1,720,955 research outputs found
Social Referencing and Parental Depression on Children Aged 9-Months and 5-Years
No full textThis research was supported by the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP).Hercules, Hillary J.; Senich, Kate L.; Hodel, Amanda S.; Thomas, Kathleen M.. (2015). Social Referencing and Parental Depression on Children Aged 9-Months and 5-Years. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/172270
The differential influence of maltreatment subtype and age of exposure on empathy
Get PDFThe capacity for empathy may be shaped by interpersonal interactions throughout development. Research shows that detrimental interactions, such as maltreatment, lead to aberrant levels of empathy. However, different subtypes of abuse and neglect as well as age of exposure complicate the relationship between maltreatment and empathy. The current study aims to elucidate the contributions of maltreatment subtypes and age of exposure in predicting state and trait empathy. Participants (N=94, M age=19.12 years, 45.7% male) self-reported their age of exposure to eight subscales of maltreatment from caregivers. Next, participants self-reported their trait empathy and completed a vignette measure aimed to assess state empathy. State and trait empathy were regressed onto each subscale of maltreatment. Results revealed physical neglect negatively predicted state empathy. Emotional neglect and physical neglect both negatively predicted trait empathy, and parental physical maltreatment positively predicted trait empathy. Relative weights analysis revealed that adolescent versus childhood exposure to emotional neglect was significantly more impactful in predicting state empathy. These results illuminate the nuanced associations between timing of maltreatment subtypes and how they differentially impact state versus trait empathy
Concurrent Parasympathetic Synchrony in Romantic Couples Exposed to Childhood Maltreatment Subtypes
Get PDFEarly responsive caregiving hones children’s physiological systems and subsequently supports social interactions (Feldman, 2007; Porges 2001; Steelman et al, 2002). Conversely, mis-attuned interactions with caregivers, such as exposure to maltreatment subtypes, might hinder social engagement capacities at both behavioral and biological levels (Kim & Cicchetti, 2004; Sheridan & McLaughlin et al., 2014). These early adverse influences endure across development and can affect behavioral and physiological interactions with romantic partners (Mayo et al., 2021; River et al., 2020; Zamir, 2022). Specifically, temporally coordinated patterns of physiological responses between partners (i.e., synchrony) are linked with important relationship behaviors, including conflict behaviors and relationship satisfaction (Mayo et al., 2021). Couples’ physiological activity may rise and fall at the same time as one another (in-phase synchrony), at alternating times (anti-phase synchrony), or show no significant relation to each other (nonconcordance). The current study investigated the influences of maltreatment subtypes on individual physiological reactivity and romantic partners’ patterns of physiological synchrony. A sample of 61 emerging adults (30 couples) engaged in a research study that collected high frequency heartrate variability (HRV) during a conflict discussion and retrospective reports of exposure to three childhood maltreatment subtypes: physical threat, nonphysical threat, and deprivation. Results revealed no significant associations between maltreatment subtypes and individual HRV reactivity. Maximum nonphysical threat exposure across the couple was predictive of anti-phase HRV synchrony (β =-.49, t(24)=.-2.70, p=.01 R2=.27). Follow-up analyses found a significant interaction such that heterosexual couples with males with higher nonphysical threat exposure and females with lower nonphysical threat exposure were more likely to exhibit anti-phase HRV synchrony values (F(3, 18)=3.51, p=.04 R2=.37, ΔR2=.16). Albeit nonsignificant, the summation of partner’s nonphysical threat exposure scores yielded a medium effect size with the same directionality as the above nonphysical threat finding (β =-.37, t(24)=.-1.94, p=.06, R2=.16). Couples’ physical threat and deprivation scores did not significantly predict HRV synchrony. These findings add to and challenge the existing literature on the implications of HRV reactivity and synchrony patterns. Previous literature shows that physiological functioning can be a moderator for psychotherapy treatment outcomes (Mathewson et al., 2013). As such, results from this study might aid in matching couples to appropriate treatments to reduce severe couple mis-attunement, such as intimate partner violence, and potentially disrupt future cycles of maltreatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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