1,725,350 research outputs found
Plan stability: replanning versus plan repair
No full textThe ultimate objective in planning is to construct plans for execution. However, when a plan is executed in a real environment it can encounter differences between the expected and actual context of execution. These differences can manifest as divergences between the expected and observed states of the world, or as a change in the goals to be achieved by the plan. In both cases, the old plan must be replaced with a new one. In replacing the plan an important consideration is plan stability. We compare two alternative strategies for achieving the {em stable} repair of a plan: one is simply to replan from scratch and the other is to adapt the existing plan to the new context. We present arguments to support the claim that plan stability is a valuable property. We then propose an implementation, based on LPG, of a plan repair strategy that adapts a plan to its new context. We demonstrate empirically that our plan repair strategy achieves more stability than replanning and can produce repaired plans more efficiently than replanning
Serina soluta
No full text9. Serina soluta, synonymous name Serina soluta stenochila (Möllendorff, 1901) Figs. 5 J–K, 7; Tables 1, 3 Buliminus (Serina) solutus stenochilus Möllendorff, 1901: 362. Buliminus (Serina) solutus stenochilus—Kobelt, 1902: 863. Ena (Serina) solutus stenochilus—Yen, 1938: 442. Serina soluta stenochila— Yen, 1939: 87, pl. 8, fig. 22; Chen, Zhou, Luo & Zhang, 2003: 442. Type locality. Tal des Tung (Sichuan). Material examined. SMF- 42048: Lectotype. SMF- 42049: 3 paralectotypes (Yen, 1939: 87) (All lectotypes / paralectotypes in this study were defined by Yen, 1939. It should be noticed that the “ paralectotype ” were written as “paratypoide” by Yen, 1939). Distribution. Sichuan (type locality). Diagnosis. Shell fusiform; with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl. Suture simple. Last whorl gradually ascending towards aperture; rounded at periphery. Aperture separated from body whorl; not armed; not duplicate. Shell. Fusiform; with apex not abruptly pointed; dextral; with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl. Growth lines fine and clear. Whorls convex. Postnuclear whorls smooth. Suture simple. Last whorl gradually ascending towards aperture; rounded at periphery; abaperturally indistinctly with a rugate region with crowded and/or thickened growthline-like folds. Aperture wavy; subcircular; vertical; completely separated from body whorl; not armed. Aperture not duplicate. Peristome and parietal callus almost completely fusing except for a channel at upper insertion of peristome. Reflexed part of peristome straight and not curved backward. Columellar margin reflexed. Columella arched. Umbilicus narrowly open. Shell uniformly brown. Aperture brownish white. Measured specimens: SMF- 42048, SMF- 42049: 4 shells. Taxonomic remarks. S. soluta stenochila does not differ from the S. soluta soluta and S. soluta inflata by the less stretched out lip as diagnosed in the original description (Möllendorff, 1901). The analysis of the measurements suggests, based mostly on the type specimens, the three subspecies are very weakly conchologically distinguishable (Fig. 7). Considering both the resemblance among the “subspecies” and their insufficient distribution information, we suggest that at the current state of knowledge the subspecies in this species are not tenable, the taxa should be regarded as synonyms of S. soluta.Published as part of Wu, Min & Xu, Qin, 2013, Serina Gredler (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora: Enidae), the continuous-peristomed mountain snails endemic to the eastern slope of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, pp. 43-66 in Zootaxa 3620 (1) on pages 58-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/28340
Kernel functions for case-based planning
No full textCase-based planning can take advantage of former problem-solving experiences by storing in a plan library previously generated plans that can be reused to solve similar planning problems in the future. Although comparative worst-case complexity analyses of plan generation and reuse techniques reveal that it is not possible to achieve provable efficiency gain of reuse over generation, we show that the case-based planning approach can be an effective alternative to plan generation when similar reuse candidates can be chosen. In this paper we describe an innovative case-based planning system, called OAKplan, which can efficiently retrieve planning cases from plan libraries containing more than ten thousand cases, choose heuristically a suitable candidate and adapt it to provide a good quality solution plan which is similar to the one retrieved from the case library. Given a planning problem we encode it as a compact graph structure, that we call Planning Encoding Graph, which gives us a detailed description of the topology of the planning problem. By using this graph representation, we examine an approximate retrieval procedure based on kernel functions that effectively match planning instances, achieving extremely good performance in standard benchmark domains. The experimental results point out the effect of the case base size and the importance of accurate matching functions for global system performance. Overall, we show that OAKplan is competitive with state-of-the-art plan generation systems in terms of number of problems solved, CPU time, plan difference values and plan quality when cases similar to the current planning problem are available in the plan library. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Identifying and Exploiting Features for Effective Plan Retrieval in Case-Based Planning
Full text linkCase-Based planning can fruitfully exploit knowledge
gained by solving a large number of problems, storing
the corresponding solutions in a plan library and reusing
them for solving similar planning problems in the future.
