177,121 research outputs found
Semantic approach to image retrieval using statistical models based on a lexical ontology
No full textThe increasing amount of digital images available on the Internet has made searching, browsing, and organizing such resources a major challenge. This paper proposes a semantic approach to text-based image retrieval of manually annotated digital images. The approach uses statistical models based on Semantic DNA (SDNA) extracted from the structure of a lexical ontology called OntoRo. The approach involves three main techniques: (a) SDNA extraction, (b) word sense disambiguation using statistical models based on the extracted SDNA, and (c) applying semantic similarity measures using SDNA. The experiments performed show that the proposed approach retrieves images based on their conceptual meaning rather than the use of specific keywords in their annotations
Semantic approach to image retrieval using statistical models based on a lexical ontology
No full textThe increasing amount of digital images available on the Internet has made searching, browsing, and organizing such resources a major challenge. This paper proposes a semantic approach to text-based image retrieval of manually annotated digital images. The approach uses statistical models based on Semantic DNA (SDNA) extracted from the structure of a lexical ontology called OntoRo. The approach involves three main techniques: (a) SDNA extraction, (b) word sense disambiguation using statistical models based on the extracted SDNA, and (c) applying semantic similarity measures using SDNA. The experiments performed show that the proposed approach retrieves images based on their conceptual meaning rather than the use of specific keywords in their annotations
A conceptual framework to support decision-making in remanufacturing engineering processes
No full textRemanufacturing is a promising industrial activity where products and materials are upgraded and considered for at least another life cycle. In addition to being an environmentally conscious action, remanufacturing has the potential to support circular economy within which significant profit opportunities exist. However, high levels of uncertainty can be experienced during, before and after remanufacturing. This makes its planning stochastic and hard to control. As each component or product is different, with for example high levels of geometrical variation; they may require a unique strategy and process planning. To aid this process, a conceptual decision making framework to support process planning of remanufacturing engineering processes (REP) is proposed. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is employed to support the proposed framework (hereafter referred to as REP-QFD). The application of the QFD based methods rely heavily on inputs from experts, in the form of their experience and knowledge. The paper considers how the proposed framework can be engineered with the aim to substantially reduce this reliance on experts and their expertise. The term “Engineering” here reflects the study’s focus on technical decisions at the reconditioning stage. To further support the framework a taxonomy of metal manufacturing/remanufacturing processes is also developed
An integrated eco-design decision making tool
No full textThe application of an integrated eco-design decision making tool is presented as a case study considering the design of an office chair base. This study brings together the analysis of factors relating to manufacturing processes, product usage and end-of-life strategy to demonstrate the operation of an eco-design case-based reasoning tool. This is shown to meet the requirement of the data storage, retrieval and re-use. A framework is provided to facilitate the application of sustainability criteria in the early design phase in a context with which designers are familiar. Such consideration can be made more understandable and relevant as more information is added. This makes all aspects of the process more rewarding for the participants and increases considerations of sustainability
Challenges and opportunities in the additive layer manufacturing of Al-Al2O3 nanocomposites
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Engineering a more sustainable manufacturing process for metal Additive Layer Manufacturing using a productive process pyramid
No full textSustainability within manufacturing is an increasingly important topic globally. One course of action being explored is to produce more parts ‘right first time’ so supporting an increasingly sustainable manufacturing process. This paper explores the Renishaw “productive process pyramid” and considers how it can be integrated into the ALM process. The pyramid is currently used to identify how layers of control can systematically remove variation from conventional machining processes. This application is focussed to consider how the variables that occur within the ALM manufacturing process can impact on the quality of the parts mechanically and geometrically. This approach can then inform the process foundation and process setting stages and enhance levels of in-process control
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Electric city buses with modular platform: a design proposition for sustainable mobility
No full textThe renewed interest for city buses and the constant growth of the urban population worldwide will contribute to inflate the global market size to more than 275,000 vehicles a year in 2020, up 60% compared to the current levels. Diesel buses are the most popular choice, even though their future market share will bear the brunt of shale gas discovery and advances in energy storage technology. This paper describes the dynamics of the city bus market and a business idea to enter the European public transportation market with sustainable vehicles featuring a new design platform, electric powertrains, and composite technology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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