200,563 research outputs found
Passatge Sert
No full textEl passatge Sert uneix el carrer Trafalgar amb el carrer Sant Pere més Alt. L'edifici es construí el 1867, sobre l'antiga fàbrica de mantes de Bonaventura Solà i Sert. A la façana hi ha una placa commemorativa al pintor Josep M. Sert que hi nasqué
“ Obesity serum factors affect human platelets SERT: we need a cellular model to investigate “
No full textAmongst molecules active in modulating 5-HT transmission, SERT exerts a main function by promoting 5-HT clearance and re-uptake into the pre-synaptic terminal, therefore controlling either the duration and extent of the transmitter action at specific targets after release or its “reserve” inside pre-synaptic vesicles. For this reason, SERT expression and function is under the control of several intracellular phosphorylation systems (Ramamoorthy et al. 2007). More recently, a relationship between obesity and inflammatory-immune response has been suggested (Matarese and La Cava, 2004), indicating a cross-talk between CNS and periphery in the control of body weight. In a preliminary attempt to elucidate these networks, the present study was thus designed to investigate the influence of 5-HT on body weight by measuring the equilibrium binding parameters (maximal binding capacity, Bmax and dissociation constant, Kd) of the high affinity SERT ligand [3H]-paroxetine in platelets from 174 subjects recruited on the basis of their body mass index (BMI), starting from 18 to > 40 kg/m2. The high affinity ligand [3H]-paroxetine was used as a selective tracer of SERT and subjects recruited to obtain five groups as regards to BMI: 1. normal weight (18-25 kg/ m2), 2. overweight (26-30 kg/ m2), 3. obese, I grade, (31-35 kg/ m2), 4. obese, II grade, (36-40 kg/ m2); 5. obese, III grade, (>40 kg/ m2). All subjects were also accurately monitored for clinical-biochemical parameters, including insulinemia and leptinemia blood glucose, insulin, leptin cytokines and other clinical-chemical parameters. We have chosen to study platelets as these non nucleate cells display an identical SERT to the brain one as well as several 5-HT receptor subtypes. For such reasons, platelets are considered “indicators” of 5-HT-regulated CNS-periphery connections and have been extensively studied in psychiatric-affective disorders since many years (Mellerup et al, 1983; Martini C. et al., 2004). Finally, platelets respond to agonist-induced activation by rapid phosphorilation and represent, therefore, a good model to study neuronal signal transduction events in periphery (Aharanovitz and Granot, 1996 ).
Our study is the first that showed a significant reduced SERT density in platelets of obese subjects (p<0.05), providing new insights in the role of 5-HT system and obesity.
Moreover, no BMI-dependent changes in [3H]-paroxetine Kd (nM) values, but a significant inverse correlation (p<0,0001) between [3H]-paroxetine Bmax values (fmol/mg protein) and BMI.
Consequently, a negative significant correlation was observed between [3H]-paroxetine Bmax values and: blood leptin, TNF-α, insulin, glicemia, PAS, aptoblobin and triglycerides.
In conclusion, these findings show that platelet SERT number is reduced in obese subjects and such a decrease could be linked, in part, to the efficiency of the insulin/adipokine-related downstream signaling cascade in periphery. These results could explain that adipose tissue entity are able to modulate SERT expression, but not his functionality, in platelets membrane.
Identification of isolated cellular model, capable to express SERT and having biochemical characteristics of platelet, could be useful to study the modulation of serotonin transporter by different factors related with obesity. We identified this model in MEG-01, a human megakaryoblastic leukaemia cell line, which specifically retains the morphological and functional properties of bone marrow megakaryocytes. This cell line is considered to be the most suitable one for evaluating human megakaryocytic maturation and differentiation into platelet-like cells (Isakari Y. et al 2007).
