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Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengolah air yang mengandung senyawa Linear Alkyl BenzeneSulfonate (LAS) dan amonia adalah dengan proses ozonasi gelembung mikro dan filtrasi membran. Prosesini memanfaatkan keberadaan radikal hidroksida yang merupakan oksidator kuat yang mampu menguraikansenyawa organik dan anorganik bersifat racun dan sulit terurai di dalam air. Dari penelitian ini didapatkanbahwa proses ozonasi gelembung mikro dan filtrasi membran cukup efektif untuk menyisihkan senyawaLAS, namun tidak cukup efektif untuk menyisihkan senyawa amonia dalam air. Persentase penyisihan totalLAS untuk konsentrasi awal 30 mg/L, 50 mg/L dan 100 mg/L masing-masing diperoleh sebesar 89,82 %;84,20% dan 81,49% dan amonia sebesar 17,07%.</jats:p
Disinfection of Escherichia coli bacteria using hybrid method of ozonation and hydrodynamic cavitation with orifice plate
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Hydrogen Production System Using Non-Thermal Plasma Electrolysis in Glycerol-KOH Solution
Get PDFHydrogen is one of chemical industry feedstock and automobile fuel, which is commonly produced by electrolysis. Electrolysis, however, has several constraints that are primarily due to its large energy requirement. Plasma electrolysis is a breakthrough method that not only improves hydrogen production but also suppresses energy consumption. This research has been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of plasma electrolysis on hydrogen product quantity and energy consumption by varying the voltage and glycerol concentration. The results of this research showed that an increase in voltage led to increased hydrogen production and energy consumption; the addition of glycerol caused a decrease in hydrogen production but still resulted in an increase in energy consumption. The process effectiveness of plasma electrolysis at 300V and 0.1M KOH was 8.1 times higher than Faraday electrolysis
Performance Test and Operating Condition Optimization of Parallel Plate Plasma Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Decomposition
Get PDFA dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor for carbon dioxide (CO2) decomposition was developed to address the current phenomena of CO2 emissions exceeding 400 ppm in the atmosphere. As is widely known, CO2 is one of the main causes of global warming and climate change. In this research, a parallel plate plasma reactor was designed by modifying the DBD reactor configured with two parallel electrodes. The casing of the reactor was modified using an acrylic plate that acts as a shell for the optimal contact between the CO2 gas and the electrodes. The DBD reactor uses a 220 VAC line power (PLN), 50-60 Hz frequency. The performance of the DBD reactor was tested and optimized by varying the regulator output (AC) voltage and the CO2 feed flow rate to obtain the optimal operating conditions from the parallel plate plasma reactor for decomposition of CO2. The optimal process performance for the 7-gram (ozone production equivalent) plasma reactor was achieved at a discharge power of 82 Watts and a feed flow rate of 1.2 L.min-1 with CO2 conversion of 4.413% and energy efficiency of 2.093×10-3 mol.J-1. The optimal process performance for the 10-gram (ozone production equivalent) plasma reactor was achieved at a discharge power of 74 Watta and a feed flow rate of 1.2 L.min-1 with CO2 conversion of 3.949% and energy efficiency of 2.074×10-3 mol.J-1
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