; NR: 25; TC: 2; J9: J SCI FOOD AGR; PG: 8; GA: 994DQSource type: Prin
Cerebral and Somatic Oxygen Saturation in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease before Surgery
No full textBackground: We investigated preoperative cerebral (ScO2) and abdominal (StO2) regional oxygen saturations according to cardiac diagnosis in neonates with critical CHD, their time trends, and the clinical and biochemical parameters associated with them. Methods: Thirty-seven neonates with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD were included. ScO2 and StO2 values were continuously evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy. Measurements were obtained hourly before surgery. A linear mixed effects model was used to assess the effects of time and cardiac diagnosis on regional oxygenation and to explore the contributing factors. Results: Regional oxygenation differed according to cardiac diagnosis (p < 0.001). ScO2 was lowest in the patients with severe atrioventricular valvar regurgitation (AVVR) (48.1 ± 8.0%). StO2 tended to be lower than ScO2, and both worsened gradually during the period between birth and surgery. There was also a significant interaction between cardiac diagnosis and time. The factors related to ScO2 were hemoglobin and arterial saturation, whereas no factor was associated with StO2. Conclusions: Preoperative ScO2 and StO2 in critical CHD differed according to cardiac diagnosis. ScO2 in the patients with severe AVVR was very low, which may imply cerebral hypoxia. ScO2 gradually decreased, suggesting that the longer the time to surgery, the higher the risk of hypoxic brain injury
Association between Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Different Age Groups of Adolescents: An Analysis of Data from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey
No full textWe investigated the association between obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) in adolescents. We performed a cross-sectional study using the data from 8149 adolescents, aged 10–18 years, included in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2020). Using the body mass index, we defined “overweight” (≥85th to <95th percentile) and “obese” (≥95th percentile). We analyzed the associations between obesity and CVDRFs (high blood pressure, abnormal lipid profiles, and high fasting glucose levels) by sex and age groups (early [10–12 years], middle [13–15 years], and late [16–18 years] adolescence). When analyzing all the subjects, being overweight was correlated with high blood pressure and abnormal all-lipid profiles in boys and high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in girls, while obesity was associated with all CVDRFs in both boys and girls. Analyzing separately in the age subgroups, the correlation between obesity and CVDRFs tended to be shown earlier in boys than in girls, and obesity tended to be associated with CVDRFs earlier than being overweight. The association between obesity and CVDRFs may begin to be shown at different periods of youth, depending on the degree of obesity, CVDRF variables, and sex
Flexible, sticky, and biodegradable wireless device for drug delivery to brain tumors
No full textImplantation of biodegradable wafers near the brain surgery site to deliver anti-cancer agents which target residual tumor cells by bypassing the blood-brain barrier has been a promising method for brain tumor treatment. However, further improvement in the prognosis is still necessary. We herein present novel materials and device technologies for drug delivery to brain tumors, i.e., a flexible, sticky, and biodegradable drug-loaded patch integrated with wireless electronics for controlled intracranial drug delivery through mild-thermic actuation. The flexible and bifacially-designed sticky/hydrophobic device allows conformal adhesion on the brain surgery site and provides spatially-controlled and temporarily-extended drug delivery to brain tumors while minimizing unintended drug leakage to the cerebrospinal fluid. Biodegradation of the entire device minimizes potential neurological side-effects. Application of the device to the mouse model confirms tumor volume suppression and improved survival rate. Demonstration in a large animal model (canine model) exhibited its potential for human application. © The Author(s) 201911sciescopu
Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: rates and acceleration.
No full textOBJECTIVE: To quantify the regional and global cerebral atrophy rates and assess acceleration rates in healthy controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and subjects with mild Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS: Using 0-, 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, and 36-month MRI scans of controls and subjects with MCI and AD from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, we calculated volume change of whole brain, hippocampus, and ventricles between all pairs of scans using the boundary shift integral. RESULTS: We found no evidence of acceleration in whole-brain atrophy rates in any group. There was evidence that hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects accelerate by 0.22%/year2 on average (p = 0.037). There was evidence of acceleration in rates of ventricular enlargement in subjects with MCI (p = 0.001) and AD (p < 0.001), with rates estimated to increase by 0.27 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.12, 0.43) and 0.88 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.47, 1.29), respectively. A post hoc analysis suggested that the acceleration of hippocampal loss in MCI subjects was mainly driven by the MCI subjects that were observed to progress to clinical AD within 3 years of baseline, with this group showing hippocampal atrophy rate acceleration of 0.50%/year2 (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The small acceleration rates suggest a long period of transition to the pathologic losses seen in clinical AD. The acceleration in hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects in the ADNI seems to be driven by those MCI subjects who concurrently progressed to a clinical diagnosis of AD
Exchange rate based disinflation, wage rigidity, and capital inflows : tradeoffs for Chile, 1977-81
No full textReal exchange rate appreciation usually accompanies stabilization programs based on the exchange rate. One thing that causes the real exchange rate to appreciate is the capital inflows that follow liberalization of the capital account and the financial market. Capital inflows cause the exchange rate to appreciate in part because of the resulting increase in expenditures. This appreciation is exacerbated if there is some price rigidity, and if control of the money supply is only partial. All these conditions existed during Chile's experiment with exchange rate-based disinflation between 1978 and 1981. Simulating what might have been, the authors study how exchange rate based disinflation affects expenditures switching and reduction when wages are partially indexed in some segments of the labor market. The paper also shows the extent to which a more flexible rule on wage indexing would have offset the adverse impact of lower capital flows on protected sector employment.Economic Theory&Research,Macroeconomic Management,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Stabilization,Banks&Banking Reform
