105 research outputs found
Noncommunicable diseases: stepping up the fight
No full textThe prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases is now a top priority in many countries. Sergey Boytsov tells Fiona Fleck how the Russian Federation is collaborating with other Commonwealth of Independent States’ countries
Where have you been? Using location clustering and context awareness to understand places of interest
No full textMobile devices have access to multiple sources of location data, but at any particular time often only a fraction of the location information sources is available. Fusion of location information can provide reliable real-time location awareness on the mobile phone. In this paper we propose and evaluate a novel approach to detecting the places of interest based on density-based clustering. We address both extracting the information about relevant places from the combined location information, and detecting the visits to known places in the real time. In this paper we also propose and evaluate ContReMAR application - an application for mobile context and location awareness. We use Nokia MDC dataset to evaluate our findings, find the proper configuration of clustering algorithm and refine various aspects of place detection</p
Effects of tobacco control policy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Russia
No full textBackground According to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey carried out in Russia in 2009, the country had one of the highest smoking prevalence rates in Europe. In response to this health and economic burden, Russia implemented a comprehensive Tobacco Control Law (TCL) in 2013, which has been associated with a 21.5% relative decline in adult smoking prevalence in 2016 compared with 2009. This study tests the impact of the TCL on cardiovascular disease (CVD) related health outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. Method The study evaluated the TCL as an intervention in a natural experiment during the period 2003-2015. A synthetic control was created as a comparator, using data from countries that did not have a comparable comprehensive tobacco control intervention. Changes in trends in CVD outcomes - hospital discharge rates (HDRs) and standardized death rates (SDRs) - were then compared to test for an impact associated with the TCL. Results Pre-intervention trends in CVD-related HDRs were similar between Russia and the synthetic control, but became divergent after the TCL with greater benefit observed in Russia. This implies a beneficial impact of the TCL on CVD related morbidity in the Russian population. Whilst SDRs continued to reduce in both Russia and the control, the impact of TCL is less clear. Conclusion This study provides further evidence to support comprehensive tobacco control in line with the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Alongside a reduction in tobacco consumption, smoking-related CVD morbidity appears to benefit quite soon after implementation, whilst smoking-related deaths might need a longer post-intervention period to be detectable
autosome-ru/ADASTRA-pipeline: release-Susan
No full textThe pipeline used for ADASTRA data processing
Key changes and updates:
Estimating significance of individual ASBs: the weight parameter obtained by fitting the negative binomial mixture (applicable for scoring ASBs for BAD > 1) is now used as an informative prior, that is treated as the probability of the tested allele (the Reference allele for Ref-ASBs and the Alternative allele for Alt-ASBs) to have a higher copy number (compared to the other allele with a fixed read count), and thus to have a higher ChIP-Seq read count independently of TF binding.
The posterior was calculated for each particular SNV and used for ASB scoring, the Bayesian factor was calculated from the likelihood ratio
of obtaining the observed ChIP-Seq read count at the tested allele agreeing (the tested allele has higher DNA copy number) or contrasting
(conversely) with the DNA copy number (defined by BAD). This posterior weight was used to compute the P-value and the effect size for
individual SNVs.
This updated approach improves the statistical scoring of ASBs by reweighting the Negative binomial mixture and placing an emphasis on
the component that is more likely to be the source of the observed read counts. This is specifically important for cell type-ASBs, where the
allele with a larger ChIP-Seq read count is commonly shared between experiments.
This improvement marks the main difference with the published algorithm (doi:10.1101/2020.10.07.327643), which had a disadvantage that
different observations (experiments for the same SNV) having a common allele with a greater ChIP-Seq read count, in fact, did not comply
with the 'global' fit of the Negative Binomial Mixture model.
BAD calling procedure changes: the penalty for generating additional segments in the BABACHI algorithm (https://github.com/autosome-ru/BABACHI) was changed to CAIC4 (CAIC with the multiplier of 4) instead of 9 used in Soos. This provides a minor but consistent improvement in terms of BAD maps agreement with COSMIC
Ways for reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases: A review
No full textWays for reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases The article analyzes the possible ways to further reduce cardiovascular disease mortality in the Russian Federation by eliminating shortcomings and pitfalls, introducing known but not used opportunities, and new organizational and medical technologies based on the accumulated experience of "best practice"
autosome-ru/BABACHI: BABACHI 2.0
No full textNew version of BABACHI. Now works with VCF files and saves the output as BED fil
Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in 2775 Patients with Arterial Hypertension and Coronary Heart Disease: Results from the COMETA Multicenter Study.
No full textAim
To identify associations of anxiety symptoms (AS) and depressive symptoms (DS) with other psychosocial and lifestyle risk factors in primary care patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and/or coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods
COMETA (Clinical-epidemiOlogical prograM of studying psychosocial risk factors in cardiological practice in patiEnts with arterial hyperTension and ischemic heArt disease) is a multicenter cross-sectional study performed in 30 big cities of Russia with two to five out-patient clinics per city randomly selected and two to five general practitioners (GPs) per an out-patient clinic. Each GP included 8-10 consecutive patients with AH and/or CHD. AS and DS were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
Results
325 GPs enrolled 2775 patients (mean age 66.7 years, 72% women) with AH (60.8%), CHD (2.6%), and AH plus CHD (36.6%). Moderate/severe (≥11 HADS) AS were found in 25.5% and DS in 16.3% patients. The strongest associations of AS and DS were revealed for high stress level (OR 5.79; 95% CI [4.18-8.03]), moderate stress level (OR 2.34; 95% CI [1.73-3.16]), low social support (OR 1.87; 95% CI [1.31-2.68]) and female gender (OR 1.78; 95% CI [1.41-2.25]). Low physical activity, unhealthy eating, unemployment and low income were also positively associated with both AS and DS (p < 0.003 for all).
Conclusion
In out-patients with AH and CHD, AS and DS were strongly associated with higher levels of stress, low social support, unemployment, low family income and unhealthy lifestyle such as low physical activity, low fruit and vegetables intake and excessive salt consumption. Our findings indicate that patients with AH and CHD, who have anxiety and depressive symptoms need extra attention and monitoring in regard to stress and lifestyle risk factor control
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