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Inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase as tools for cancer treatment: effect on cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and chemosensitivity.
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Role of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human osteosarcoma: in vitro effect of shRNA-mediated gene silencing on tumorigenicity
No full textContribution of the Paraoxonase-2 Enzyme to Cancer Cell Metabolism and Phenotypes
Get PDFParaoxonase-2 (PON2) is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular protein that is localized in the perinuclear region, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and mitochondria, and is also associated with the plasma membrane. PON2 functions as an antioxidant enzyme by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria and ER through different mechanisms, thus having an anti-apoptotic effect and preventing the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. While the antiatherogenic role played by this enzyme has been extensively explored within endothelial cells in association with vascular disorders, in the last decade, great efforts have been made to clarify its potential involvement in both blood and solid tumors, where PON2 was reported to be overexpressed. This review aims to deeply and carefully examine the contribution of this enzyme to different aspects of tumor cells by promoting the initiation, progression, and spread of neoplasms
Enhanced expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human osteosarcoma: potential role in tumor growth and chemoresistance
No full textInvolvment of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in proliferation, invasive capacity and chemosensitivity of human osteosarcoma.
No full textInvolvement of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase enzyme in radioresistance of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell
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Paraoxonase-2 (PON2) is upregulated in triple negative breast cancer and contributes to the tumor progression and chemoresistance
No full textTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) displays a high aggressive behavior, tendency to relapse and early metastasize, leading
to poor prognosis. The lack of estrogen receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, prevents the use of
endocrine or molecular targeted therapy, being therapeutical options for TNBC managements mostly limited to surgery,
radiotherapy and mainly chemotherapy. While an important number of TNBCs initially responds to chemotherapy, they are
prone to develop chemoresistance over the time. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel molecular targets to improve
the outcome of chemotherapy in TNBC. In this work we focused on the enzyme paraoxonase-2 (PON2) which has been
reported to be overexpressed in several tumors contributing to cancer aggressiveness and chemoresistance. Through a case–
control study, we analyzed PON2 immunohistochemical expression in breast cancer molecular subtypes Luminal A, Luminal
B, Luminal B HER2+, HER2 + and TNBC. Subsequently, we evaluated the in vitro effect of PON2 downregulation on cell
proliferation and response to chemotherapeutics. Our results showed that the PON2 expression levels were significantly
upregulated in the infiltrating tumors related to the subtypes Luminal A, HER2+ and TNBC compared to the healthy tissue.
Furthermore, PON2 downregulation led to a decrease in cell proliferation of breast cancer cells, and significantly enhanced
the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutics on the TNBC cells. Although further analyses are necessary to deeply understand the
mechanisms by which the enzyme could participate to breast cancer tumorigenesis, our results seem to demonstrate that
PON2 could represent a promising molecular target for TNBC treatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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