The evidence that SERT is present in megakaryoblasts suggests the physiological relevance of a balanced control of 5-HT levels during the differentiation processes leading to platelet formation (Liu YS et al 2006; Yang M et al 2007). After 8 days of MEG-01 cell culture with -TPA, significant cell morphological variations were observed, accompanied by changes in SERT immunostaining, from a perinuclear (undifferentiated cells) to a cytoplasm-diffuse (differentiated cells) fluorescence pattern. In -TPA activated MEG-01 cells a maximal increase of SERT mRNA was observed after 3 day of stimulation, reaching the steady state plateau; a moderate increase in protein expression was noticeable after 8 days of culture in-TPA, as shown by densitometric analysis of SERT immunoblot band and, even if not significantly, by 5-HT uptake results. 5-HT re-uptake experiments have shown that SERT is present in the plasma membrane of MEG-01 cells. Western blot revealed a single SERT band in control and treated cells, with an apparent size of 71 KDa, a M.W. comparable to that commonly reported for SERT in human brain and platelets (67-75 KDa). These findings demonstrate that megakaryoblastic cells increase SERT expression during megakaryocytopoiesis and that differentiation into megakaryocyte and proplatelet-like formation ensures an adequate SERT reserve and 5-HT storage in circulating platelets. The enhancement of SERT expression in -TPA treated cells seems in apparent contradiction with -TPA early events observed in platelets (Marazziti D et al 1999c; Jayanthi LD et al.2005; Carneiro AM et al. 2006). Nevertheless, some authors have reported that 1 M -TPA is able either to reduce (after 2h) or to stimulate (after 16 h) SERT uptake velocity in JAR placental cells (Ramamoorthy JD et al 1995). Jiang and coauthors (2002) have observed that both fibronectin and protein kinase C-dependent ERK1/2 MAPK activities are essential to promote megakaryoblastic differentiation. These authors have demonstrated that activation of protein kinase C alone (serum free -TPA stimulation) is not able to promote a full megakaryocytopoiesis process. Thus, the observed SERT increase might depend from -TPA-protein kinase C pathways and other signaling cascades. The protein kinase network and downstream signal convergent MAPK pathways could play a key role in SERT modulation. Proteomic analysis and gene expression studies together the use of selective protein kinase (also protein kinase C) or MAPK inhibitors will clarify the signaling pathways involved. On the basis of results we hypothesize that our findings derived from an equilibrium between different SERT regulatory effects: differentiation events, inducing morphological changes and leading to the formation of cytoskeleton-organized cells with 5-HT storage vesicles (Ogura M et al 1998), increase total SERT protein density (necessity to accumulate 5-HT in dense granules); phosphorylation, down-regulation and trafficking mechanisms (linked to cytoskeleton formation) can start having influence on SERT protein expression and function, especially in late events of megakaryocytopoiesis. This could explain the observed discrepancy between SERT mRNA and protein expression after 8 days of treatment with -TPA. We cannot, in fact, exclude that our Western blot protein extracts were enriched fractions of cytoplasm and plasma membrane components. These data seem to be in accordance with binding results obtained on cell membranes. Confocal microscopy of MEG-01 cells activated by TPA will verify SERT localization during early and late differentiation events. Since diverse protein regulatory patterns are present in immature megakaryoblasts cells as regards to pro-platelets and platelets (Tytgat GAM et al. 2002), the MEG-01 model should be primarily applied as a developmental model, for investigations regarding molecular differentiation events. For instance, it should be mentioned that a SERT regulatory endoproteolytic cleavage has been observed in human platelets, producing fragments of different size after immunoblot analysis, whereas a single SERT band was resolved in MEG-01 cell extracts, using the same primary antibodies, as here reported.
Megakaryoblastic MEG-01 differentiation is a complex phenomenon leading to up or down-regulation of a variety of genes (Isakari Y et al 2009). Nevertheless, taking into account all limits, the use of MEG-01 cells can be the starting point for many investigations as the evaluation of hormone and transmitter effects on megakaryoblastic differentiation.