Case-based planning is extremely effective when
similar reuse candidates can be efficiently chosen.
In this paper, we study an innovative technique based
on planning problem features for efficiently retrieving
solved planning problems (and relative plans) from
large plan libraries. A problem feature is a characteristic
of the instance that can be automatically derived from
the problem specification, domain and search space
analyses, and different problem encodings.
Since the use of existing planning features are not always
able to effectively distinguish between problems
within the same planning domain, we introduce a new
class of features.
An experimental analysis in this paper shows that our
features-based retrieval approach can significantly improve
the performance of a state-of-the-art case-based
planning system
Serine metabolism in ovarian cancer treatment
No full textopenLa resistenza alla chemioterapia a base di platino rappresenta un ostacolo importante nel trattamento di molti tumori. In particolare nel tumore ovarico, molte pazienti sperimentano diversi cicli di risposta-recidiva, fino ad arrivare a sviluppare la resistenza al trattamento, che diventa una delle principali cause di prognosi sfavorevole.
La biosintesi della serina è stata in generale correlata alla crescita di diversi tipi di tumore, tuttavia, il suo ruolo nello sviluppo della resistenza al platino nel cancro ovarico non è stato ancora studiato.
L’articolo in esame mostra che in un sottogruppo di tumori ovarici resistenti, a seguito di chemioterapia a base di platino, si assiste alla diminuzione dell’espressione della fosfoglicerato deidrogenasi (PHGDH), l’enzima principale coinvolto nella via di biosintesi della serina. Nello specifico è emerso che l’entità della riduzione dei livelli di PHGDH correla con una prognosi peggiore. Lo studio mette inoltre in evidenza che il riarrangiamento della biosintesi della serina è accompagnato da un fenotipo che risparmia NAD+, il coenzima da cui dipende l’attività di PHGDH, e che sostiene l’attività degli enzimi PARP, coinvolti nella riparazione dei danni al DNA, suggerendo così la possibilità di nuove terapie
Sustainability and Role of Engineering Education: SERINA
Full text linkIn the IACEE (International Association for Continuing Engineering Education -
www.iacee.org) world conference of 2016 a declaration was signed by participants. IACEE
is an international organization dedicated to the Continuing Professional Development
(CPD) and to the Continuing Education in Engineering (CEE). This declaration resulted in
the creation of SERINA (http://serina.iacee.org). SERINA means Sustainability Education
and Research in Action.
SERINA recognizes the scale and complexity of the gap between existing solutions and the
needs facing our planet concerning sustainability. SERINA is likely placed to act on this
opportunity. SERINA seeks to pivot the organization to connect individuals, universities,
industry, government and NGO organizations to meet the grand challenges facing humanity
and the world.
Keeping with its dedication to lifelong learning, SERINA has developed and will continue
to develop global initiatives to address those twenty-one century challenges threatening the
survival of human kind through collaboration, design, creative thinking and engineering.
SERINA wants to implement the Porto declaration within the engineering community and
influence stakeholders to comply with a framework of global sustainable development.
