1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Global Vision of Local Poverty: A Comment
Get PDFDebating the merits of various definitions has driven the field of Poverty Studies for the last half-century. Over a half century of scholarship has demonstrated that the definition of poverty is immaterial to awareness of poverty’s existence. People know that poverty exists even if they do not know how to precisely identify its specific features. As a result, several scholars have concluded that any definition of poverty must conform to lay understandings to be accepted and, therefore, considered ‘socially relevant’. This article demonstrates that ‘socially relevant’ is a loaded term because defining it necessitates an act of boundary setting. It requires determining those whose opinions about relevance are counted and those who are ignored. Since social inclusion is costly, the poor are often unable to participate meaningfully in the process of defining poverty. Yet it is precisely this group that the field of Poverty Studies seeks to understand. Since communities of the poor have their own unique definitions of social necessity, scholars must disentangle the preferences of from the limitations on the poor when defining poverty
Feasting on famines: food insecurity and the making of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1883-1956
No full textThe cycle of famine and food insecurity that afflicted much of Northern, Central and Eastern Sudan in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was part of an inter-generational process that fundamentally altered indigenous economic, political and social structures and, in so doing, allowed British imperial agents to conquer the Sudan and, subsequently, to seize key natural resources, including the Nile and fertile regions in the Jazira and Eastern Sudan. This cycle was triggered by British military policies pursued in the 1880s to contain the Mahdist Rebellion (1883-1898). These policies eroded the food security of indigenous communities in Dunqula, Eastern Sudan and the Red Sea Hills and precipitated a series of famines that destabilized the Mahdist state. Though British-led forces were unaffected by these nineteenth century food crises, the British-controlled Anglo-Egyptian government was, in the years following its establishment in 1898, weakened by a prolonged period of food insecurity during which indigenous communities exerted their right to control their slaves, land and produce. Subsequent innovations in the colonial economy, notably the development of a common grain market, precipitated a number of early twentieth century famines that impoverished many indigenous communities and, thereby, prevented indigenous resistance to state efforts to develop Sudanese resources for the benefit of British industry. At the same time, the Anglo-Egyptian government actively promoted the economic interests of a select group of indigenous elites by allowing them to invest in the resources seized by the state during food crises and, after independence, these elites maintained many of the agricultural policies that had failed to assure food security.Le cycle de la famine et l'insécurité alimentaire qui a affligé plusieurs peuples dans les régions du Nord, du Centre et de l'Est du Soudan vers la fin du dix-neuvième et le début du vingtième siècle était à cause d'un processus intergénérationnel qui a changé les structures économiques, politiques et sociales des communautés soudanaises et qui a permis aux agents impériaux britanniques de conquérir le Soudan et, par la suite, s'emparer de ressources naturelles importantes, incluant le Nil et des régions fertiles dans le Jazira et l'Est du Soudan. Ce cycle fut déclenché par des politiques militaires britanniques poursuivis dans les années 1880 pour contenir la Rébellion mahdiste (1883-1898). Ces politiques ont érodé la sécurité alimentaire des communautés indigènes à Dunqula, à l'Est du Soudan et aux Massifs de la Mer Rouge et ont précipité une série de famines qui ont déstabilisé l'État mahdiste. Bien que les armées dirigées par les Britanniques ne fussent pas affectées par ces crises alimentaires du dix-neuvième siècle, l'État anglo-égyptien, qui était contrôlé par les Britanniques, a été affaibli pendant les années suivant sa fondation en 1898 par une longue période d'insécurité alimentaire qui a permis aux communautés indigènes de maintenir le contrôle de leurs esclaves, leurs terrains et leurs produits agricoles. Des innovations dans l'économie coloniale, notamment le développement d'un marché commun des grains, a précipité des famines au début du vingtième siècle qui ont démuni plusieurs communautés soudanaises et ont ainsi empêché la résistance indigène contre le développement des ressources soudanaises au profit de l'industrie britannique. En même temps, l'État anglo-égyptien a encouragé les intérêts économiques d'un groupe d'élites indigènes en leur permettant d'investir dans les ressources saisis par l'état pendant les crises alimentaires. Après l'indépendance, ces élites ont maintenu plusieurs des pratiques agricoles qui avaient échoué à assurer la sécurité alimentaire
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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