1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Assessing people´s early warning response capability to inform urban planning interventions to reduce vulnerability to tsunamis : case study of Padang City, Indonesia
Full text linkIn the last decade, more emphasis is given on the human aspect of early warning or the attribute of “people-centered” early warning systems. This study seeks to better understand the specific conditions that shape people´s vulnerability in relation to their tsunami early warning response capability. The study lays emphasis on the bottlenecks within social conditions, issues of perception, and their linkages with urban evacuation spatial and infrastructure requirements. The study is based on an in-depth case study of the coastal city of Padang, Indonesia.
Founded on literature study on vulnerability and early warning concepts, a conceptual study was developed. Here, vulnerability was defined as “the conditions which influence the level of exposure and capability of people to respond to the warning and conduct appropriate evacuation, and in the long term, to change those conditions and enhance their response capability”. The study is composed of three main assessment blocks: i) current spatial hotspots and bottlenecks within social conditions assessments; ii) assessment of perception issues related with on-going or planned interventions; and iii) assessment of urban planning´s role and influence on vulnerability and people´s response capability. The first assessment block consists of spatial and temporal distribution of various social groups in the exposed areas (dynamic exposure); their access to safe places; their access to warning; and their evacuation behaviour. The second assessment block examines various cognitive factors connected with objective knowledge as well as socio-psychological factors pertaining to vulnerability reduction. These are intention to evacuate (reactive action) and intention to support improvement of evacuation infrastructure and facilities (proactive action). Moreover, perceptions connected with challenges of possible relocation as well as overall tsunami preparedness are explored. The third assessment block explores the urban planning´s role and interventions linked with various response capability components. In order to assess different thematic areas, an interdisciplinary approach is required, using engineering and social behavioural sciences approaches. Therefore, the combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods is used.
The results show that Padang´s current response capability varies according to its spatial and infrastructure setting as well as people´s socio-economic characteristics. Evacuation facilities and infrastructure were still lacking and their utilization was influenced by social conditions of the people. This implied a significant role for urban planning which needs to take into account various social groups´ specific needs while incorporating the importance of strategic risk communication within various interventions. The assessment needs to be integrated in the overall urban planning process and may provide guidance in finding the balance between long-term exposure reduction in dangerous areas and additional protection measures for mass evacuation.Im letzten Jahrzehnt wurde der Schwerpunkt im Bereich „Frühwarnsysteme“ zunehmend auf die menschliche Komponente der Frühwarnung im Sinne von "Menschen-zentrierten" Frühwarnsystemen gelegt. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation werden die Bedingungen analysiert, die die Verwundbarkeit der Menschen gemessen an ihrer Reaktionsfähigkeit auf Tsunami-Frühwarnungen bestimmen. Die Studie berücksichtigt dabei Unterschiede in den sozialen Bedingungen, Fragen der Wahrnehmung, und verknüpft diese mit den städtischen räumlichen und infrastrukturellen Anforderungen der Evakuierung. Die Studie wurde in der Küstenstadt Padang, Indonesien, durchgeführt. Basierend auf einer Literaturanalyse bestehender Verwundbarkeits- und Frühwarnungskonzepte wurde ein Rahmenkonzept entwickelt. Hierbei wurde die Verwundbarkeit definiert als "die Bedingungen, welche zum einen die Exposition der Menschen und zum anderen deren Fähigkeit beeinflussen, auf die Warnung zu reagieren und an einer Evakuierung teilzunehmen, und auf lange Sicht, diese Bedingungen zu ändern und ihre Reaktionsfähigkeit zu verbessern". Bei der Umsetzung wurden drei Untersuchungsbereiche unterschieden: i) die Einschätzung der aktuellen räumliche Engpässe und unzureichende soziale Bedingungen i) die Analyse der Wahrnehmung in Bezug auf die laufenden oder geplanten Maßnahmen, und iii) die Bewertung der Rolle und des Einflusses der Stadtplanung auf die Verwundbarkeit und Reaktionsfähigkeit der Menschen. Der erste Bereich bestand aus der räumlichen und zeitlichen Verteilung der sozialen Gruppen in den exponierten Gebieten (dynamische Exposition), deren Zugang zu sicheren Orten, deren Zugang zu Warnmeldungen, und deren Evakuierungsverhalten. Der zweite Bereich untersuchte den Einfluss verschiedener kognitiver Faktoren, insbesondere objektiven Wissens sowie sozio-psychologischer Faktoren, auf die Evakuierung (reaktives Handeln) und die Verbesserung der notwendigen Infrastruktur und Einrichtungen (proaktives Handeln). Die Wahrnehmung einer möglichen Umsiedlung und die Tsunamivorsorge wurde ebenfalls ermittelt. Der dritte Bereich untersuchte die Rolle der Stadtplanung in den tatsächlichen Interventionen in Bezug auf die verschiedenen Komponenten. Um die einzelnen Themenbereiche auszuwerten, wurde ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz verfolgt. Dazu wurden Ansätze aus der Technik, den Sozial- und Verhaltenswissenschaften verwendet und qualitative sowie quantitative Datenerhebungs- und Analysemethoden kombiniert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die aktuelle Reaktionsfähigkeit der Menschen in Padang von den räumlichen und infrastrukturellen sowie den sozioökonomischen Gegebenheiten abhängig ist. Einrichtungen und Infrastruktur zur Evakuierung fehlen und zudem wird ihre tatsächliche Nutzung von sozialen Bedingungen beeinflusst. Dabei zeigt sich die bedeutende Rolle der Stadtplanung, die die spezifischen Bedürfnisse der verschiedenen sozialen Gruppen in ihrer Planung berücksichtigen und dementsprechend ihre Risikokommunikation strategisch ausrichten sollte. Diese Einschätzung sollte in alle Stadtplanungsprozesse integriert werden. Zusätzlich können dadurch Abwägungen im Hinblick auf eine Balance zwischen langfristiger Reduzierung der Exposition und Bereitstellung zusätzlicher Schutzmaßnahmen für eine Evakuierung ermöglicht werden
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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