1,720,955 research outputs found
They Arrive, They Compete, But What’s Next?: Exploring the Transition Out of Sport Experiences of Former Division I International College Athletes
Get PDFInternational college athletes (ICAs) represent a unique and rapidly growing subpopulation within National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) member institutions, especially at the Division I (DI) level. These athletes bring a diverse range of national, cultural, religious, racial, and ethnic identities to United States (U.S.) higher education institutions (HEIs). Their numbers have risen significantly in recent decades, with over 25,000 ICAs currently enrolled in U.S. HEIs (NCAA, 2023). Despite this growth, research on the experiences of ICAs, particularly their career readiness, and transition out of athletics and into the workforce, remains scarce.This dissertation addresses this critical gap in the existing literature by exploring and investigating the following research questions:1. What are former DI ICAs’ career readiness and job search experiences as they prepare to transition out of sport and enter the workforce?2. What kind of resources and support systems are available to ICAs prior to graduation as they prepare to enter the workforce?3. What roles do stakeholders within athletic departments, U.S. HEIs, and national/federal organizations play in ICA experiences during their career preparation and transition out of sport journey?To address these questions, this qualitative study employed in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 25 former DI ICAs currently employed in the U.S. or another country. The research and analysis were guided by the theoretical framework of sport labor migration.Findings from the study revealed concerning trends in the treatment of ICAs. Most ICAs were exploited for their athletic abilities and left unprepared for successful careers beyond athletics. They were treated inequitably by NCAA member institutions, often viewed primarily as sources of athletic capital, economic gain, and global reputation (Bale, 1991). Many ICAs reported a lack of awareness regarding career preparation strategies within the U.S. context. They received limited to no career readiness support at various structural levels, from the NCAA, conference offices, college campuses, and athletic departments either integrating them into existing programs (which may not fully address their unique needs) or failing to provide any specialized programs at all. Additionally, excessive athletic demands and strict time constraints were identified as significant barriers, limiting ICAs' opportunities to engage in academic and professional development programs and workshops. Social capital, in the form of relationships built with other international students, teammates, and networks established during their time in the U.S., emerged as a crucial source of support for ICAs navigating career transitions and workforce entry.The lack of career readiness support translated into significant challenges during the job search process. Findings revealed that ICAs often faced personal and financial difficulties while navigating outdated and discriminatory visa laws and immigration policies impacting employment opportunities in the U.S. Exclusionary employer practices and anti-immigrant sentiment within U.S. based organizations further complicated their job search experiences. Additionally, ICAs reported challenges with degree applicability in the U.S. based on their nationality and choice of major, and difficulties with degree transferability upon returning to their home countries. For ICAs who remained in the U.S. and pursued graduate degrees, particularly in STEM fields, a supportive social and professional network proved beneficial in securing employment upon transitioning out of athletics.Based on these findings, I offer recommendations and suggestions for various stakeholders. These include the NCAA, its member institutions, conference offices, organizations across the U.S., the U.S. federal government as well as ICAs themselves. Overall, the study’s aim remains to raise awareness and demand for a more holistic approach that propels ICA career readiness and professional development based on their individual identities and needs, ensuring they are well-equipped for successful careers beyond athletics and empowered to take charge of their own transition out of sport into the workforce journeys. This shift is crucial to move away from a sport and education system that often views and treats ICAs primarily as sport labor migrants, and towards one that provides impactful, useful, integrative, and individualized career readiness and job search support and prepare to ICAs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Recruitment of International College Athletes (ICAs) to the United States: A Bourdieuian Examination of Pathways to Success
Get PDFSuccessful recruitment pathways of international college athletes (ICAs) remain understudied. We use Bourdieu’s capital exchange theory to examine how ICAs acquire and deploy forms of capital to navigate college athletic recruitment. Bourdieu posits that individuals accumulate different forms of capital, including economic, social, and cultural capital, which they can use to gain access to resources and opportunities. In the context of athletic recruitment, ICAs may need to acquire different forms of capital than their domestic counterparts. Thus, we use a qualitative research design to explore how ICAs navigate the recruitment process. Findings from our study provide valuable insights into the recruitment experiences of ICAs and factors that influence their success in the U.S. recruitment process
U.S. Citizenship Supremacy: How Immigration Laws and NCAA Policies Exclude International College Athletes From Monetizing Their Name, Image, and Likeness
Get PDFOn July 1, 2021, most NCAA student-athletes could finally monetize their names, images, and likenesses (NIL). Although the change was both welcome and historic, international college athletes (ICAs) could not. This commentary situates NIL within the broader context of U.S. nationalism, anti-immigrant sentiment, and college sports. We find that U.S. immigration laws combined with NCAA amateur policies prevent ICAs from monetizing their NIL. We conclude with reform suggestions at the legal, policy, and practice levels that will benefit all international students and immigrant workers
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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