1,720,954 research outputs found
Does decentralization work? An assessment of the causes and consequences of subnational fragmentation in Brazil
Get PDFIn an effort to spur development and entrench democratization in the late-twentieth century, many developing countries decentralized various central government functions. As countries devolved power to smaller political units, some experienced subnational fragmentation - a process in which some local communities split into multiple new communities. A fledgling literature assesses both the causes and the effects of subnational fragmentation in the developing world and provides insight into the effects of the facet of decentralization that reduces the size of political units. In my dissertation, I extend the knowledge accumulated on the subject to the Brazilian case. The intense fragmentation in Brazil and the multi-stage process governing fragmentation in the country offer a unique opportunity to precisely explain the causes of and roadblocks to subnational fragmentation in Brazil and to uncover its effects on political participation in local elections and public goods provision. Using archival research conducted in the Legislative Assembly of the most municipality-dense Brazilian state, Minas Gerais, and fragmentation plebiscite results, I empirically assess the motivations underlying local leaders’ submissions of fragmentation proposals and the factors leading state legislatures and voters to subsequently approve or reject submitted proposals. I find that a combination of local grievances, state and local political alignments, and the number of municipal districts involved in fragmentation differentiate municipalities that fragment from municipalities that do not fragment. Controlling for these causes with matching, I use difference-in-difference analyses constructed with original datasets on municipality creation to assess the consequences of fragmentation for political participation and public goods provision. I learn that subnational fragmentation enhances political participation in the first post-fragmentation local elections but that this positive participatory effect is short-lived. I attribute this short-lived uptick in political participation to enduring effects of political mobilization from the subnational fragmentation process. Additionally, I find that fragmentation helps underperforming municipalities to improve the quality of services, specifically, education infrastructure that they provide to their constituents. Municipalities created as a product of fragmentation are especially benefited through the enhanced administrative attention afforded by subnational fragmentation. Jointly, I interpret my results as evidence that decentralization and small local governments can live up to some of their promises, especially in the provision of public goods.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Kelly Senters, accepted the attached license on 2018-06-26 at 16:04.The student, Kelly Senters, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-06-26 at 16:07.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-06-27 at 15:11.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12669 on 2018-09-27 at 11:33:41Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:45:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2018-06-27Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107871
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:45:39Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107871
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:47:41Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 107871 on 2020-09-28T09:15:30Z
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does decentralization work? An assessment of the causes and consequences of subnational fragmentation in Brazil
No full textIn an effort to spur development and entrench democratization in the late-twentieth century, many developing countries decentralized various central government functions. As countries devolved power to smaller political units, some experienced subnational fragmentation - a process in which some local communities split into multiple new communities. A fledgling literature assesses both the causes and the effects of subnational fragmentation in the developing world and provides insight into the effects of the facet of decentralization that reduces the size of political units. In my dissertation, I extend the knowledge accumulated on the subject to the Brazilian case. The intense fragmentation in Brazil and the multi-stage process governing fragmentation in the country offer a unique opportunity to precisely explain the causes of and roadblocks to subnational fragmentation in Brazil and to uncover its effects on political participation in local elections and public goods provision. Using archival research conducted in the Legislative Assembly of the most municipality-dense Brazilian state, Minas Gerais, and fragmentation plebiscite results, I empirically assess the motivations underlying local leaders’ submissions of fragmentation proposals and the factors leading state legislatures and voters to subsequently approve or reject submitted proposals. I find that a combination of local grievances, state and local political alignments, and the number of municipal districts involved in fragmentation differentiate municipalities that fragment from municipalities that do not fragment. Controlling for these causes with matching, I use difference-in-difference analyses constructed with original datasets on municipality creation to assess the consequences of fragmentation for political participation and public goods provision. I learn that subnational fragmentation enhances political participation in the first post-fragmentation local elections but that this positive participatory effect is short-lived. I attribute this short-lived uptick in political participation to enduring effects of political mobilization from the subnational fragmentation process. Additionally, I find that fragmentation helps underperforming municipalities to improve the quality of services, specifically, education infrastructure that they provide to their constituents. Municipalities created as a product of fragmentation are especially benefited through the enhanced administrative attention afforded by subnational fragmentation. Jointly, I interpret my results as evidence that decentralization and small local governments can live up to some of their promises, especially in the provision of public goods.LimitedAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD syste
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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