1,720,957 research outputs found
Mapping obsessive compulsive personality disorders (OCPD) traits: development and validation of measures for overcontrolled disorders and OCPD
No full textBased on the theory of Maladaptive Overcontrol (Lynch, 2018) this thesis developed and validated two self-report measures: a 17-item screening measure for overcontrolled disorders and a 42-item measure of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD). Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and psychometric analyses in Studies 1 and 2 showed that the 17-item Brief Overcontrol Scale (BOS) has a robust factor structure and strong psychometric properties. In Studies 3 and 4 I present the development and validation of the 42-item Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder Inventory (OC-PDI) and I offer evidence on the measure’s convergent, discriminant and predictive validity. Study 5 focuses on the trait profile of OCPD. I provide further evidence on the construct validity of the OC-PDI and I discuss the conceptualisation, phenomenology, and operationalisation of OCPD, using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) as a measure of criterion validity. Analyses conducted on a sample of participants scoring high in OCPD traits showed that Social Anxiety is a core trait of OCPD which should be included in assessment measures of this personality disorder, whereas the PID-5 trait of Intimacy Avoidance does not belong to the OCPD spectrum phenomenology. The role of Maladaptive Coping and Emotion Regulation difficulties is investigated for the first time in OCPD literature using structural equation models. I argue that contrary to common phenomenological interpretations, OCPD is characterised by marked Emotion Regulation deficits which mediate the link between OCPD and depression and anxiety. Future research should focus on replicating the psychometric properties of the BOS and the OC-PDI in clinical samples to further validate and refine the measures. Keywords: measurement development, construct validation, Overcontrol, Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder, emotion regulation, PID-
Radically open-dialectical behaviour therapy for overcontrolled disorders: Including refractory depression, anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
No full textIncluding refractory depression, anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Validity of a revised Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) trait profile and its relationship with Social Interaction Anxiety and Coping
No full textThere is evidence suggesting that the conceptualization and operationalization of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is not satisfactory (Watters et al., 2019). In this study, we used an online sample (N = 1008) to investigate the construct validity of the PID-5 OCPD trait measure. Regression analyses supported our hypothesis that rigid perfectionism captured the core phenomenology of OCPD whereas restricted affectivity and intimacy avoidance were not conceptually related to the OCPD construct. Based on the biosocial theory for overcontrol (Lynch, 2018), we introduced anxiousness and workaholism to the PID-5 OCPD trait profile. In establishing the validity of the revised OCPD trait profile, we investigated, for the first time, the role of social interaction anxiety and maladaptive coping in OCPD. Our revised OCPD profile showed good validity and was characterized by marked social interaction anxiety and dysfunctional coping mechanisms. The findings may lead to a new conceptualization of OCPD which prioritizes deficits in social interaction and coping. We identify areas that need to be prioritized in the evaluation of OCPD by mental health professionals and offer avenues for new clinical research in the field.</p
Descriptive and predictive validity of somatic attributions in patients with somatoform disorders: A systematic review of quantitative research
No full textObjective: Research on hypochondriasis and other somatoform disorders (SFD) has provided evidence that patients with SFD tend to attribute their symptoms to organic dysfunctions or disease. However, recent studies appear to discredit this. There is no systematic evidence on whether patients with SFD predominantly rely on somatic attributions, despite calls to include somatic attributions as a positive criterion of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) in the upcoming Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Methods: This study is a systematic review of quantitative studies which assess the descriptive and predictive validity of somatic attribution in SFD. The literature search was restricted to studies with patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for SFD. Results: Somatic attribution style in SFD has acceptable descriptive but insufficient predictive validity. This confirms that the overlap between somatic and psychological attributions is often substantial. Attribution style can discriminate between SFD patients with and without comorbidity. Conclusion: A somatic attribution style does not qualify as a positive criterion in SSD. However, there is an urgent need for further research on causal illness perceptions in the full spectrum of medically unexplained symptoms in order to confirm this result. Given its high prevalence, research on psychological attribution style is warranted. Re-attribution does not provide a framework sophisticated enough to address the needs of patients in primary care. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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