1,721,053 research outputs found
The risk of fractures, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia in geriatric patients exposed to promethazine
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to compare the risk of fractures, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmia among Danish citizens aged ≥ 65 which were new users of promethazine or domperidone, triazolam, loratadine, and betahistine. Secondly, the study aimed to perform a risk stratification to identify the most relevant predictors for the study outcomes.Methods: The study period was 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2016. The data sources were the Danish registers. Each patient was followed for 90 days. A logistic regression model was used to compute the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR), and a conditional inference tree was used to identify the most relevant predictors for the study outcomes.Results: Promethazine had a higher risk of hospitalization for atrial fibrillation than loratadine and betahistine (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.07-2.63 and OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.69-7.14, respectively). For fractures, acute myocardial infarction, and ventricular arrhythmia hospitalizations, no statistically significant differences were found among drugs under investigation. The medical history of cardiac arrhythmia (OR 4.14; 95% CI 2.94-5.78, p<0.0001) was the most relevant predictor for atrial fibrillation hospitalizations.Conclusion: This study found an increased risk of atrial fibrillation hospitalization among promethazine users, and the risk was higher among patients with prior cardiac arrhythmia.</p
Reply to: "Impact of MELD 30-allocation policy on liver transplant outcomes in Italy: Considerations"
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
New era in treatment options of chronic hepatitis C: focus on safety of new direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)
No full textIntroduction: New direct-acting antivirals have changed hepatitis C virus infection management extremely. Areas covered: The pharmacological management of HCV infection and the main characteristics of new DAA therapies have been discussed. In order to analyse safety data regarding DAA therapies, a narrative review was performed searching for safety results of main second generation DAAs pivotal and post-marketing studies. Data on main DAAs drug-drug interactions have also been discussed. Results of main DAAs pivotal studies revealed that these drugs were frequently associated to adverse events such as asthenia, headache, nausea, and insomnia. Although some of post-marketing studies confirmed the good tolerability profile already detected in the pre-marketing phase, real-world safety data showed that second generation DAAs can be associated to cutaneous, metabolic, pulmonary, hepatic, and renal adverse events. Expert opinion: Safety results of pivotal and post-marketing studies indicated that the most recently approved DAAs are well tolerated. However, considering the recent marketing approval of new DAAs, further observational studies and post-marketing surveillance activities will be necessary in order to improve the knowledge of their safety
Dipeptidyl Peptidase (DPP)-4 Inhibitor-Induced Arthritis/Arthralgia: A Review of Clinical Cases
Full text linkDipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors are a class of oral drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The pharmacological inhibition of DPP-4 seems to also induce adverse events related to cytokine-induced inflammation. Recently, several clinical cases regarding the association of DPP-4 inhibitors and the onset of arthritis/arthralgia have been reported in the literature. Various mechanisms could be responsible for DPP-4 inhibitor-induced arthritis/arthralgia, and the increase of cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and genetic factors plays an important role. The US FDA published a safety announcement regarding the entire drug class, encouraging healthcare professionals and patients to pay attention to the occurrence of arthralgia during treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors; arthralgia could be assessed as a class adverse drug event for DPP-4 inhibitors. To summarize the evidence on the correlation between DPP-4 inhibitors and arthritis/arthralgia, and to explain the measures taken by the FDA with regard to arthralgia risk, we performed a literature review of recent evidence concerning this association. This review shows the necessity of other studies to better define the association between DPP-4 inhibitors and arthritis/arthralgia
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