Moreover, this cell line could be a cellular model to screen those of obesity serum factors are mostly important for long-term SERT down or up-regulation
Dicksonia l'Her., Sert. Angl.
No full text24.2. Dicksonia l'Hér., Sert. Angl. 30 (1789). T.: Dicksonia arborescens l'Hér.Published as part of Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., Zhang, Xian-Chun & Schneider, Harald, 2011, A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns, pp. 7-54 in Phytotaxa 19 on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/489399
Soil erosion model SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0
No full text3 Files: 1 .dll, 1 .zip and 1 .pdf file.[EN] The SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 software is the first programmed version (June 2014) of the third version (June 2014) of the GIS-based Soil Erosion and Redistribution Tool (SERT) model. The first version was presented in December 2007 (PhD research project of Dr. López-Vicente) and the second version in 2012 (López-Vicente et al., 2013, Agricultural Water Management 125: 1-12; http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/75609). Software under notarial registration. Under GNU General Public License v3 (GPL-3) https://tldrlegal.com/license/gnu-general-public-license-v3-(gpl-3).[ES] El programa informático SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 es la primera versión programada (junio 2014) de la tercera versión (junio 2014) del modelo con base SIG Soil Erosion and Redistribution Tool (SERT). La primera versión se presentó en diciembre de 2007 (dentro del proyecto de tesis doctoral del Dr. López-Vicente) y la segunda versión en 2012 (López-Vicente et al., 2013, Agricultural Water Management 125: 1-12; http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/75609). Software registrado notarialmente. Bajo GNU General Public License v3 (GPL-3) https://tldrlegal.com/license/gnu-general-public-license-v3-(gpl-3).[EN] The SERT model is a semi-physically-based approach to predict average rates of runoff depth, soil erosion in rill and interrill areas and sediment redistribution and yield in very small (< 1 km2), small (1–5 km2) and medium (5–50 km2) size catchments without permanent streams (e.g. creeks and rivers). The model uses programmed GIS commands to calculate the water and sediment balance factors and also the cumulative upstream runoff and relocation of sediments along the hillslopes. The processes that take place on the riverbed and river talus are not contemplated. The SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 software is divided into three independent modules: i) hydrology (SERT-Hydro), ii) soil erosion (SERT-Eros) and iii) soil redistribution (SERT-Redis). The SERT-Hydro module has the conceptual basis and most of the equations of the DR2-2013© SAGA v1.1 water balance model (López-Vicente et al., 2014, Environmental Modelling & Software 62, 11-21; http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/101825) and software (http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/93543). The SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 software requires 24 inputs (14 at monthly resolution and 10 without temporal variability) and it considers the spatial and temporal variations in rainfall intensity and depth, soil saturation, vegetation, tillage practices and upslope contribution factors. It generates 15 different outputs between maps and tables. It has been developed for the open-source SAGA© 2.0.8 GIS software for Microsoft Windows (32 and 64 bits) and also for LINUX. The SERT-Hydro and SERT-Redis modules includes the 8 weighted Flow Accumulation Algorithms (4 single-flow and 4 multiple-flow) that can simulate 15 spatial patterns of runoff and sediment redistribution. It includes a statistical package for the values of the main outputs. Module libraries are developed using C++ code and the script of the SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 software was registered by a public notary (# 2753/2014, date: 17 December 2014, place: Madrid, Spain).