1,720,973 research outputs found
Assessment of integration of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus in health services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Get PDFText in EnglishThe Co-morbidity of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global public health challenge. Both diseases disproportionately affect low - and middle-income countries. While integrated care approaches offer synergistic benefits, TB and DM services often remain fragmented in many health systems. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors affecting the integration of health services for patients with TB and DM, and to develop an integration framework to improve the management of TB in patients with DM, and DM in TB patients.
The study population was adult patients with pulmonary TB who tested positive for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and were attending DOTS clinics in the 52 selected public health facilities in Addis Ababa. Cluster sampling with stratified simple random sampling was used to select hospitals and health centres. Simple random sampling technique was used to select patients with comorbid TB and diabetes for the quantitative study. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants for in-depth interviews. The study began with an explanatory quantitative phase, which included a survey of 357 patients with comorbid TB and diabetes and 23 key informant interviews with experts and practitioners working in clinical facilities and TB and diabetes programmes in public health facilities and the health bureau in Addis Ababa. Quantitative data were collected using structured questionnaires developed from the Sustainable intEgrated chronic care modeLs for multi-morbidity: delivery, Financing and performancE (SELFIE) multi-morbidity framework. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected between March 2021 and June 2022. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 28, while thematic analyses of qualitative data were conducted using Atlas.ti8 software.
The study involved 357 respondents, a response rate of 96.5%, and in-depth interviews with 23 key informants. The results of the study found that integration of TB-DM services in health facilities is minimal, with only a quarter of facilities providing integrated care. Several factors contribute to this, including inadequate counselling on medication use, limited awareness of TB risks among DM patients, and the lack of organised TB-DM services and integration strategies. Screening practices and training of health workers are also inadequate. Leadership and governance play a crucial role in promoting integration, with supportive leadership and the availability of guidelines being key factors. In addition, the lack of a reimbursement mechanism and equitable cost of services are barriers to comprehensive care. Limited access to technology and medical products, such as electronic health record systems and diagnostic tools, affects the integration of services. Furthermore, the lack of personalised patient data and tailored registration and reporting tools hampers the provision of integaeted care and the collection of data on TB-DM co-morbidity. These findings emphasised the need for interventions to address these factors and improve the integration of TB-DM services, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
The results of this study emphases the urgent need to address the limited integration of TB-DM services in health facilities. This gap has significant implications, as it hinders the provision of integrated care to a significant number of TB-DM patients. Inadequate integration puts patients at risk of suboptimal treatment outcomes, increased disease burden and higher long-term health care costs. To effectively address these challenges, it is essential to prioritise and improve the integration of TB and diabetes services. This can be achieved by improving continuity of care, establishing multidisciplinary teams, implementing clear guidelines, involving patients in decision-making, improving access to technology and adopting innovative health care approaches. Further research is needed to refine these recommendations and assess their impact on population health.D. Phil. (Public Health)Health Studie
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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