Change and improvement can be obtained mostly by education and training of the current
engineering community around the world
Serina cathaica Gredler 1898
No full text2. Serina cathaica Gredler, 1898 Figs. 1, 2 B–C; Tables 1, 3 Serina cathaica Gredler, 1898 a: 11, T. F. 7. Serina cathaica— Gredler, 1898 b: 106. Yen, 1939: 87, pl. 8, fig. 20. Yen, 1942: 255. Chen, Zhou, Luo & Zhang, 2003: 442. Buliminus (Serina) cathaicus— Möllendorff, 1901: 360, pl. 16, figs. 11–14. Kobelt, 1902: 862, pl. 123, figs. 11–14. Type locality. Between Yulinkuan and Wenxian (Gansu). Material examined. ZI RAS (not numbered): 1 juv. NHM-1902.5.13.19 Reg.: 1 fms (measurements: wh 9.000, h 10.6 mm, w 2.8 mm, aph 3.0 mm, aw 2.4 mm); Gansu. SMF- 42046: 4 fms. Distribution. S Gansu. Diagnosis. Shell with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl. Whorls with a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Last whorl ascending immediately near aperture; straight at periphery; completely attached to body whorl. Aperture not duplicate. Shell. Turrited, or ovate-turriform; dextral; with apex not abruptly pointed; with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl; height 9.7–10.4 – 11.4, diameter major 2.8 –3.0– 3.3, ratio of height /diameter major 3.30–3.45 – 3.68. Growth lines fine and clear. Whorls 8 1 / 8 – 8 3 / 8 – 8 5 / 8, convex; with a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Embryonic shell 1 1 / 4 – 1 1 / 2 +– 2 whorls. Postnuclear whorls smooth. Last whorl ascending immediately near aperture; straight at periphery; with a rugate region with abapertural crowded and/or thickened growthline-like folds. Aperture in a plane and straight; ovate; almost vertical; completely attached to body whorl; height 2.7–2.9 – 3.4, width 2.0– 2.4–2.8, ratio of shell height /apertural height 3.37–3.59 – 3.83. Aperture not duplicate. Peristome and parietal callus almost completely fusing except for a channel at upper insertion of peristome. Reflexed part of peristome straight and not curved backward. Abapertural peripheral depression on body whorl spirally extending for ca. 1 whorl. Columellar margin reflexed. Columella arched. Umbilicus narrowly open. Shell uniformly chestnut, with aperture identically or brightly coloured. Measured specimens: SMF-42046, 4 shells.Published as part of Wu, Min & Xu, Qin, 2013, Serina Gredler (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora: Enidae), the continuous-peristomed mountain snails endemic to the eastern slope of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, pp. 43-66 in Zootaxa 3620 (1) on pages 46-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/28340
Serina soluta Mollendorff 1901
No full text7. <i>Serina soluta</i> (Möllendorff, 1901) <p>Figs. 1, 5 F–G, 7; Tables 1, 3</p> <p> <i>Buliminus</i> (<i>Serina</i>) <i>solutus</i> Möllendorff, 1901: 361, pl.16, figs. 15–18. <i>Buliminus</i> (<i>Serina</i>) <i>solutus—</i> Kobelt, 1902: 863, pl. 123, figs. 15–18.</p> <p> <i>Ena</i> (<i>Serina</i>) <i>soluta—</i> Haas, 1933: 319; Yen, 1938: 442.</p> <p> <i>Serina soluta soluta—</i> Yen, 1939: 87, pl. 8, fig. 21; Chen, Zhou, Luo & Zhang, 2003: 442.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Wa-sy-kou and Liu-ting near Tung valley (respectively Wasigou and Luding in modern spelling, Sichuan).</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> SMF-42047: Lectotype (Yen, 1939: 87); Wa-sy-kou am Tung, China. ZI RAS- N–294: 1893–IV–15. ZI RAS-N–284: type material, 1893–VII–15. NHM-Trechmann Acc. No. 2176: 1 fms, Tibet.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Sichuan (type locality).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Shell with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl and body whorl. Whorls with a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Last whorl straight or descending in front; rounded at periphery. Aperture not duplicate; separated from body whorl; not armed.</p> <p> <b>Shell.</b> Fusiform; with apex not abruptly pointed; dextral; with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl to body whorl; height 11.9–13.2–14.3, diameter major 4.6–5.2–5.8, ratio of height /diameter major 2.32–2.57–2.79. Growth lines fine and clear. Whorls 7 1/2–8 1/2-–9, convex; with or without a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Embryonic shell 1 1/2–1 5/8+–1 7/8 whorls. Postnuclear whorls smooth. Last whorl straight or descending in front; rounded at periphery; abaperturally very obscurely with a rugate region with crowded and/or thickened growthline-like folds. Aperture in a plane and straight, or wavy; subcircular; oblique; separated from body whorl; not armed; height 3.7–4.0–4.6, width 2.8–3.1–3.7, ratio of shell height /apertural height 2.91–3.32–3.51. Aperture not duplicate. Peristome and parietal callus almost completely fusing except for a channel at upper insertion of peristome. Reflexed part of peristome straight and not curved backward. Columellar margin reflexed. Columella arched. Umbilicus narrowly open. Shell uniformly light yellowish brown. Aperture dirty white. Measured specimen: SMF-42047, 1 shell.</p>Published as part of <i>Wu, Min & Xu, Qin, 2013, Serina Gredler (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora: Enidae), the continuous-peristomed mountain snails endemic to the eastern slope of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, pp. 43-66 in Zootaxa 3620 (1)</i> on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/283400">http://zenodo.org/record/283400</a>
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