[ES] El modelo SERT es un método de simulación numérica de base semi-física que permite predecir las tasas promedio de escorrentía, erosión del suelo por regueros y zonas de arroyada, la redistribución espacial del suelo y la exportación del suelo erosionado a los cursos de agua semipermanente o permanente. Este modelo ha sido diseñado para cuencas muy pequeñas (< 1 km2), pequeñas (1–5 km2) y medianas (5–50 km2) sin presencia de cursos de agua permanentes (p.ej., arroyos y ríos). El modelo utiliza comandos de tipo SIG programados para calcular los factores de balance de la escorrentía acumulada y del suelo/sedimento removilizados, así como para el cálculo de la redistribución espacial de ambos componentes a lo largo de las laderas. Los procesos que tienen lugar en el leche de los cursos de agua permanentes y los taludes no se modelizan. El programa SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 se divide en tres módulos independientes: i) hidrología (SERT-Hydro), ii) erosión del suelo (SERT-Eros), y iii) redistribución y exportación del suelo (SERT-Redis). El módulo de hidrología se basa y comparte la mayoría de las ecuaciones del modelo de balance hídrico DR2-2013© SAGA v1.1 (López-Vicente et al., 2014, Environmental Modelling & Software 62, 11-21; http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/101825) y en su programa (http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/93543). El programa SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 requiere 24 parámetros de entrada (14 a resolución mensual y 10 sin variación temporal) y considera las variaciones espaciales y temporales de los parámetros de lluvia (intensidad y cantidad), infiltración/saturación, vegetación, prácticas de manejo y laboreo, y del área contributiva. El programa genera 15 parámetros de salida, entre mapas y tablas. El programa se ha desarrollado para la aplicación de tipo SIG SAGA© 2.0.8 para Microsoft Windows (32 y 64 bits) y también para LINUX. Los módulos SERT-Hydro y SERT-Redis incluyen 8 algoritmos de flujo acumulado ponderados (4 flujo único y 4 de flujo múltiple) que pueden simular 15 patrones espaciales diferentes de escorrentía y de redistribución del suelo desagregado. El programa incluye un paquete estadístico de los principales parámetros de salida. Las librerías de los tres módulos se han desarrollado en lenguaje C++ y el código del programa SERT-2014© SAGA v1.0 está registrado y protegido ante notario (número 2753/2014, fecha: 17 de diciembre de 2014, lugar: Madrid, España).Peer reviewe
Athous (Orthathous) yozgatiensis Kabalak and Sert, new species
No full textAthous (Orthathous) yozgatiensis Kabalak and Sert, new species (Figs. 1, 2a, 2b, 3a) Type Locality. Holotype: 1 male, Yozgat province, Sorgun County, Yaylalik village, Şebek picnic area, 40° 4′ 27.48″ N, 35° 14′ 41.58″ E, 1442m, 13.VII.2006, leg. M. Kabalak. Paratypes: 2 males, Yozgat province, Sorgun County, Yaylalık village, Şebek picnic area 40° 4′ 27.48″ N, 35° 14′ 41.58″ E, 1442m, 13.VII.2006, leg. M. Kabalak. Specimens are deposited in the Hacettepe University Zoology Museum (HUZOM) at the Hacettepe University Biology Department. Holotype. Male, length 7.5 mm; width 2.07 mm; body dark brown; anterior margin of pronotum reddish yellow; lateral and basal margins of scutellum yellow-ferrugineous, remainder of scutellum dark brown; elytra dark brown except yellow-ferrugineous base and elytral suture and basal part of elytra; antennae and legs yellow-ferrugineous; body covered with short, sparse yellowish hairs. Head, including eyes, as wide as anterior margin of pronotum and covered with umbilicate punctures, with a longitudinal impression from vertex and to frontoclypeal suture; fronto-clypeal suture slightly convex, not reaching sides of clypeus; antennae extend beyond apices of posterior angles of pronotum by about two segments, second segment subconical, slightly longer than wide, third segment subconical, 1.4 times longer than second, 1.4 times shorter than fourth and slightly narrower at apex, second and third together clearly longer than fourth, segments four to ten triangular, 1.5 times longer than wide, segments four and five resemble each other more than others, segment eleven ellipsoidal and longer than penultimate segment; pronotum 1.1 times longer than wide, slightly convex on the disk, without median carina, sides feebly arcuate, posterior angles slightly divergent, not carinate, apex rounded and directed upwards, lateral margin fully visible in dorsal view; punctuation generally deep, dense and umbilicate, sparser and smaller on medial disk; scutellum semi-circular, narrower than the interelytral space, longer than wide, strongly convex, with deep and scattered punctures; elytra 2.5 times longer than pronotum; sides sub-parallel except on distal third; striae regularly and indistinctly punctured; interstriae feebly convex, rough, with dense, simple punctures; legs with tarsal segment four small, in dorsal view as long as half of the third and as long as one-third of fifth segment. Aedeagus length 1.09 mm, typical morphology (Fig. 3a) for the genus, parameres acutely dentate and apex broadly rounded. Female. Unknown. Variation. 2 paratypes, length 9.25–10.61 mm, width 2.44–3.00 mm. Habitat. Specimens were taken from shrubs by net in a woodland consisting mainly of Quercus L. sp. and Carpinus L. sp. These woodlands are at the junction of the typical Central Anatolian and the Middle of Black Sea Coastal regions of Turkey. Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the locus typicus (type locality), the Yozgat Province. 1 mm), b) Antenna (scale bar = 1 mm). Diagnosis. Reitter (1905) proposed Orthathou s as a new subgenus of Athous. It is the most diverse subgenus in Turkey (Mertlik and Platia 2008). It can be differentiated from the other subgenera of the genus by: average smaller size; anteriorly inclined, not bordered, and convex scutellum; variable fronto-clypeal suture (Platia 1994; Laibner, 2000). The general morphologies of A. yozgatiensis, A. kovancii, and A. fragariae are very similar to each other. On the other hand, several general morphological characters and aedeagal structures can be used to differentiate them. The second antennal segment is slightly longer than wide in the new species, whereas it is as long as wide in A. kovancii and A. fragariae. The third antennal segment is 1.4 times longer than the second in A. yozgatiensis, whereas it is two times longer than the second in A. kovancii and A. fragariae. The distal teeth of the parameres are more strongly pointed in A. fragariae (Fig. 3c) than in A. yozgatiensis (Fig. 3a) and A. kovancii (Fig. 3b). The apex of the parameres is angled in A. kovancii and A. fragariae, but broadly rounded in the new species. A detailed comparison of general and aedeagus morphology, collection month, and localities for A. yozgatiensis, A. kovancii and A. fragariae are given in Table 1.Published as part of Kabalak, Mahmut & Sert, Osman, 2010, A New Species Of Athous Eschscholtz In The Subgenus Orthathous Reitter (Coleoptera: Elateridae) From Turkey, pp. 119-121 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 64 (2) on pages 119-12
Fate map of SERT-expressing cells in developing mouse heart.
No full textSerotonin regulates cardiovascular functions during embryogenesis and adulthood. However, the source of serotonin in the cardiovascular system and the role of circulating serotonin and serotonin transporter (SERT) in the regulation of cardiovascular functions are still unclear. We used a cell fate approach to map the regions of the mouse heart expressing SERT, utilizing a Cre/loxP system driven by SERT gene expression. Cell labelling was first detected at E10.5 and was mapped until E18.5. We found labelling in the outflow tract, part of right ventricle and to a very limited extent in the left ventricle. Interestingly, the distribution pattern of SERT-fated cells was remarkably similar to that obtained with markers of the second heart field lineage. In addition, we observed staining of atrioventricular valves, consistent with valvular abnormalities observed in SERT-/-animals. Overall, our data reveal specific and regionally restricted distribution of SERT-expressing cells in the developing heart of mouse
À propos de «À quoi sert le Capital». Une lettre de M. A. Maillet
No full textMaillet A. À propos de «À quoi sert le Capital». Une lettre de M. A. Maillet. In: Raison présente, n°72, 4e trimestre 1984. Rationalisme et religions. pp. 167-171
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